Thursday 16 August 2012

XUANZANG.

 

玄奘 法师
Thich Thien Super
N tuck under Xuanzang story called Journey to the West not complaining, Xuanzang that business or visiting Tripitaka Tang. In the book says enough is Tripitaka Dharma Master Hsuan.
Tang is a monk of the Tang Dynasty. Tang Dynasty monk goes, there are many prayers, but only he is the most special, most popular, so much when they said that was just for Tang Monk Xuanzang. There is Tripitaka Dharma Master of Buddhist Canon, and Abhidharmic Vinaya. Because he was the understanding of the Tripitaka Tang, laws and theories should be called Tripitaka Dharma Master.
His biography and more people around the world write. Vietnam alone has four, five writers as Venerable Thich Minh Chau 1 copy, his friend a copy Vo Dinh Cuong Tran Ha also has an article, Nguyen Hien Le also has an article ... In full biographies about him shall be set by the Most Venerable Thich Minh Chau, director of property or Vo Dinh Cuong. But in summary, there's all of Tran Ha Nguyen Hien Le scholars. In this issue I think, all of Nguyen Hien Le is the most concise and more attention, more profound sense to him - a very special history. Mr. Nguyen Hien Le is a renowned scholar of the South in the past.
In this I rely on the Nguyen Hien Le to summarize. Mr. Nguyen Hien Le in the article he set titled "Visiting Xuanzang and the unprecedented experience of mankind".
With subtitles so we know who Xuanzang and how great is it? Visiting an unprecedented experience of mankind - mankind's own rather than China - but the appeal was unprecedented economic, ie before and after him no he will not have been, no one making an economic appeal as he did. Before and after doing so no one should be called unprecedented. Internal question of his subtitle Nguyen Hien Le put in there, we see a great noble's how Xuanzang then:
"Hsuan (French is Hiuan-Tsang) is not a philosophical person, not promote something more to directing, he also was not a writer or a scientist, much less to be a detective insurance as Christophe Colomb, Magellan, he was a master French Buddhist pilgrimage to the land; so that his career for the more important Buddhist career with Confucian Zhu Xi, he was awarded the Chinese nation seventy-five books, including the thousands of books, to enrich the universal language is U.S. English, and saved countless human beings are precious documents for customs, climate, rivers, mountains, trees, relics of the domain desolate, mysterious in Central Asia, especially India, the materials that Western explorers to the compliment he must be very precisely, very precious. Try asking, in human history have celebrity status as he was not certain Monday? Noi the Chinese nation a miracle of his walks to fetch the Scriptures, word of mouth for each copy into a set of novel Journey to the West News - also was a privilege that from ancient times until now no one is getting more! Especially reading the biography of the mirror he saw his left us a little shed no trace. The other great men, except for a few saints, can we not have room for clothes, but he is a frugal life, courageous, hardworking, studious, polite, modest, clean and sacrifice. I want a portrait of him too! "
Opening sentence of scholars Nguyen Hien Le Xuanzang hailed as such, we see and imagine what his biography how to tell it all. A scholar in pagan, not direct, perhaps saying their course here has a very objective review, not because of religious people in Dao Dao said. Say the word he used on enough that he admired and praised him positive reviews. "Read his complete biography see his example to give us a little shed no trace. The other great men, but few saints do not even have room for recovery. And his lifelong frugality, courage, hard work, studious, polite, modest, clean and sacrifice ".
Or how about, how many good words were composed in praise above all - have enough in him before. Christophe Colomb is the explorer discovered America, Magellan who traveled around the world. He raised it to compare two people through his work, not an explorer, not the writer, not a scientist nor a philosopher's. But his merits for Buddhism to China, and for much of humanity is great.
"He was born in 602 AD, the 14th year in exchange Van De [*] The Market district (Lo Chau is Yem Sa District, Henan Province), in a noble family. Tsang is the Kham Tran Khai national knighted Northern Wei forces of life; ancestors Tran Quoc use incense to Northern Qi life doctor, his father Chen Lang Giang district in the life of Pi, then the Options Form De Force is a marriage, depression, learning from the home. His real name is Tran Vy, ranking the youngest. His second Fatherland, as the Pure Land temple Venerable (Luoyang). So his family is a Confucian family, found in the North and South Korea, which at that time was a very prosperous period of Buddhism in China.
[*] Mr. Tran Huyen Tran Ha in this business page and visiting historical tour (57 Polytechnique) - dated 15-5-59 where Xuanzang, born in 596 (16th year in exchange problem). I followed in his Groussel Surles traces René de Bouddha (Plon-1948), p. 22 From Customs did not give birth and president of Xuanzang but Trinh Quan said in the first (Trinh Quan is the dating of Taizong), ie 627 AD, age 26 Xuanzang (age in the East) , so the theory of Groussel: Xuanzang, born in 602. Furthermore, if there is Xuanzang, born in the 8th year of life Ty Van De, rather than the 16th year .
Buddhism started in China is from the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty little influence; Dong Jin died North and South, of corrupt Chinese society, the constant chaos, suffering people, do not look be so comforting in a new Buddhism in the Confucian, Taoist to return, especially Buddhism, New Buddhism, which flourished basis. Using copy preterm birth was 900 North Temple in Luoyang and Buddhism, monks and nuns in the country have gathered over 3,000 people. From king to the people, who also worship Buddha. Monks enjoy many benefits: from soldier to be exempt from taxes and collection services; to be more chaos, more poverty, the more people run into hiding under Lord Buddha. He has also asked the Buddha's, from land to pay taxes, to try Buddhism spread very quickly; to life Northern Wei, the temple occupied a third of the total land area in the country.
Later in life the North and South Korea, the European Court found that the risk for, advocates destroy Buddhism, monks and nuns began 3 million and ordered back to its many temples. But in the late 6th century, Buddhism was revived, it's brutal policies of the Options form that misery to people, things stand (three times with Goryeo war, to mobilize more than a million coated nails but lost; a down Quynh Giang Nam watch flowers bloom, which began more than a million business people to train from Luoyang to Jiang Chengdu), temples grown up a lot, is open to those who fed at his or evasion strings of contraband goods.
His father was one of Xuanzang who fed it. He did not take refuge, keeping the grapes, but eager prayer of Taoism and Buddhism. "
At age 8 he likes rituals, are strictly necessary, politely, upright character, not like dancing, bewildered not like other babies. Hieu business at his father brought him to hear lectures, to the Rising Son when he went up to hear a lecture teacher experience. Increases Death found him so, when he was sitting listening to lectures father, he also stood up shirt fix. His father is surprised why listening is such that up that I do? He said: Increases Death stood listening to teachers, but rather how much more sedate father taught me to hear that you do not stand up as disrespectful. So said he was 8 years old so then. Since we know that his spirit and the star.
"Hsuan, eight were interested in ritual, serious character carefully. A few years later, he is a prime refuge, Hsuan occasionally heard him preach Buddhism to hear, as I also want to indulge. By age 13, he left the Pure Land Temple in Luoyang for refuge. At first, the temple also hesitant, his youngest mode too, then found him sincere and intelligent novel, should approve. "[*]
[*] According to Nguyen Huy Khanh, author novel Chinese essay was that the temple court ordered the Pure Land Buddhist monk selected 27. Want a monk must pass a public examination of education and ethics (including the regulation of all life from life Minh City Ty new abolished). People have to test hundreds of applicants. Xuanzang also recorded the name, but because the young are not allowed to attend. However, he was still not smart frustrated, hid themselves near the subject, but overheard. A fruit meal Zheng Shan - sent to the court - that he stood spy who has even heard, saw more handsome figure as save their responses, ask: "He wants ordained to do?" - Ladies : "wishes, remote connections a Tathagata, nearly as bright as the French". Fruit went exceptionally good for a monk (Chinese novel essay p. 149, Khai Tri - 1950).
At that time in the Pure Land Buddhist temple of the king allowed the selection by 27 monks. While invisible to increase the applicant has both 100. Court representative to recruit named Zheng Shan fruit. Xuanzang childhood should not be included in the selection list. But he just stood outside the door listening to fill holes. Results show that Cheng Shan asked, age, hometown, hobbies ... Especially when asked why he wanted to renounce? He answered: I left home, the connection is far from Buddha, Tathagata, near the light, such as France (Vienna us Tathagata, such as legal access). This sentence mean: I mean to look at the far left home, and before, about the Buddha, I want to continue the same strain of the Buddha. Looking to close in the present I want to make light of the teachings he inherited it is. Renunciation is for that purpose. While age is a child, where recruitment Increase court, because a young age not to hire, also refused to stand lounging about the house to fill holes that listening, like the story of ham in it, so when answering Zhang said that the good effects are exceptional for him to become a monk. "
"He learned all the business of Hinayana, Mahayana and then to economic Nirvana, a sublime teachings, school forgot to forget to eat sleep".
