B) Content
I / Definition:1 What is predestined?
This is the decisive factor, the conditions do arise, there's an existence. Coastal conditions are supported, making the human impact arises. For example, the grain of rice; factors such as soil, moisture, sunlight, people ... are predestined to sow grain (human) germination of rice development. Relationship Profile - charming indeed complex and subtle than many, especially in the world of the mind; and "predestined" tell all "cores - grace - the". "By grace" in the "twelfth predestined" implied "'s origination": reliance on each other that arise, depending on the development students, is precisely "because this is present, the other is present, because this one is not present, the other is not present, because this one student, the other students, so this kill, kill the other one."Twelve 2 What is predestined?
In the Samyutta II (Samyutta Nikaya), the Buddha of the twelve notes of conditions (dependent origination) as follows: "Due to ignorance, have committed students; due out, with food delivery; due form, have the mentality students; do mentality, with record entering students; due to continental integration, students can contact, by contact, affinity birth, so loving, with players born; do manually, there are abiotic, by ownership, have students living; students by students with aging and death, grief, lamentation, suffering, distress living brain, or whole dried aggregates birth. Origination This is called ". "Due to the extinction [2] greed, ignorance completely, of killing; by the method of killing to kill, by killing method should kill mentality; ...; birth and death due to aging and death, sorrow, suffering, distress brain death. Such is the cessation whole dried aggregates., bhikkhus , so called annihilation. " (Pp 1-2) Twelve are predestined Buddha defines two trends: trends arise (also known as flow : due to ignorance of birth ...) and the extinction direction (also called completely welded, o t: by cessation of craving, entirely ignorant of killing so ...). When twelfth predestined established (set start), ie the five aggregates [3] set start, and this is the dimension of suffering, samsara. When twelve cases this chain is broken (annihilation), the structure of the aggregates disintegrate also, and this is the path of peace and liberation. In aggregate it is the structure of human life. Human existence which speaks twelfth predestined operates vertically warm up. According to the presentation, ignorance is seen as the roots, the roots, the core of the twelve causes and conditions. However, do not misunderstand ignorance is the first cause of chain link. By Buddha, ignorance is predestined by birth, is dependent origination. When we have an affinity (positive), then ignorance will turn into mind, wisdom; this is the meaning "ignorance kills, intelligent students." Just a little note on the number of items (12 spending part) of this kind of Origination. Defines the above quote from Central II, is a typical presentation, including full details of the 12 sections. In some other texts, such as economic Coast University (School of Business Department II), doing four Coast (School A Function I) ... Buddha presented only include 5, 8, 10, 11 and 12 is the most complete cost share. This issue is of Buddhist Studies competent meticulously analyzed, and they all agreed, spending part of Section 12 may be determined by the contents of the Buddha meditating under the Bodhi tree. This is the kind of accurate, complete and consistent with human thinking. The difference in the cost of the item shown only in a flexible method taught by the Buddha, he depends on the level of the listener that speak briefly or in full. This will be clarified in the section on the operation of the twelfth predestined. Subjects listened twelve karmic teachings are human, because heavy attachment and clinging, so Buddha always emphasized This portion of the costs, particularly in the direction, path annihilation - liberation. When you love (or whatever the cost somewhat) arises immediately causal structure formation 12; and conversely, when the prime factors of kindness or (or a part of any cost) annihilated immediately causal chain 12 links that bound to disintegrate. This is also significant, but in conclusion stated that Sa Pipa University, said there is a detailed section Origination well, two, three, ... up to 12 spend part also.II) The meaning of section twelve of conditions:
1 Ignorance (Ignorance): confusion, ignorance intensity of consciousness; or in other words, ignorance is as true of conditioned existence, impermanence and no self independent invariants. 2 Action (sankhàra): motivation, the will to act artifacts (the out) of body, speech and mind. 3 Wake (viňňāna): human perception of the world through the eyes agencies such (consciousness), ear (ear-consciousness), nose (informal billion), tongue (gustatory), body (body form) and the mind (consciousness). 4 Mentality (NAMA - rùpa): identity is the physical and physiological, psychological identity is part. For humans, the physical body is sharp, the senses and their functions; list is the mind depends (mental), such exposure, attention, memory, sensation, perception, and investment. 5-Luc import (Chabbithana): there is a place called six origin, is the interaction between 6 units (= 6 internal origin : eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind) and their object is 6 ceiling (= 6 foreign origin configuration, sound, taste, smell, touch and ideas - law). 6 contact (Phassa): the encounter, contact, interference between the units (subjects) and ceiling (object). Specifically, the main contact is the contact between people and the world through the agency of consciousness 6. Note that, when there is knowledge arising from eye contact with the body (ceiling color), then the call is aware that new consciousness ... So, contact the meet, interference between units, ceiling and knowledge . 