Friday 10 February 2012

BUDDHIST INFLUENCE ON THE IDEOLOGICAL AND MORAL PHILOSOPHY.

 
As described in section A, we see that Buddhism was introduced into Vietnam from the BC era, and survival, development and harmony with this nation until today. If time is a measure of truth, with that history, Buddhism has asserted its dignity in the land. In the areas of social, political culture especially considering the aspect of ideology, then Buddhism has directly or indirectly contribute to form a conception of life and activities for people of Vietnam. This section will explore the ideas, the Buddhist doctrine has influenced people of Vietnam and how Vietnam had absorbed the ideas, the Buddhist doctrine of the star.

1.Ve thoughts:

Ideas or basic doctrine of Buddhism is morality Dependent Origination, the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Three of this principle is the foundation for all Buddhist sects, as well as original Mahayana ingrained in the hearts of the Vietnamese people.

Director of Dependent Origination is a scientific and objective view of current world . Interdependence means that reliance mutual survival and existence. Not only did the events of the world as a human, failure, rage, think that all the phenomena of the natural world such as grass, trees, flowers, leaves also obey the law of dependent origination that life, existence and target damage. There are four types of conditions should be distinguished: one is of Dependent Origination. You can call the closest conditions, such as causal grain of rice. Secondly predominance is the condition for karmic materials such as fertilizer and water for rice predominance. Thirdly, the Department Duyen Duyen ie conditions that cognitive objects, fourth Level of contiguity is unbroken continuity, necessary for the generation of growth and survival.

Law of causality should be observe and apply the principle of dependent arising can call the Buddhist law of karma, the moral condition to be borne, a single person can never born fruit, and a person always plays game results, for an entity. Doctrine of karma, the retribution of karma Buddhism was introduced in our country very soon. This teaching course, life has become very clear belief of Vietnam who are knowledgeable, have thought. It is known dining options in kind, though at least it is the result of natural quiet of karma, it is not only suitable for ordinary men, but also to the intellectual influence. It can be said that all Vietnamese people more or less influenced by this teaching. So reincarnation of retribution had taken bold in popular literature, literary scripts, Kanji, from ancient times until now to guide each generation that illuminate the human mind on Human results of karma that acts so nice to bring peace to human happiness. Even ten year old child knows well the natural question: "false evil for evil." They spoke very true statement circumstances of what happened to the enemy, or "it did not run from the heat." On the other hand they understand that karma is not the industry that can change, so that repair themselves, the evil practice of good parts. Lives in life, sudden disasters, events that happen to them, they think that religious life before his awkward way to meet new tribulations. No land shall than heaven, and resigned themselves to put forth effort to transform ingrained province other karma. Nguyen Du has shown that this idea of Kieu:

Place or in the sky


God has other relatives who were captured


Getting to room ceiling room ceiling


For the new high bar high bar

Or:

There are also sun that we


From the roots appeal, the petitioners are wired

If we grasp the principle of karmic cause and effect that, then we can move right in the life industry. The purpose of the transformation of enterprises, replicate individuals is to be the ultimate wisdom. Beginning of the transformation of the industry began to change from good and evil karma three professional body, speech and mind of the individual. Not imagine sitting around to the good results will come to mine. From the good karma, reduce evil, we will gradually create for metabolism and have a happy life alone for the present and future generations.

2.Ve morality:

Was the most influential moral teachings of compassion, peaceful spirit, curious student of Buddhism has affected and deeply instilled in the hearts of the Vietnamese. This all we can see through people and thought of Nguyen Trai (1380-1442), a writer and political thinker extraordinaire South Vietnamese, he was smart to apply moral compassion and turn it into sugar the politics of a successful and very famous in the history of Vietnam. He said that in That declaration that:

The human population that remains at rest


Military cigarettes before lo fine except violence

By the way:

Get great cause to win a ferocious


Bring people to press instead of intense violence

So when victory invaders, for prisoners Ming, we not only do not kill, but also for boats, food and water to them.