Business experience Nirvana is the highest: to question the Buddha said: All sentient beings have Buddha nature. The other Business Business Business said there is not. All sentient beings possess Buddha-nature, in the Sutra Nirvana put emphasis on the moral anybody Buddha nature. It is a most sublime morality. Now we hear too long to get used to it as often, but the new hearing, hearing it very strange, very strange, because their reasoning: Buddha is Buddha, sentient beings as beings. Buddhism is superior, the super-Vietnamese, also as inferior beings, is unclean, is ignorance, not to star beings have Buddha-nature. The only new in Buddhism other than the religious do that. A sentence that is spoken, is emphasized in the bowl Maha Nirvana. So Maha Nirvana bowl mean depth is so high. Before going to the Western region, the many books she had studied it, because before him, he was born in 1602, first in China in 1607 he had his Ma-translate back to China four decimal binary program. From then onwards through the fourth, fifth century many monks in India and other countries to translate and hard, so he also learned the business services, both Hinayana, Mahayana in China.
"In late life there is Spleen, the Tang Dynasty, in the chaos. When thieves drive into a city, Hunan domain that beast into the cave, found the streets full of Luoyang.
He must turn from elsewhere, to discuss with him through Xuanzang Chengdu (Sichuan), reside in the temple, not to 2 or 3 years, business continued to study all of the sects.
In 20 years of age, civil disturbances had ended, his Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Chang'an is the first Land Buddhism in China. From the fifth century, the monks of the temple in India through the store there and translate economic Hinayana, Mahayana from the United Sanskrit language. That translation work can be divided into two periods:
- From Eastern Han to the West Tan (230 in) epidemic is no system at all.
- From the beginning of the Tang Dong Jin (about 270 years) have seen the products of high value services such as the Lotus, the Great product ..., although there are interesting literature, but not literally true. Translators representing the West time was a field called Sheep-ma-la-Cross.
In Chang'an, tried to read Xuanzang translated the business, find the venerable reputation to study directing, but he noticed that they also worshiped Shakyamuni faith that their doctrines far too different, sometimes contrast each other. How many religious sects that have this much policy, made him panic, do not get what are the main transmission. "
Because when passing through Chinese Buddhism then is he also in the process of research and study has its own understanding. Therefore should also identify different, it created new sects, denominations such as Pure Land, the Law on cardboard, cardboard French minister, Shingon, dorm, Duy way ... every sect has its own insights . The Buddhist is understood like this should promote all out like this, like others out there like that should pioneer, so when reading, as this man said he found it, others say different, it seems panic did not know what the right path.
"No man, he would allow him to go to school in the north across the Trans-East region (eastern capital of Sichuan Province), through Hubei, Henan, Shandong, Hebei. More you learn, the more he came suspicious, did not believe that the Buddhist monk in the Buddhist texts in translation, he also found many places conflict looming, or mistranslated. So wanted to know, only one director is also the place to Buddhism, ie India, to learn Sanskrit and study in place of the oldest classic. Italian "Journey to the West" he derived therefrom. "
Since then we know that he tried to find the school in India. Prior to India, he tried to find the Buddhist monk, elders remaining on the books. But the venerable sometimes inconsistent answers, sometimes even contradictory. In the service business is more obscure places, have translated wrong, so he determined to look up to the base - the birthplace of Buddhism to learn to take tops the industry. He believed that it was a sure way for learning from the new base is more secure. From the mirror for the root of his school, like to think we should also learn as Him.
Today, while reading the Buddhist scriptures of the Zen master, pre-read translation in Vietnamese, that's for you. But rather than you having to go into the original text of the printing business was, so that we compare translations or writings to what extent he is right. When reading the texts of Buddhism, the Buddhists also have strong awareness of the doctrine, it is not quite right any wrong, you can find out where you have learned to avoid the questions, or assume that the demand for learning where you have strong qualifications Buddhism is certainly Buddhists will recognize right from wrong place in the Buddhist books were printed earlier writings. The calm Buddhist should meditate on the Buddha's teachings, do not criticize. Of course, be careful while reading the best, do not think that any book written about the Buddha is true and believed by all.
It is an attitude of caution, French major, so new Xuanzang spirit looking from the original school in India is so. That's the way to answer these questions, questions that so long did not know he is wondering what is right from wrong, and if so to what extent true, so he determined to go for such measures in the West is .
"In Trinh Quan whole year, the first year of the reign of King Tang Tai Chun (62 AD)."
There are many theories consistent Trinh said raw-aged years, there are five consistent binary Trinh-aged, aged eight years Trinh bar, move in a two-year chain.
"Hsuan, along with some Buddhist monk said to the king again offered by India for permission to study abroad. Journey to the West story recorded that false Tripitaka Tang Tai Sun [*] business travel visiting, come back to make disciples, to take them to the Tang Dynasty, perhaps to flatter the rules of court to the king, but the truth is different; ; King of Thai Religion does not allow, because the average new water treatment, has not been strong kingship, whose diplomatic relations with the peoples in the west, in Central Asia has not been good. "
[*] See Page Tripitaka which means that three repositories of Buddhist: Buddhist Canon, sliced ​​Law, Abhidharmic; Hsuan legal name only .
According to legend, many people say in the story Journey to the West, Xuanzang went visiting his business is by order of Emperor Taizong. If you say so, wrong, wrong not only not forbidden to take that again is another. Because the new Road King then won the home where the Sui Dynasty, so the average enemy which can not rest. The external trade with the king were banned before. Any type of foreign domestic real output. Xuanzang seek to escape the king not go wrong.
"Wait forever not allowed, the Buddhist monk told him the same offer to despair away. He patiently stayed Chang'an, graduated from Hindi. On the night he prayed to the Bodhisattva for his wisdom and virtue enough to practice in the program of his du-west, which he said is very difficult, consists of multiple dangerous, wild, stealing. "
Found that single 627 to 629 did not have.
"One night in 629, he dreamed that a spiritual flame paint in the middle of the sea, came jumping into the water to wade through it just then, a lotus appeared, supporting him, took him to the foot of the mountain. Mount erect, not climbing, he did not know the star is a secret tip hurricanes lift him up to the mountain. Standing on the mountain look around the scene immense, brilliant. He likes too, wake up. "
Since the very sincerely pray sincerely and very highly plausible, so that his induction is a dream that a spiritual flame paint in the middle of the sea. So happy he jumped down and not rushing to be aware of the error or not! While dancing like a lotus to give support to the foot of the mountain is too high but do not know how to climb. Then there is a hurricane winds up the mountain top. When standing on a mountain top looking around the vast peer immense nothing. He was very happy and imagination that went to fetch the Scriptures has had his touch.
"Since then he as to believe that success and how well the credit determination, which helped his devotees win every difficulty later. At dinner later, around the domain of Chang'an victims hail crop, allowing the court to compare people in the capital to other places to eat, he took a group of migrants, towards the West, beginning with the trip of Great Wall.
In the (629), his 28 year old (in the East), the new 44-year return, the home always away for 16 years.
Age is the age of enthusiasm, confidence, that he had serious temperamental careful, moderate, so he is many people love and admire. "Water vapor burns skin, eyes bright. Solemn face, his face glowing bright. Clear voice, clear and elevated language, flowery, melodic, who also love to hear ... "Look at him, it was right that tolerance of Buddhism and Confucianism - compassion, generosity of Buddhism, faith respectfully, Confucian wisdom. He has injured person, has determined, as great solemnity Giang, but calm, brilliant as lotus flowers floating on water. "
He not only smart but beautiful. Very serious behavioral care but gentle, modest. It is very rare. Often people are smart or arrogant, haughty difficult modest, gentle. The smart guys or controversial. But he did not have it, it is the virtue of a comprehensive human moral, intelligent, hardworking, serious neglect, gentle, patient ... have in him.
"I will share his journey into 4 stages:
- From Chang'an to Mon Quan Ngoc, all the territory of China.
- From Ngoc Quan Subject to Kapica border region of India, through the small country in Central Asia.
- Phase in India.
- Stages on the way; the reader will see, by an accident that was about, he followed a different path was going, to try recording a lot more to comment on a domain was still secret.
From Chang'an him to Tan Chau (see above map), Lanzhou, and Luong Chau (now district commissioner, Gansu Province) - ie, Ha Tay, gateway to the district commissioner, Account Services, Dunhuang, Tuu Quanzhou).