7- Life (Vedanta): the feeling. In other words is the psychological reactions arise when eye contact with the body, natural sound ... exposure to the exposure to ideas (methods). Feeling of three types: pleasant sensations (touch life), feeling uncomfortable (difficulty breathing) and neutral feelings (non-dried non-touch). This is material that people usually take to build the value of name is happiness and sadness, unhappiness. In fact, we are so interdependent, ever-changing, there is no self-fixity. 8 Ai (Craving): enough is known craving or desire: the bottlenecks, love, attachment; includes sexual love, kindness and great compassion formless. 9 Prime (upadana): enough is known attachment: the jam on, hold on, strap secures the mind on an object. Huu 10 (Bhava): the The interconnected to form, including sexual organic, organic and formless own identity. 11 Birth (Jati): the introduction, creating, appeared. Born here is not the baby's birth, which is the attainment of the components (the five aggregates), achievement of origin (the perceptual organs and their functions.) Age 12 elements (Jaramrana ): depression, decline, greater longevity, disintegrate, annihilate, death. With human life, which is expressed in the old death phenomena: loose teeth, gray hair, wrinkled skin, the body senses weakness and death.III) The operator of the twelfth predestined:
Through the significance of the twelfth predestined spending, especially spending part of continental integration, again confirming that this form is the doctrine of dependent origination talk about the people, because only people with the full body perception 6. Therefore, when talking about the operation of the twelfth predestined are also talking about a human operator. So do not recognize the existing (human world) is predestined harmony that arises, always turn and will not have a permanent self, the illusion of a human self: this is what I am and this is what my (Ignorance). Government and the illusion is suddenly disturbed mind, do arise craving, clinging ... And that is the motive for the actions of body, words and mind (Acts). Every time the idea of a self, there arises the consciousness. The existence of consciousness necessarily requires the presence of the knowing subject and object perception (Mentality, Luc entered). When base, ceiling and informal meet (Continental entered), the Promotion arise. Feeling (Life) is present even when the base, ceiling and other interferometry; feelings will flow like a waterfall without a power that can stop, because of the nature of the world feeling. Life including psychological reactions such objects are sad, happy, love, hate, neutral ... Feeling comfortable will give rise to attachment (Ai). In Ai implies attachment and it is manifested in various forms corresponding to the realm of consciousness (Friends). Born organic produce, and each time have had Birth, the process of weakening, disintegration, the loss will act as a natural consequence: that is aging and death, grief, lamentation, suffering, and tribulation; dry or sore is present. It is the operation of twelve causal direction arises (flow) - This afternoon operators is motivated ignorance, craving and clinging. In other words, this is the way of suffering, reincarnation is led and dominated by ignorance. During the twelve explanations of causes and conditions, the Buddha not only raises start road training, as analyzed in on, which he had just cause set start and end road segment (complete kill). Every time a detailed annihilated any portion of chain 12 links that bound (causal), then it automatically disbanded immediately. However, the human craving and clinging is the heaviest; Should cessation of craving or attachment shall within twelve causal chain is no longer a reason to exist. This is the meaning of the Buddha's teachings: "Ai kill nirvana." Operation of the twelfth predestined not simply a process of forming life (from conception to the present case to dinner last breath the same), but the operation of it (direction established - flow) says the cause of human presence (and life); it is not limited by time and space. Ever craving, attachment or not the cessation of ignorance, the people still affected by the operation of the twelfth predestined - that is still vicious in reincarnation, suffering endless pain - when the period of conditions 12 kill, meaning annihilated whole dried aggregates. IV) An explanation of the twelfth predestined: Twelve causal, or dependent origination, is the principle of all existence. It is true should not be limited in space and time. Buddha asserted that: "Coastal living is the essence of all existence, the truth does not change whether the Tathagata appears or does not appear". The existence of nuclear matter as small as atoms and as big as the universe is no exception to this principle. With such characteristics, twelve karmic doctrine can be used to illuminate many other issues in life such as reincarnation, cause and effect ... depends angle of the observer explains. There are only 4 ways to introduce popular explanation. 1 general format:
"Because this is present, the other is present, because this one is not present, the other is not present, because this one student, the other students, so this kill, kill the other one." (State Department of Business, tr.291). This format is the way outlined, and simple summary by the Buddha said. It is seen as a principle of all existence in the phenomenal world. More precisely, if the twelve causal origination own kind of people, the kind of general talk about the nature of the phenomenal world, especially the world do not have the knowledge (Gas world).Three generations of the two-storey 2 causality (cause and effect coincide closely Tam):