God did not kill Universe


Open our hearts heaven upon earth understand student

The spirit of compassion as pity this has turned into folk proverbs are very popular among the masses Vietnam as "healthy leaves dum tear leaves," or

The noise of the mirror to get price


The inhabitants of the country to trade with each other

That's fishing, proverbs that any person that Vietnam always immersed in and by heart, say selfless kindness of the people of Vietnam.

In addition to moral compassion, the Vietnamese also affected profound doctrine of Buddhism is morality Tu An, including parents grace, chief grace, the grace and favor country beings. This principle is built in a sequence consistent with the psychological development of the Vietnamese people's feelings. Love the people began to distance themselves from parental love, spreads relative to love in social relationships with your teachers, fellow homeland and extended to the high country for human life on this universe. Especially in the quarterfinals moral grace, the grace we see parents who are very prominent and deeply affected the emotional and moral standards of the Vietnamese. Because Buddhism is very studious attention to behavior, and the Buddha preached the subject in many different business model Business Newspaper Inserts Press, Business Thai Essence, economic Tu Hieu, economic series, economic virtue of patience, experience Vu Lan .. referred to the merits of nurturing parents, says: "want to work in the world, nothing but nourish the great merit of the parents" (Business Thai Essence), or economic virtue of patience taught, "with good deeds nothing more than taste, good with evil is no more than disloyalty. " By paying special attention to Buddhist filial how life should be appropriate for traditional morality of ethnic Vietnamese.

Overall, the taste of grace in the sense of expansion have the same object taken is aimed at the body , parents, country, people, beings, the universe, that is their habitat, including spiritual beings anymore. Tu An ethics also shared the motivation is compassion and equanimity makes us live in harmony with society, with nature to move towards true happiness and free schools. From the basis of ideological and moral philosophy has helped the Vietnam Buddhist Sangha have formed a unique identity of its very distinct in Vietnam, contributing to a rich and diversified culture of the spirit Vietnamese people.

II. Influence of Buddhism through the process of inculturation Vietnam

Buddhism is legal uncertainty, always flexible and based on the circumstances of their birth to complete the mission to save his suffering. In the spirit of that custom type invariant conditions that Buddhism made ​​myself a boundless vitality, overcome the separation of geography, culture, religion, ideology, time, space .... Mental conditions is to change depending on circumstances to be able to sentient beings, the constancy is liberation from all suffering, birth and death. But Buddhism has always been integrated with all faiths and cultural traditions of the countries in the world. When introduced into a country with a separate living nuances and specific, such as China, a country with an enormous oriental thought, when transmitted to the Buddhist civilization has reached its peak of it, but in the history of philosophy known as Chu Bach Family (15), hundreds of similar initiatives from his doctrine. If at that time China has 10 representative thinkers such as Yin and Yang family, Music reviews, Confucianism, Legalism, evaluate, hypocrisy, Farmers novelist Buddhism .. it does not stop the bowl to beg, a sheet of yellow robes that Buddhist life went on in ten schools such as Zen, Pure Land, Hua-yen, the fact Tong Tong Kosa .. Ten schools of Buddhism with this rub shoulders with ten lines of indigenous thought to come into my life, not only to the ordinary men that Buddhism also went straight to the palace, on with the heads of state (16). In Japan, why? Japan is a country that is considered nheu spiritual food in the world. Not only is pleasure for the taste, hearing that most of the spiritual sense. At the scene, Buddhism has quickly come into flower, the tea finally raised it into a religion. the tea ceremony or flower. In Vietnam we are like? In the process of inculturation the influence of Buddhism has affected and created the Vietnam Buddhist Sangha have the following peculiarities:

1.Anh entitled Buddhism through harmony with the traditional beliefs:

When transmitted to Vietnam, Buddhism was exposed immediately to the indigenous beliefs, thus incorporating the faith. Icon Temple of Justice (17) really is just the temples of folk deities worshiped natural Clouds, Rain, Thunder, lightning and stone churches. Architecture of the temple is a fine post-Vietnam along with the worship of God in the temple of the gods, the gods, the tutelary hero of the land and people .. Because of this liberal spirit of the consequences arising superstition within Buddhism as for tattoos, fortune hexagram, for the same .. foreign researchers were surprised to see Buddhism in Vietnam easily tolerated by the polytheistic beliefs of the indigenous nations in the region when there is no (19). There should be gotten rid of the traditional beliefs from Buddhism? Still a very delicate issue, however, we must recognize that spirit of tolerance and liberal Buddhism in Vietnam is one of the notable features.