Sure readers are familiar with that name. Wang Chi Interchange, a poet at the auditorium, is the contemporary name given to all Luong Thi Thien Tu Chau through the forest scenes of mountains in southern borderland that:
"... White clouds upper Yellow telecommunications space,
Best still get blade of grass into san ... "
Roughly translated:
Yellow cloud hanging between blue tops,
high non Van level, a piece of
As early as the Tang Dynasty, which is probably from before, Luong Chau has a fork of the trail to the Western Union or traders from Mongolia into China. Those traders who are very much the same language, different customs, in Luong Chau marketplace to exchange goods, news, and certainly also to spy for the very serious security guard. Admiral Li Dai The amount is the blockade, not for outsiders very Chinese and Chinese on the outside. Xuanzang waiting for the opportunity to linger, he preached on that occasion for traders, people thank him anything he brings offerings to the temple before. "
People gathered at his sermon for the traders, when it is offered, he again offered to the temple before.
"More than a month of delays at guards, he escaped, Dai Li guards chasing the wrong amount; by Shaman Tue Norway sent two disciples is Kelly and coups go protection. New Xuanzang escaped. Their night out, date hide, to prowl through the European (now Xi'an District, Gansu province).
Monday through European history is Single She Khai Buddhist, but said the court order, but to ignore him, the directions for him again. From Through Asia, progress northwards few dozen miles to the Mon Ngoc Quan (at Street, the Mon Quan Ngoc Yen equivalent of today's West), a gate located on the border and in Ho Lo river (now the The Lac River), flowing water, windy day and night because the river is strange: On the narrow, less wide.
Here is truly chilling scene hair tourists. A century later, the Tang recovered in western nations, so that the Ming Dynasty poet Huang, domain boundary only to re-think wild and dangerous emerged also the plaintive voice, which trade for Government must take animals there, and for their young wives at home stare stare husband looks:
唐 玄奘
PAINT THE MOON - Li Bai
Of Thien Minh Nguyet San,
Trade offers customs still time,
thousands of heads century,
has championed the Mon Ngoc Quan,
White posted the Han Ha,
Ho Thanh Customs buttons loan,
by hybrid battle field,
complete with roots No comments.
Interesting guests excellent prospects border,
multi-format Private label regulations,
high labor long road test,
ie the application PBL idle.
Tan Da services:
Heavenly Mountain white sesame San [1]
immense cloud water tanks are inspired thousands of
hours of run ten thousand miles long,
moonlit Blow put out Jade Mon [2]
Bach - posted Han closed military outpost,
the other bar area always eye echinus Ho.
Throughout history many who own wife,
was a land battle, the few who ru?
sad scene my side,
urging guests fondly remember our hometown,
high floor, the night away, who,
to this must surely be lamented not subside.
[1] Also known as San Tuyet, in Xinjiang, where in May the snow is still absolutely no flowers: Ng Tian Shan snow period, flowers only very limited. (Re-down song - Li Bai)
[2] That Ngoc Quan Subject
"Over the River Lake Lot, Mon Quan Ngoc out then, again to avoid the five court room fire station signals by enemy fire when a flame to let the soup station and then saw fire also burned up, so transmission Jade was time for a private license to vote. "
Besides China is also set fire station 5 rooms. They were informed by burning up, stations 2, 3, 4 fire on the news to Jade Guan Mon. Go to where the gate will prevent.
"Each station separated by about hundred miles (each size about 600 miles west) and there are guards, stations built between a wilderness, who wants to try to find food, drinking water to the foot of room fire station, which will be detention, interrogation. "
Radio farming so that only new to toe in the water stations only. Go to style long fire were blocked.
"Seeing the way difficult, anxious Xuanzang. His horse was sick, died. Two people that shamans Tue Uy for fear he is by a court order wanted, demanded large, while a sick too unbearable hardships on the way, he also said the note, so he alone. He bought another horse, preparing to road is one domain, namely Thach Ban Da for the disciple. "
Thach-table-momentum is a Ho (Central Asian) for refuge with his ordination. He said it would lead the way.
"That night, two teachers departed, met an old man. Listen Xuanzang told a visiting business purposes, admiring the old man, but advised: "You should go back to, not to the place where the West because of the way's too dangerous; if encountered clouds of sand or the wind portable fire they can not escape. Many groups of traders have perished in the road. "
He did not listen, they could go ahead, cut the corn Lake bridge over the river Lot. The other side the river, so tired he slept for a while, then discovered the name Tieu Lake Road is located away from him about hundred steps, draw his sword, crept forward again when the ten steps, the way he stopped, looking hesitated a bit then went back. "
Ho went the old man that night he set your goals other Ho introduced to him. Xuanzang went back to him. When a large room and saw tired nap stand up and sword Hu Tieu crept up to the time he hesitated and retreated.
"It's almost morning, I woke up, he was no reference to the whole night, quietly tell him to go get water. He reluctantly obeyed, but a moment later said, "This road is long and dangerous. At the foot of room fire station last Thursday with the country, to earn the right to water at night, they shot dead was lost. Teachers to return it. " He still does not listen go ahead. Suddenly he drew his sword, force him to go ahead. He did not accept, that his courage, extraordinary calm, he did not dare to lower capital, leaving his eyes. "
Page 1 initially seen as so dangerous that. Why does he do such evil? advised him that he was not then reflect back how? To go the road alone, if caught, he will declare the disaster spread, so he tried to do is advise him to return, the second to kill him. Neither be so must flee.
"Then he punched consumption alone in the desert. Near the fire station to the first room, he hid inside a dry canals, waiting to open up new, water for drinking. He draw water at the right time, two arrows flew twisted his ear, he shouted: "I am a monk in Chang'an, do not shoot anymore," then he loaded his troops. The station commander is Captain Wang wall effect, a Buddhist. "
This demonstrates that at that time Buddhism was spread in China so his performance here is Captain Buddhists. United Walls advised him not to go anymore, he could not hear, said: "You hurt growth Buddhist shortcomings that each person understand the way did not know what a sincere communication, should have learned the prayer over India. If performance increases, Captain prevent you up to kill you, but you certainly can not take back heel up where ".
Seeing our determination, the United fame to him, after he gave the little things and writing letters of recommendation to the commander of the second station. Thursday stations they own United advised him to avoid, because the commander is not Buddhist, but violent temperament.
He heard, across from the station Wednesday and go west, into the desert hectares (ie Over-Bich desert, Gobi) and from here he left the land of their ancestors, do not know when to return more.
Looking back one last time Wednesday style fire station, said sadly, then let the horse step to outline.
Way through the desert 800 miles, 500 km ie young, called Ha Sa (river sand). The Desert yesteryear that describes thus: "No birds, no animals, no water nor grass. To find directions, then the operator must get his ball and recite Buddhist scriptures. "
Xuanzang had probably correct in that sentence. The explorers like Christophe Colomb, Magellan crossed the pond, but encountered stormy scenes, or hunger, but also have elected you, sailor. As soon as Alain Gerbault, although floating alone on a sailboat around the world, but was not so lonely because longer trust the world to track his journey to the port but that someone waiting to applaud. Xuanzang also punched in the consumption desert, on only the sun's harsh sun, the night only the dim light of the stars, the scene was terrible loneliness that his faith endless adventure yet Who secret team ".
Gobi desert is vast, about 800 miles. In previous trip I had the opportunity to Mongolia to go there. They do some house for tourists that stay a couple of days to see the desert landscape and enjoy the fresh air here. I went there for two nights. That day they took us to visit a camel farm. Sitting on his car driving away most quickly find a way to give a camel farm, but he also lost. Upon finding his way back to the originating both also lost for hours. Gobi desert is full of grass overlooking the magnifying soup, mountains and the horizon only.
Too vast, the desert alone, terror too! Mr. Nguyen Hien Le is so or Xuanzang compared with other explorers. The other adventurers go on despite the vast sea alone but that the flanking both sides have wished them, track them, for their water supplies when they arrive. But he went no one to Xuanzang, no one to pick, then hid away, lucky along the way if they help meet friends for a road only. In the immediate future does not know who he is welcome because everyone knows where Xuanzang? When such comparisons, Nguyen Hien Le has shown the wonders of Xuanzang than previous explorers in the world.
"He found springs without seeing, only that the troop uniformed code of felt and fur, camel, shining spears and hide out, then back to, peculiar changes on the horizon. He urged his horse close to where the things are gone. It turned out that only an illusion in the desert. "
Really terrible illusion, that a troop ahead, if not determined, then he came back then. If determined to go it is all illusion.
"Khat he get elected than water, but his hand heavy peacock feathers that election, falling sand water flowing out. Frustrated he returned to the Chinese. "
Khat so, so tired, but also a little water until the water holding the election, the country also take drops fall out. In the speech, the election only a tear drop of hope out into the water from his mouth, the cross wind it flew away. That was the most depressed when he returned to China.