Three generations of the past, present and future (future). According to this interpretation, and ignorance of the past practice; Current expenditure includes 8 sections (from food to property); Birth and death belong to the future age. On the other hand, consciousness, mind and matter, the continent is treated as the current results of the past and of ignorance, this is the first causal story. The cost share life, love, and friendship is the procedure for current and future results are born and old elements; this is the second result class. The collaboration between the two classes with the grace of causality creates a relationship seems tight, the continuity of the flow of time: past - present - future. Through this interpretation, the twelve tenets dump karmic reincarnation to explain clearly demonstrated. However, such division would easily lead to a misunderstanding, ignorance and act as only in the past, detailed sequel 8 only in the present, birth and death, the man of the future (! ). Indeed, in the present (and even within each cost component) were present ignorance. When a detailed section is immediately present existence of eleven spending the rest. If any part of a detailed linkage is absent, 12 causal factors of self-collapse. As analyzed, twelve is a causal continuum, interlaced, does not depend on time (past, present or future). This explanation accidentally crude and simplified twelfth predestined doctrine - a doctrine which is considered very deep and delicate clothing.3 Cause and effect simultaneously:
When you say "Due to ignorance of the students ...", do not understand is born of ignorance. Between ignorance and out ... is the relationship linear causality, unilateral; means that the expenditures for the twelve existing causal factor depending on time (before - after). This explanation says that, even in a moment [4] was the existence of the full cost of the 12 sections. When the idea of a deviant and what my ego (self) is present, immediately present the causal chain of continuity: the will to create work (out), perceptual discrimination and attachment (knowledge) .. . come aging and death, grief, lamentation, suffering, distress brain. Each part has a cost that is the result both of the other expenses, we nurture each other.4 The existence of a human life (network based):
One third decisive factor to form a fetus is now official existence reincarnate. This is now the result of ignorance and past practice. Conception stage is time and matter are present. Luc is entering the fetal stage fully formed units. Infants nursed stage is the stage of contact. Children aged 3-5 are formed at life. From here onwards, according to this interpretation, the expression of the past now, children are not the evil effects to create the current industry. When the kids are happy, sad, good, loving hate ... it's time, capital, property and the formation of this new phase is a cause that child to bring networking to form a new body in the future (birth, aging-mail ).V) A corollary of the doctrine of the twelve causes and conditions:
1 People (and life) is the existence of twelve causal structure, so there is no independent self and permanence. Man is master of his life, by twelve tenets of conditions for the truth: "Could not find a creator, a Brahman, or the other, do all of the life cycle rotation ; only the phenomenon progresses, depending on the conditions "[5]. 2 People and life is selfless, not self as a constant (very often), so the potential of each person are hide a possibility of enlightenment, and life always have the opportunity to build more robust. 3 When a causal spent twelve eleven operational means spending the rest and operated. This speaks of common space between "a" and the "all", beyond the concept of space and time, which can confirm the existence of these unseen.
C) Conclusion
1 Twelve karmic doctrine of man and tell the people listening audience. Because people trapped in severe ignorance, love and attachment to particular Buddha emphasized this when the cost of human practice guidelines for the purpose of liberation, enlightenment.2 Twelve causal, or origination, not a doctrine to confront ego or to explain the world; that this is true and is a practice of liberation practical for humans. Therefore, this doctrine is the basis of right view (the first of the Noble Eightfold Path). In other words, the right view is a comprehensive view, as the truth about the law is so interdependent. 3 non-self or liberation, nirvana is not an empty state, which is the idea of an empty permanent self. In other words, it is the present state of ignorance, craving and clinging. 4 All values in life are relative, conditioned by life is always smooth and can not grasp. 5 Existence or life of the existing multilateral relationships between people with people, between people and the social environment, natural environment ... When a person is living well is contributing building a good society, and vice versa. Each person must take responsibility for the community, by the community is built protecting individuals themselves. 6 Twelve of conditions, or general doctrine of dependent origination, is a doctrine very delicate and difficult to understand , by people already familiar with the self mindset from beginningless. Want a proper awareness about this doctrine requires observation and thinking constantly about it. Thinking and practice twelfth predestined doctrine (in pm cessation), make sure that each step will bring the practitioner a generous life, forgiveness, liberation and peace in the present. Because as Buddha's teachings: "Anyone who has seen the show Origination France, who saw France as seen Buddha (I)" . Seeing Buddha is the ultimate reality show, beyond all bonds of selfhood world - is limited by ignorance, craving and attachment are.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=THE EIGHTFOLD PATH.NAM MO SAKYA MUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.17/8/2014.
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