Two. Influence of Buddhism through harmony with other religions:

It is the result of coordination and crystallization of Buddhism with Confucianism and Taoism director, was the king of the Ly publicize and legitimize. Because of this characteristic and this compromise that Buddhism in Vietnam has become the traditional beliefs of the Vietnamese people. It is neither Buddhist India or China, Hinayana or Mahayana, but it is all spiritual trends of the Vietnamese people. It really is the "Nhi Dong Qui capital", with the intent that a different way, the liberal spirit of the Vietnam Buddhist Sangha have crystallized get Truthfulness, Compassion, America do to make the goal. Confucianism was the goal made by way of compassion, ethical behavior is to get to America and is consistent with Chan. Taoism was made by way of cure-American, that is art psychotherapy to get to good and consistent with Chan. Buddhism the goal was made by way of enlightened wisdom to arrive at consistent Truth and Goodness. That is the reality of mental Nhat Tam Vi tam Church of Vietnam. For centuries three religions images with Shakyamuni patriarchs in between, Lao Tzu and Confucius left the sect was imprinted on the minds of the Vietnamese people.

3. Influence of Buddhism through harmony between Buddhism:

This is a very unique characteristics of Buddhism in Vietnam compared to other neighboring Buddhist countries. Such as Thailand, Sri Lanka, Laos, Cambodia, only the Southern Buddhists, in Tibet, China, Japan, Mongolia, only pure Mahayana Buddhism. But in Vietnam, to harmonize and coordinate both Theravada and Mahayana. The spirit of contract because the contract of the Buddhist community in the spirit of the Buddhist Liberal Vietnam have the same results. But any established guidelines Zen texts, but in Vietnam the old and the teacher has left many valuable writings, especially the monastery chanting in Vietnam that type gong as the monasteries Pure tones. Zen Chi Pi Ni Saved Password associated with the Church, there are many sects as his Zen master Van Hanh, Tu Dao Hanh, Nguyen Minh Nothing is better known in the magic exorcism, healing.

This unique here is that while the expansion of Buddhism in Vietnam, the Vietnam teacher did not follow the pattern of Zen meditation that India and China open take a separate path, consistent with the nation. And while the receiver with two sets of influences that, the teacher has skillfully Vietnam adjusting for the bipolar, Indo-China: one side is so fanatical about flying ham, mysticism, a practical side too rationalism. When Buddhism in China has caused the Buddhist lively debate about the teaching. Then throughout the course of its history as the birthplace of religious sects, is the ideological struggle violently, notably the struggle between the Southern Zen Zen Sex Hui Neng of the body from the North way to very early times. In Vietnam, the other, on the French thought the Ly and Tran dynasty, the golden age of Buddhism in Vietnam and later periods there are no contradictory opposites that all rules on a purpose is religious freedom. Is the unity of conscious thought, tolerance among all sects and ethnic solidarity that shaped Vietnam Buddhist path that unity reconcile?