"Only then is he suspected. But after traveling the 10 kilometers he thought: "Earlier we had sworn not to Western when Architecture is not returned. I would rather go to the West which die than return to the East to live. " Then he finished horse, which goes towards the northwest.
Dust blind, touching the skin where they want to fire any place. He was thirsty, swollen tongue, lips cracked, blurred vision, strength is not carried out anymore. Has five days and four nights and not a drop of water to the lips. He fell fainting on the sand, but not so lethargic, even enthusiastically chanting, until midnight Thursday, a cool breeze blowing through, the body is refreshed as new bath. He patted his horse, he stood up, small hi a few hours left. Is about six kilometers, then it redirects natural, do not catch it in the same direction anymore. He was surprised but thought it should be left to its instinct, because it must be uncommon. As expected, all the way to a longer, he exult: a green grass out in front. So sniffing grass horse known distance. Inside is a swamp grass in the light like a mirror. Rest for all tired he cut grass for the horses and then draw the full vote to continue the journey.
Two days later he went to the I Wu (now in southern Xinjiang eyes). He has overcome the most difficult advertising, calculate the loss of eight, nine days through the desert.
I Wu is an oasis, ancient Chinese military played there, but then a colony of the Turks. Xuanzang stopped in a temple steps and met three Chinese Buddhist monk. They celebrate happy we all ran out to meet him, hugged him and cried, no longer meets the unexpected neighbor who tried to county.
High King of Bones (now Turkey Nha Nha Second surrounding lakes in the western province of Xinjiang Traditional rude) in the west I Wu, listen to him, sent messengers to pick up. He accepted the invitation or night to place the king Thai authorities' high to be wrong and personally burning torches out nghinh next to the palace, and courtiers Faye and then bowed. Thai authorities' very religious but his character remains the aggressive character of a people less intelligent. He went on very solemnly Hsuan, worshiped as revered teacher role, but begged certain Xuanzang as the cardinals stayed in the country, they begged not to be threatened. Xuanzang eager to use words that are not rejected, have determined:
- Ban rose to fame that this is not due simply to the Tay Truc classic work in place to understand the teachings of Buddhism and for all. Your Majesty should not prevent you from growing. That were not prevented. Your Majesty can only hold a handful of bones in the back recently, but the will with the spirit of poverty can not keep up.
Van Thai song could not hear, the more cushiony than before, standing almost personally served lunch. Xuanzang policy resorting to hunger strikes, sit up straight without moving, in three days, without drinking a drop of water. Through Wednesday, the Thai authorities' failure found his breath and then, just unhappy was frightened, he knelt down to apologize, vowed before Buddha simply could not stop him, but he stayed for another month high to to preach to his people. He was soon back to eating.
Van Thai song sent up a vast tent cover was 300. Each day, the royal family, the Buddhist monk in the army and the tent listening to lectures Xuanzang.
When Xuanzang left, Khuc gave him all the stupid things welded together, gold, silver, Leopard build, along with 30 horses and 25 people entourage, took him 24 letters to present to the king in Central Asia Chau, also ordered a general to his line again.
To meet the king thanked Cao Bone, he offered to reveal a picture:
(...) Nestled see Great King Air plump net gas consumption of the suspected binary heaven and earth; drooping shirt king, clapping farming population, with room for east of the country, further west still flapping velvet department (...) Back or glass gentle love, understand good save from, compassion who travel far, for kindly treated there, has been the most, post-treated leap grace conversation, found that positive law. Was inflicted by his brother to doing that, the slope a heart in love upon. The letter was sent to more than twenty sessions Western Region, with very kind, sending off the wrong protection. My Journey to the West of commercial buzz, cold snow; went down words proving identity, the four Sami to the servant. What is the legal humiliation cotton hats, shoes contempt buffer sheep, more than fifty gold silk stuff and money fled, to cause the charge current supplement finished in twenty years. Nestled in fear shy, unsure intellectual way. Although sea water such Communications Ha for at least another Location; weight bonsai dominated, which means it is even worse.
"After this up for us Professor Bai, click yes the law, bringing in translators to spread things never heard before. Disrupts the dense forests of the wrong guys, cool completely misrepresent the superstition of the relationship (...). May work out what that little, Lane replied the other deeply thanked. Now that money is far, can not be stored in long, farewell tomorrow, sadly bitterly nor am grateful to foreclosure, the glass weights can give revelation. " (East European services - South Room No. 142, September, 1929).
On departure, the court, the clergy and to promote nature take him to the western gate. Xuanzang left the king's heart, promised on his way to visit high to stay three years, and sadly on the horse. But later he did not keep that promise because at that time, tribal Thai authorities' perish (by Taizong).
From there his reputation people know the journey is much easier than before, where are also welcome to bring solemnly. Van Thai song had great success during his appeal of his business.
Through a rugged mountain domain is more famous silver mines, to A Ki Hsuan Ni (Yen Chi is Xinjiang), a resting place of the excluded groups dozen traders and night to Treasury Xa (ie True Legend of Chi, Xinjiang), then to Silver Luc Ca (ie Tuc Wen, Xinjiang). This domain is rich. Since then filled with the Tian Shan snow can not proceed immediately, he must stay there for two months and have the opportunity to review, record the civilized traditions of the Treasury far, save your document is for Archaeologists later; United Nations that about a thousand miles wide from east through west and six hundred miles from South to North. The circumference of the capital was 17, 18 miles away. Statistics red soil, barley, grapes, pomegranates, pears, plums, peaches. There are gold, copper, iron, lead, set. The climate is warm, people net salary. Adapted texts of India. Music far more than its neighbors. The raisins Xa which pass through Chinese Buddhism. Because silk is located on transport from Rome through China, so far traded Treasury rage, wealthy class you but that Leopard build brilliant.
There, he met a monk, educated wisdom, is Jupiter Delete local stone, was the Indian classic work on two decades. Thanks to the encounter, he was much more about Buddhism and India, but sometimes discussion of dharma voice slightly bitter because Most Daisy Wood Remove the Hinayana as most venerable Central Asia , but he is inclined to Mahayana. After all, Jupiter Clear Daisy had to get that right now there are very few Indian scholars like him.
When the snow starts to melt, he resumed the journey, to the National Black Box and climbed mountains 7200 meters high Consul Tian Shan range. He described the mountain that very carefully: "It is dangerous and tops touched the sky. Since opening in natural terrain, snow, ice close to the heap does not tan year round. Ice cover and hard layers brilliant, straight to the horizon, and the clouds. Looking at blinding. (...). Climbing the difficult, dangerous. The extra can always have the snow storm, the test under the shoe has two layers of skin, though still trembling sheep dressed up and through. Want to eat or sleep, no place to rest the foot dry. The only way pot is hung up somewhere that cooking and mats to lie. "
So later as Scout hung on a tree that cooking pot is imitated from here, because there is no place dried out, just hanging pot where the tree, which is how many people go camping to imitate. That evolved from Xuanzang.
"Climbing, the group of Xuanzang over a dozen people die of starvation cold (not counting a large number of cattle and horses), leaving only a few suspended poems.
Down to the foot of the mountain, he followed a river and then to Thermal Lake (also known as West Lake Carving). "The lake is about 1,000 miles in circumference lying from east through west, south and north of the narrow width. The mountain sides; multitude of rivers flowing into. Traditional water bluish black, salty and acrid. " Lakes never freeze, relatively warm climate, so the Kings in the political domain to which to solder. The Message at a lake in Suzhou City (now the province's Republic Easter Long Cat Cat From Turkey of Russia. Old in West Single Decision), which met Hsuan Ho Diep Khac Korea's Sudden Decision Made.
Unlike in a tent embroidered with bright yellow flowers dazzle, but that seems barbaric majesty revered. Which is different relative to the Thai authorities' solemn receptions Hsuan, hear lectures he finished, he much admired, want to keep, "O master, the master not to the West Architecture. Made it so hot, summer and winter. I was afraid that the new teacher through which the face melt like wax before. Consumption, the black population, mostly naked, not knowing what the ritual, the master is not worth visiting. "
The reason he said the Indian people naked, not completely naked people off the beginning, as far he only knows part of the picture. Because in India at that time the teacher Jain-sect which speakers can (they were naked). India then also have them. Sometimes they walk the streets but the number was very low. Sure he was heard to say that sex Indian naked, but not everyone actually all naked, only a few by sex nude only.
"He does not listen, unlike let him go. He advanced to the West, to the Xa time, through a desert of about two hundred and a half kilometers, red sand, then the Mac Event Room, a place of very ancient citadel, for nine centuries Xuanzang, A Calendar Alexander the Great was the multitude that to India.
There, a fork in the road transport of silk so numerous precious commodity. The fertile sandy soil, what crops were planted. Different ethnic domains he passed. It began as the affected area of ​​Persia, not influenced by Chinese civilization. Although there are but few temples are in ruins because the king and the people are Buddhists, but not worshiped the fire.
King Hsuan way to scorn, but after hearing his sermon expressed emotion, his shield. There are times people hold a torch to expel him, the king or force them to believe, sentence him to cut the legs, cutting off hands, he applied to reduce crime, and then people have feared the glass, apply a large Buddhist. The following year, the king sent messengers to the spirit of the Chinese show Taizong. At that time Taizong knew of his work for the court.
From Mac Accessories Feng, Hsuan towards the south, about three or four hundred miles, to the Set Mon Son, an extremely dangerous place, very beneficial to use martial. "It is an alley way in the territory of Afghanistan, twisting at the foot of two towering mountains, stand up like two walls black, iron, because the mountain is much iron ore. Numerous rapids waterfall located across the road. At the top line is a door there are two wings of iron, iron bell hanging on the door. The wind blowing into the, up the bell sounded like thunder, mixed with a waterfall rushing sound, but the overcast sky, then it is hell. Only ten names garrisons gate that is sufficient to prevent angels universal code. The Turks took the control weaknesses that all traffic and trade between India and Central Asia ".
Beyond Design Mon Quan, Ho Diep Khac convoy departed back to Korea. He alone toward the southeast, over the small country and one day came across a young Buddhist monk Turkish origin named Mars La Nature Tue volunteer disciples, took him to India. The two loops through the western Great Tuyet Son, go over two thousand miles down the Buddhist monk was ordered by King Saturn Hoa La farewell that returns to University House. "
So he went alone. At that time Buddhism has spread to everywhere should have all Buddhists. The Central Asian origin of many Buddhists.
"South Bactriane domain is in the past, ancient times belonged to Persia, as was A Calendar Alexander the Great occupied, Greek influence in a while, then under the influence of Buddhism, there are Buddhist temples contain 3000 increasing map.
The road goes past the most difficult Tuyet Son University. Thickens clouds, snow flying all day disturbances, never see the sun. Cliff road flat, but nowhere are three large size. Having the theaters had to lie down on the ice that moved to the scrotum by little, sometimes going through the clouds connected by swinging bridges in the air, just a bit unintentionally falling into the abyss of a waterfall rushing.
Since the knowledge of Nature or the heel, the consumption Hsuan punched himself in a wild jungle, climb a high mountain pass Shibar 3000 to Kapica size (Kabul Valley), a fertility domain; length 60 km and 20 km wide . It had belonged to India, so he met in Kapica many Indian monks, according to asceticism: the naked, sat and prayed in the woods, bear hunger and cold.
He thinks there all summer, then Lampaka, from climate to people, animals and customs are different from the previous domain. People are fun, like singing, dancing, small but fast, busy colorful cloth. It is true that Indian nationalism. Heat climate, luxuriant vegetation, and there are many monkeys. He was crossing the river Indus to Taxila, where according to legend, visited the Buddha in a previous life I saw a hungry tiger, does not make a bait, to feed the tiger seven children, four active compassion, from the height headlong down near the entrance to the cave tiger tiger suicide to feed itself, so that the soil around the tree as red as the blood red also. "
In Buddhism there is a legend about Buddha's predecessor, once of selflessness goes to feed the tiger. Seeing the tiger shoal lying seven children, she did not know what a tiger feeding is that every run, so he climbed up the tree touched it jumps down to giving body for it, by such legends should be trees that it grows red.
"Taxila belong Kacmir, a very pure water direct, there are hundreds of temples and 5,000 monks. The land where it is legal cause of the Mahayana. Then the King sent Xuanzang also follow that, so respected, personally to the border and cutting boards from time to sit a parallel phenomenon to the very capital. Because having a dozen seven-year-old shaman, Master Worthy He [*] long through three organs, to find lots of classics (plus up to half a million young), Xuanzang stayed Kacmir 2 years (from 631-633 ) to study directing. Games are glass master, and very dear teacher role, the same prime each other. When you understand the scriptures, new Hsuan farewell to the king and the master who visited Buddha land. Out, he was four years away from home, experienced many hardships, but was close to the target.
[*] That Increase Worthy, He studied with his Hsuan Increase Worthy of Cu Xa review, upon the chief reason, Nhon intelligent, smart bar, etc. ...
Leaving Kacmir to Cakala, then walk a few days then one day, through a jungle area he and his entourage robbed stripped off the page, hiding in a cave. Thanks to a group of private farmers or taken to a temple to her rescue brāhmaṇa there. The owner of this temple believers Ba-la-knowledge but also interested in studying Buddhism. Xuanzang stayed for a month to learn the Ba-la-subject, then go to Jalandhars.
From his study is the extremely interesting, to where he also met the Buddhist relics, spoiled that reads texts that talk with the shaman, and a visiting teacher of the wise practice.
India is a country famous mystery, partly because of its location, in part because of religion. On location, it's almost a country distinct from the surrounding country, three east, west and south by the sea, north of the Himalayas have high sequence heliotrope, very inconvenient for traffic on religious the beginning teacher has two main directors, the Ba-la-subjects and Buddhism, and Islam is a more direct, passed from Persia, particularly the Ba-la-two subjects and there are many Buddhist sects that far different theory. Expanse of land as a small continent, divided into hundreds of countries, there is a small country with a different percentage of water. Jewelry treasures are many, temples are everywhere. People are superstitious, but divided into several classes; four aristocratic palace dreaming of the perfect bar all excellent hunters, they practice like little Ba-la-do, just practice and very important, business class thanks to rich people but also respected, despised class farmers almost slave class; finally untouchables class was the class other than our abomination abomination lepers, that no one dared to approach them and they played in the shadow of the material object that was seen as dirty, nestled away and no one should be opened again.
In summary, from the traditions of civilization, unlike China. Xuanzang lived there 10 years young, you are traveling all over the place, seen many strange things, and congenital subtle minds comment, write the file back in the Journey, a bunch of very valuable material not only help the Chinese people at that time but also help both scholars today understand India again. The René Grosset, author of "Sur les traces de Bouddha" must also admire his remarks, he considered the most righteous of ancient times. "
Kacmir the attacker, a very pure water direct, a country previously was the springboard, from which Buddhism originated as a place to pass through China. When Buddhism was transmitted to the Northwest Indians, Kacmir are an extremely popular Buddhism.
"From Jalandhara, he proceeds to the southeast, to Mathura, then to the east to the upper river Gange (Hang Ha). He described the river like a scientist: "Near the source, the river three miles wide, but nearly 10 miles wide estuaries. Blue water normally, but often change color, but the vast country. Many strange creatures live in the river, most do not harm people. The country's sweet and pleasant, very fine sand. Native river is considered a god, he who shall wash all bathing waters are guilty, if you drink water or rinsing the mouth alone only dissipate the suffering, if they are drowning in a river to the sky. Always on the banks has gathered countless men and women. " He is so superstitious. "
In India there are four ways cremated, or buried four ways. Marine funeral: Death and then brought back down the Ganges, they believe the soul will go to heaven, earth burial: burial like Vietnam. Cremation: That brings fire to get water sprayed on aggregate, mountain, farm, land or kept in jars memories. And not buried: As brought out in the hills away food for birds and animals. It is 4 to burial. But in India there are now removing the Ganges water is the most common.
"Go to Kanauj, he met King Harsha (About Japan), a deeply Buddhist, often meeting each year all the Indian shamans in the capital to argue about Religion, which invited the highest virtue , the most advanced learning to sit on his throne that sermon.
When sitting in a boat down the river Gange with another two dozen people to get to Prayaga, he met a horrible accident. Boat across a river flanked by dense forest. A swimming a dozen robbers stopped the boat out and pulled the passengers ashore. They worship the goddess Durga and a year to earn a handsome man, athletic, killed for sacrifice. Seeing them happy too because Xuanzang his white skin clear that fresh face elegant, intelligent, tables together will kill him. They took him to the temple grounds, the lower the sword drawn, that he remained calm, they are a little surprised. He would be chanting before they die, they can come. The companion wept bitterly, while he was chanting the more, the more refreshed and happy around them know nothing at all. Suddenly a storm arise, the boat filled up and stuffed down the sink, broken trees cracked. Robbers panicked, thinking that he has supernatural powers, he knelt down to ask forgiveness. He opened his eyes had asked them not to die now. "
Said that when then enter the static concentration as in the Sutra says: If a person is found to return to the source of about 10 world melted away. He himself in this hour, 10 the world is gone, for he did not have. Inferno until around that type shall not know what he asked: It is now dead?
"When he changed his mind or they do not reveal sharp fun. Just then the wind stopping.
After Prayaga, he visited Kaucambi, then up north to visit the Nepal Buddhist Holy Land.
Before the ceremony where he was:
A. Water Gavastis (Sravasti) where Sakyamuni old residence and most evangelicals long.
Two. Water Kapilavastu (Ca-Pi-la-defense) where he was born (now Province Gorakhpur).
3. Water Kusinagara (sentence-test-la-ma-masterpiece) near Nepal, where he was president.
4. Benares (Ba-la-complaint where he attained enlightenment).
Five. Water Vaisali (Ve-amnesty-l? Is Besarh province, where his favorite inns in the rainy season.
6. Failure to La Gott and original Bodhi.
During that pilgrimage, his heart vibrate, compensation recalled as always listen to the melodious music. Life of Sakyamuni sacrifice appears, this recovery continued in the other, bright enough detail. "
As Christmas scenes of visiting the relics of Buddha, as he imagined he saw the Buddha, the Buddha had a period.
"This is where one of his aunts, as well as his mother again, ask him refuge for women, following up a first Buddhist nuns."
That relic of her Ma-ha-ba Ba-bar-topic, please go mobile form of Buddhist monastic life. She is requesting the Buddha to renounce the first to make a woman ordained, that from the first in India do not have any other direction and she was the first ordained in his teachings. The first of her renunciation Buddha would not accept. Because of fear among women in every Buddhist world would mess up so he did not initially accept. But thanks to Venerable Ananda Buddha many times he would accept. When he accepted the eight conditions, which in French law called the Glass Bowl. A woman ordained and ordained to hold another French glass, ie eight measures have to bow to the Sangha. That woman ordained in the teachings of Him.
"This is where each cut the cord of his burial. Oh miserable scene. Where the ancient palace where the grass has only a positive sicken under him! The capital of his father was destroyed beyond recognition so the perimeter again. Fortunately vestige remains more or less. Aboriginal people also just be the place where Prince fencing and won the competition, where the first scene he saw old age, sickness and death; the road that night he left his wife and children their parents, prosperity and glory flowers, attractive Clean the dust to find. Recall that, tears welling Hsuan see the sacrifices that their sacrifice is far less than the Buddha. It led him to visit a field where the farmer his sob raking soil, weeds, and kill the worms and worm eggs, seemingly hurt their loved ones were so bad. Oh! His mercy vast as the universe! The temple at the other edge of the forest, where he took off to nice clothes, hair cutting sword, given to Channa, protection of health or not? Angelus still crying copy Channa and his horse also touched, licked his feet before leaving.
This is where he passed away. Has more than 11 centuries. Blacksmith's house, invited him to use last meal there. Which other place where he lay down, where people flock to take fire burned him.
At Benares he visited Loc members, where his first sermon to five disciples first. Xuanzang also heard echoed his teachings:
"O monks! There are two extremes that we must avoid, life is a joy, it's vile and futile; one is the ascetic life, it's terrible, ugly and useless ... O monks, this is the truth of suffering: birth, aging, sickness and death, not far from what you love, that is suffering. And this is the origin of suffering: heart education (...). And this is the truth of suffering allowed: Mass education is our suffering that kills. "
He paused for a long time in the original Bodhi. This is the Holy land of Buddhism, Sakyamuni entered where the director and teachers. Currently the original Bodhi no longer old, but when he arrived, it remains lush "white gold stems, green leaves and smooth, summer and winter are lush. But to Nirvana, the holidays have fallen off a turn and then the next day and grass grow. That day the kings watered milk into a tree, burning lamps, typical of cotton, picking at the leaves and then on ". Later, people built a brick wall around the temple and took a ring near the north gate.
Tree next to a statue. It is rumored that the prophecy that when the land was filled, the transmission loss Buddhism in India. Xuanzang was found bury the chest, guess only 200 years later, the rest buried. Strangely, to the 9th century, Buddhism pole failure in India, except a few domain as Magadha and Bengale, who lost much of it around.
He knelt in the tree, complained, praying and visiting ancient lake of Sakyamuni or the bath, laundry, before the temple of Nalanda (Magadha water) flow study.
India has thousands of temples that Nalanda largest, most beautiful, is also the oldest university. Almost a separate city. "
Oldest universities in India, ahead of Western universities. Xuanzang to the 7th century, late 6th century, when the world did not have much off University. Nalanda University was a high, containing the 3000 Rising. Those who want to learn must go through a new illiterate are questioned, said that Buddhism was popular at that time. Temple built 700 years that Xuanzang the sixth century, so is erected before the end of the 1st century BC.
"All around is a brick wall, in the tens of temples, houses and numerous conference rooms, room chanting. Standing in the corridor overlooking: The roof of as "flying on fumes", "interview talk around" the "blue lotus on the water so brightly." Tone when he described the scene as a slick voice Chang'an poet.
The temple has a very old library and complete: The Mahayana, Hinayana, beans have (over 150 feet), and medical books, astronomy, geography, mathematics, engineering ... always always have ten thousand increase Tour the Mahayana doctrine. Discipline is strict, since the temple erected by then, over 700 years, not only civilians but also respected the king's spirit in the temple monks, provide for a lot: 200 families each day brings rice , milk, butter, fruit to offer.
About The Master Hien chaired by shamans (Cilabhadra), a most learned scholars at that time, he was 106 years old but still lucid mind. Or information to Xuanzang, a law professor wrong 200 clergy and thousands of believers banners flags, though, to bring floral welcome. Go to the temple, the offering Hsuan shaman; according to a domain, also his knees, his head on the floor, Lord, receive discipleship. About Hien was moved to sa magician of: "A few months ago, have severe pain, just fast forward to liberation. One night I dreamed that the three orders we have to live to wait a Chinese monk to minister to that. Now I come here with dreams that much. "
He is French Hien About 106 owners and longevity. Four great body and torturing but he wanted to free third night dreamed that the god of protection is to wait a Chinese monk to minister to them and then release, then to Xuanzang.
"For too old, long About Hien shaman no lectures anymore, try this new faculty for critical commentary Xuanzang is a review of Yoga."
Duy Du-da is a review mode, 100 titles.
"Dates, the clergy and faithful gathered around the large domain as the festival. Xuanzang studied very forward, thousands of monks in the temple map, may very well be his 10 followers.
He was in the temple 15 months (634 AD) learned of speech and learn Yoga philosophy Ba-la-subjects and Sanskrit, composed a Sanskrit grammar book that is right reductive.
He would allow shamans About Hien traveled to India to find out more other denominations, especially the situation of Buddhism in every place.
He visited Bengale origin, down Tamralipti harbor, the bay boat to the island to close Bengale Ceylon, (center of Theravada) but who advised him not to go by sea, because waves, he went by road, men sea ​​which carried down the southwest, across the island to Sri Lanka and will welcome the boat, so just take three days at sea.
On the way, he visits Odradeca origin, Kalinge, Andhra, Pallava (he came here in 640).
According to René Grousset, without a island Hsuan Ceylon for the Island or have internal disturbances and famine, but according to Mr. Tran Huyen Tran Ha in this business page and visiting historic trip (Polytechnic 57, 68 and 60), the Huyen Page can cross the sea to Sri Lanka, not clear what the correct theory.
Go to southern India, he followed the western coast, but near the boundary to India - Persia, through the lands of Maharashtra, Nasik, Bharukacha. Reviews what he has thoroughly documented. That those remarks are very true, not just the situation in the country Mahratte Maharashtra (Calukya), he comes across in the back, now, too; simple, straight, but self-love and hot-tempered, mean weight sacrificed and died for contempt notice to the grace that vengeance adventurous, and very dignified, warned that enemies before hand.
Their generals were imprisoned but they would rather die like a shame not to worry winners started their clothing woman. Like the best martial arts it is the same in India.
The recording his irrigation work and the Persian silk is also very true, although his origin but are only heard people said.
West to India after examining customs, religion, classics everywhere in the temple (where he stayed with the first study, 2 years), he crossed through central India to the east, to the land of Magadha Nalanda temple and back. This time he was reviewing all the things learned, I thought to find the truth.
About Hien false shamans still alive he chaired the lecture on Mahayana Photography review. Mr. Tran Ha, in all leads, recorded that:
"Now monks Tu Quang, is also considered useful list of disciples About Hien shaman, not for the chairmanship of Xuanzang ... but when Xuanzang 3000 written statement reciting" The synthesis of "the whole temple Sangha are for both, commended About Hien shamans also sobbed. Tu Quang see his fledgling school, shame temple leave out, than to return next year.
"Just then, she has a-la-theoretical writing 40 articles pasted in front of the temple brought Na-lan-momentum, the challenge that: - If I be one of us, we will cut the apology.
A few days later, still no one dared argued. About Xuanzang went visiting professor to the Constitution so that he saw her argue with her brāhmaṇa. Eventually, the Ba-la-rays and asked subjects made the promise. Hsuan said: - Venerable not killing.
The story is not necessarily the case but could not believe it. A person has experienced, wide learning, the temperamental moderate, modest as he was all not aggressive, but in a country clutter cult like India, the directory size is very often the debate between the sects , then how he had to give opinions, sometimes to reconcile, sometimes wrong, to point. I know, he like most of the venerable wisdom of Chinese Mahayana favor, he stands out reconciliation among the sub-sect of Mahayana in India, saying the damage is caused by the economic front caption according to his own case, but the damage was not great, but an universal primary allergic, so we should put that under the universal primary allergic to from conflict.
For Hinayana, he more stringent. He especially criticized the Ms-la-subjects, and the ascetic sect advocates, according to grotesque, barbaric. There you get into the palm ash until pale skin for such new director. There are guys not selling clothes, hair, feathers are pulled out, naked as the chrysalis. A spirit of Confucianism, a conscientious mind, he did not get the spring activity. He was annoyed that the "religious" neck chain worn on skull fragments, or busy enough clothes to stick things dirty, rotten flesh to eat the "spiritual liberation".
King of a neighboring country, the Kamarupa (King Sheep-ma-ma-la-long water-Ca women, this is the province of Assam) finance his fans, invited him to lecture economic capital. But while King Harsha (King About Japan), a most mighty monarch of India at that time, ruled most of northern India, have very religious scholar and Buddhist poetry, he also wanted to pick the capital is Kanauj (Khuc Female Members). Kamrupa King had to obey the king Harsha, leaving their programs, and cutting boards with two thousand elephants, three thousand boats, led the soldiers to escort Karughira Xuanzang, Harsha king or camping spot. Xuanzang to at night. Curious, King Harsha not wait until morning, then sent the torch burning with the generals went to meet. Xuanzang met the king knelt down, kissed his feet, full of people wearing his flower. At dinner after the king and his procession to the capital is king Kamarupa Kanauj (in 643). Army of times that the two countries meet again; into a solemn procession ever. Bells, drums, rumors, famous flute wine on the river. Vassal emirate also re welcome. Out of 18 central Indian monarch, three thousand clergy Mahayana and Hinayana, two thousand Ba-la-subjects and a thousand Nalanda monks at the temple at Kanauj gathered to hear him preach.
Then staged, golden Buddha has re-procession. Buddha statue to where the king Harsha to sprinkle gold, silver and jewels there. Then the party moving for everyone; treasures donated to the clergy.
Reviews all bench Hsuan, lectures on breaking bad reviews and comments other Mahayana principles. King Harsha for his lectures copy, paste in the door to bring people to assume, under the posts, adding that whoever sent the bar a place to reward, the king will be beheaded for his person. Xuanzang do not want so! When politicians interject religion to obscure the truth! For 18 days and still no one dared to argue with him at all. King Harsha both celebrate, declared Mahayana have won and gave Xuanzang a thousand gold coins, silver coins three thousand, one hundred good cloth suit, a cutting board with, so he went up on the armchair, stroll around the capital. Theravada monks and Ba-la-subjects do evil, but dared not violence. King Harsha bring all the treasures of wealth in stock distributed to the people, just keep a cloth map. But 18 of his vassal king hastily gathered the wealth of folk to acquire the treasures that King Harsha has distributed and given to the king. So back to the European city is known that King Harsha is merit in accordance with extensive lessons give you the Sakyamuni.
Hsuan not recover but do not dare criticize, for permission to China. The king retained the Nalanda temple clergy also advised stay. He replied:
"China in the far West Architecture, roads so dangerous to delay transmission of Buddhism that few people understand thoroughly the teachings of Sakyamuni. So new is why I rode up here to seek the Way, this has finished, please be on the water to only to those who are not as fortunate as you increase the Buddha land. Where poverty increased dare forget the advice tha sense of self and teacher. "
King Harsha (About Japan) heard it could not interfere, but let the messenger returned to sea on the occasion of the second international Emperor Taizong. He also denied having promised the king that when on high to visit that country in the next few years: debt of honor that can not pay.
King Harsha gave him many treasures, elephants cutting board, he sent a convoy to the border of India, wrote many letters to the king of his domain he passed. But the scriptures and Buddha carrying the wrong person. King Kamarupa (Assam) also gave him a shirt seated welding, and with King Harsha took him out of the dozens of miles. Now they all sa farewell rate.
Attachment of two hearts that real monarch touched. Three days later, Hsuan surprised to see a group k? Soldiers chase led by two kings, back off a ramp again, and then sadness at parting. This time, farewell. Four years later King Harsha was killed and a brilliant period of Indian history ends.
Vacation Hsuan Bilsar (north Kansuj) two months during the rainy season in 643, then go back the old way, through Jalandhara Taxila. Full of bandits that domain but to be safe because they understand the economic appeal of his work.
Early in 644, he passed the Indus. Go to the river, floating on waves, severe lean a boat, people keep falling into the water business, which saves, but took his economic manuscript and many seeds.
King of Kapica or believe him to, to meet him in the river, that it sent out immediately copy the business was lost. Many other kings and tens of miles away to farewell him as to where the people also continued his solemn procession. Out his 10 years in India. "
In India for 10 years, going on 7 years.
"Look on a map, readers see to Badakhsan he does not follow the old path that led to Set Mon Quan turn over to the east.
King Kapica has provided him enough food, clothing, hundreds of people are wrong to take him through the Great Snow Son of knowing the distance that the most difficult climbing. He took 14 days to climb. Landscape extremely cold, desolate, without a tree, just all piled up stones to draw the eye. The high mountains and the wind was so strong that the bird could not fly over.
Tuyet Son and to all General Information Scope. The domain in the cold too, live in cave animals, storytelling times thousands of traders and camels which have a full snow storm buried in snow. They recounted two living Buddhas, sitting meditation, not eating, not moving, in a cave 700 years that skin drying, not only apart. And much more bizarre stories.
He arrived in Kashgar, Yarkand (Ka-Tan), states Vu fill a good soil enriched by planting strawberries are. In the past China kept growing mulberry and raising silkworms way because it is a great resource. Sure readers know Chinese medieval continental European transport through expensive that just started gaining weight in exchange for gold. Legend of King Vu Dien married a Chinese princess and princesses have smuggled in a little oil seeds and less water-worm for her husband's wealth that the Chinese secret word is revealed, then passed through Byznace Europe.
King Vu Fill up to seven months he preached to the people heard. He asked a group of indigenous traders helped bring a piece of Chang'an said court for permission to enter that country (because before he went away).
End with the sheets said:
"... (I Xuanzang) traveled to seventeen years of refinement (in Chinese), has from the Bat-la-old part-through-all-for mortars, over mountains across the river Our parents, go to the Utilities. So have your big elephant goes, it takes drowning, experience brought a lot, not rent the truck, it must remain in suspension. No time to limp on for an early audience with the currently selected pad. Immense collective desire. Need to send a man to the bone known as Code Huyen Cao Tri's first four commercial goes on tour to Western forms of expression, the king heard "(East European service - Mr Tang Monk Xuanzang - South Room 143, 10/1929).
During that time, he also sent out texts that King Kapica sent him a copy.
Go to Chinese territory, he stopped in Sa Chau (Dunhuang district) only for comparison of King Street. New imperial head also upset that he dared microinstructions, but over 10 years on, his fame was up, his major work, as glorious for our country in the strange place, so Emperor Taizong letter he was happy, absolution and catch the local to welcome and help him on his way.
One early spring day in 645, Chang'an Street jubilant young and old, boys and girls helped each other led to welcome and applaud him warmly. Flags, banners, parasols hammocks s flag, drums clang the bell, incense smoke room untouched, bustling scene than usual reasons. The monks gathered in the capital carrying sutras, Buddhist statues in the temple Hoang Phuc.
He was away from home for sixteen years, almost three thousand kilometers away over 123 countries and bring about the:
E 150 relics.
7 wooden statue from you size up to 3 meters high 50.
And 647 sutras. And translated 75 books of 1335.
At dinner later, he came to Luoyang in providing an audience with the King Phung Lau, Emperor Taizong asked why he went West without Western Architecture ago, he replied:
God who had lower vessel, but should not be smaller than the filed. Then, too religious, so had to sneak away, to bring greater sin. "
The answer is so good, so wise, so we should emulate. Internal command of the king a story is a great sin, to answer back when he asked to tell the King to forgive sins away. He responded very well. He said that Western Ke had lower mental process but too small because it's worth noting, not worth more. King also said so little disenchanted with it too, so do not accept.
"The king smiled, inquired about the water Xuanzang passed. King also advised him to office, he refused.
Western explorers, such as a ten houses, then everyone returned to the court or government would be to again, but we also encourage them to go, for the first time only to scan the road, but next time is to put new facilities and staff benefits. Xuanzang might tell love to communicate with Chinese taste of the high king of Bone, Harsha, Kapica ... and ask yourself Taizong returned to those countries with a bunch of traders, and then with some troops to promote the Chinese empire as the policy of Portugal, Italy, Hoa, English, French later. "
But no. Where sub-ti his heart like that! "
The explorer is not there nowhere to go exploring, they take money from their country, they were nowhere to attention and then lead his troops to invade that country. Xuanzang is not. If others can induce China to communicate good King peaceful then brought troops invaded. But his heart is not ignoble, despicable as Western explorers.
"Deny all fame, he was only thinking of the business service in India he was visiting the popular masses. One gentlemen in that area, he was sitting in a separate projection of the world's great men in that place also. Translate that work as great as his business trips made from time Buddhism spread very quickly, very wide in the realms of East Asia, has made the brilliant Tang fame in the history of mankind.
New water is more than a month, he began work immediately to translate large-scale and absorbed as always for 19 years until his death.
I have for his scientific mind when reading the pages Journey, in which he very properly documented and meticulously from the terrain and climate to love people, customs ... he goes through the domain; the more carbon we for more see his translation organized a very methodical, very thoughtful, thought today, in an era of science is also not sure that agencies do more than is cultural. He was the temple in Chang'an Hoang Phuc, invited the monks through the United Sanskrit language and work with him again.
It began with the words transliterated Sanskrit to Chinese philosophy, write that word, then look in the United languages ​​to translate the words correctly, or if unavailable created.
Then divide the service, if someone is having a place to ask questions of the "service host", ie one having a comfortable place primarily, school erudition.
Translated book does a person read Sanskrit, a detector in the U.S. view has a place not close without translation; if possible, talk with owners to repair service.
Then left again on how to share information, chapters, paragraphs and punctuation are correct view. This work can be done immediately after the translation work, in front of the detector means.
Next to the sentence trimming back.
Finally, compare both the original and the translation again, see it properly and not skilled.
Xuanzang to translate business leaders and commanders hardest job translating other texts. In the first three years, he translated the nine types of business (among them two great Bodhisattva Buddhist Tibetan economic and business purposes); year 648, Emperor Taizong he brought it in Ngoc Hoa palace.
The king seated institutional preface "Every Great Tang Teaching of Tripitaka", then the wrong way to use a Buddhist monk United Greek letters Chi copy to carve up the beer. A great calligrapher Chu Liang Toai also why two copies, one inscribed on the temple from India Swallow Tower, a Dong Chau, two stone has still (according to Tran Ha).
This is a paragraph in this order:
"Now that he is a magician who Hsuan place practice leader. Small for the big screen, not the heart eight, soon awakened from the past, the gods love grow up, well before privatization both involve enough (...), mindful of the legal realm where each business thinking, to notice of the district, the consultation illusory concept wrong. Means to split the split probably, more extensive text Rien; kill puppet legs further, opening the school climate. So anxiously through playing realms West Province land, far away adventure, you alone martial (...). Area traveled west, seven ten odd years, the country approved the schedule, asking for primary education (...). The economic history of over, short texts collected three organs, flesh six hundred fifty seven books, translated into the diffusion take place China, to celebrate winning career. Defects that the Holy Catholic circles, commercial crime eternal life. Concentration quench fire Fire scouts, preferably out of the way love; deposited in wave-galaxy charity, sense stepped ashore. The porn industry knows evil people, improve conditions promoted by, promoted or excuse failure are by now a whole (...). These texts is expected throughout, including updated monthly spread very far from being debt leap, With an extensive wisdom, CHAU EAST translation. (Document above).
October of that year, Crown Prince built in Chang'an Pagoda from India and a field hospital in translating the temple, the new displacement Xuanzang's translation of it.
After ten years of his service again. In 660, he began translating sutras largest and most difficult, the Great Economic prajna. Disciples that he was very weak but the long experience, please translate short, he refused, for so sloppy that it harms the whole idea. He determined to translation, not more less. Consuming public is to consult prior to translation. Because the University has three different prajna experience, are brought about in India. Meet every place he thought suspicious, then dare to compare the pen down. By the end of 663, he translated the six hundred volumes.
In addition he has left to posterity are three more works:
Translation of the Sanskrit and German, to introduce Chinese philosophy with India.
Write the sign of the Western Lands, including 12 books copied all the things he saw and heard during his experience visiting 128 countries. This suite contains very precious material for archaeologists Central Asia, India and later translated into several languages: English, French, Russian, Japanese, German ... and has helped the Indian scholars revised lot mistakes in their history the 7th century.
Especially translations from Mahayana Awakening of Faith United back to the Sanskrit language. The original Sanskrit of India has lost a long time, but in China are still kept out kanji translation; now he translated back to reward the Indian religious teacher and friend had taught warm or welcoming he (according to Tran Ha).
To practice the great career, he held a life seriously. Every morning he set a program to translate many documents, if not days to complete the form to do night spots, no delay. Often he was on vacation the third watch, watch the years have taught, preached to more than 100 disciples, and then translated; day like today, year after year, always 19 years. Energetic effort to work with his real blockbusters.
As I said before Tsang had a few people such as former-ma-la-Cross translation of Buddhist scriptures. After his appeal Tsing through an additional four hundred Indian sutras, but not much service. We can say the following, two-thirds of public service is about his Buddhist.
According to Revelation Super Food that work not only makes Buddhism flourished in East Asia but also across major impact on language and Chinese literature.
Chinese term was enriched by three thousand and a half hours, based on the Buddhist college dictionary. There are English translations of Sanskrit hug as Nirvana, Sat-na (a very short time), bless (Buddhist temple) with Sanskrit language translation such as ignorance, sentient beings, predestined, legs like ... that additional language is an additional 35 000 35 000 idea.
Van prospectus prosper phone service because it is probably the choice for the simple language easily understood, therefore, give advice, using transparent device.
Cultural change. United Sanskrit and backgrounds. Through translation work that exposure, compromise between the two languages. Such as Buddhist, not damage from, for very good chance that page ... change, characteristics that affect one part to the Tang Dynasty literature, especially in terms of negative campaign.
- Office of the Chinese capital, but little imagination or theory of reading, thanks for reading stories in the Buddhist scriptures that modern imitation monster write a mystery novel. As the Spirit Collectibles Signature, and the Water Margin story, Hong Lau Mong latter are influenced by the Adornment Sutra, Nirvana.
Is there any writers poets in Tang Dynasty and the future lives that influence is not bothered?
But it is time that power failure was Xuanzang, self knew time was short. He remembered relatives and villages. The first said he was required at all, she was only a child. He was home, we all happy happy with my ancestors go ancestral graves. Still the spirit of a grape, despite more than forty years devoted to Buddhism. My soul is beautiful too.
One day, reminding his disciples: "Life is about to end. He lay down, do not draw anything slide presentation. Found wrapped in a cot and then buried in a valley, any place deserted, President Mich you? ". Before awakening him as president, said: "I see a big lotus flower in front of the eyes, strangely beautiful." Thirty-five years ago he saw a lotus from the sea led him to Buddhist mountains, this lotus will put him Buddha.
Mr. President February 5 th year German Lan whole year (644). April 14, a million people in Chang'an and healing to take him to the coffin buried in White Loc Nguyen [*]. Emperor Taizong then had ice; Emperor Gaozong ordered him and crying funeral was solemnly celebrated. Later, three thousand people to build a house in mourning at the tomb. In human history, from ancient times until now, no one is the honor of it. "
[*] The Grosset Rone, the pagoda from India. There are books in the temple arms. Bach Loc Nguyen is a piece of land near the temple From An affordable?
Before dying, he told Xuanzang, he died only in reference books that buried. This is what we need to learn. Where I have great people with his intelligence, what is more by his air. What all is lost. He even told, do not be buried near, buried in that deserted to avoid contamination.
Before going to appeal has also seen lotus. Now death is the lotus. END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY THICH CHAN TANH.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUNS.( GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.17/8/2012.NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).

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