4. Influence of Buddhism through harmony with the socio-political generation:

Buddhism is a religion but of the world, but Vietnam is Buddhism advocates in the world, the spirit of this lively entry that is the most prominent of the Dinh, Le, Ly, Tran. During this time the monks are learned, morality thing has been invited to the court or counsel in the work of national importance. There are several reasons why the teacher Vietnam to participate in politics, first: they are educated people, a sense of country living close to understanding the suffering of a people many of the foreign domination. Secondly, the teacher did not mean life paintings throne the king should be confident and third: the teacher is not bigotry to the theory of central forces (known only to serve the king only) as part of the grapes so they can collaborate with any king crest happiness to people. King Dinh Tien Hoang Ngo Chan meditation room Save as Sangha, the Tien Le Van Hanh with him, he Thuan Do the French, he also participated flavorful Vietnamese government. In particular it has been Zen Master Van Hanh construction of the Ly dynasty when put up as King Ly Cong Uan, ending the brutal regime of Le Long Dinh, Crouching Korea king who was nicknamed the block negotiations on sugar cane Professor. Tran Dynasty with the Da Bao teacher, teacher Telecommunications .. what are the kings of confidence in the country to discuss the court as advisers.

to the 20th century, Buddhist Vietnam are eager to participate in social activities as a campaign calling for freeing Phan Boi Chau. To date, Thieu (1959-1975), too, the monks and lay people to actively participate southern movement fighting for peace and independence for the nation, notably the political dialogue between Buddhist monks and government. By the late 20th century, we see the spirit of this type also has increasingly promoted, it is the presence of the teacher in Vietnam (20) in the parliament of the country.

Five. Buddhist influence in the life of ordinary people and intellectuals Vietnam:

Like all peoples of the world from East to West, from South to North Vietnam at the initial belief and worship all the strength of tangible or intangible which they said could help them or harm to them as clouds, rain, thunder, lightning, fire and wind .. In the context of this polytheistic religion, Buddhism has emerged and quickly too close over the image of France in the tank, the first Buddhist temple in Vietnam at Luy Lau (now Hebei), that is the subject of Van French, French Dance, French and France took Lei, a living image and close to the rural population in asking blessings and fortune, for the island, pray, pray for all what human life requires. Buddhists during this early notion that the Buddha is the savior, who can give you all the best.

In the beginning of Buddhism in Vietnam brought the shadow of Theravada Buddhism and esoteric teachings, thus be easily attached to the right note, begging my blessings and fortune rather than intellectual discipline and meditation. Furthermore, the calculated life was superior direction in the mass majority of women in Buddhism, which is the most suffering class in the old society.

to the Ly, many Zen masters from China and set more established sect, spontaneous movement and thrive in intellectual, royal, urban areas, but in ordinary men still exist a certain Buddhist folk with influences from emotional capital before. By King Ly Dynasty, Chen supporters, Buddhist activities are present throughout hang freely, also village temples tower, one literacy, economic education, festivals, water puppet performances, marketplace right in front of the temple

Wat village has a role of cultural and spiritual center of the village community in Vietnam, the temple is not only preached prayer, worship Buddha but also the meeting place. heterotrophic spirit, sightseeing tour. Because the temple architecture of Vietnam are in harmony with the natural landscape, creating an architecture in harmony with the surroundings. The scene is in line with hours of rest after hours of hard work and spirit of the nutrition of aging.

By the fifteenth century, Confucianism replaced Buddhism foot in the area of social superstructure, Buddhism goodbye palace, but remained firm in the village. House appears to absorb some of the architecture and Buddhist art, and became the administrative center of the village temple ⮍ only open doors for women, girls moan, when her husband was arrested praying wife , son arrested debts, illnesses, loss of hunger and cold season .. Buddha for blessing. Bodhisattva or Buddha She preferred the old. As a result, today we see the statue of Guan Yin thousand eyes thousand hand in Thap Pagoda (Hebei Province) carved in 1656. The statue is beautiful, but is created at the time Buddhism no longer revered as the state religion, Buddhism proved ingrained in your mind and culture and folk art.

generally not difficult to find when we wipe markers Buddhism in conception and folklore that can be detected without the presence of Buddhism in Vietnam, we will lose more than half of monuments and landscapes that we are proud to present, will not Perfume Pagoda bustling, busy busy day pilgrimage in early spring, no superbly Tay Phuong Pagoda, Yen Tu Pagoda no clouds, no Keo Pagoda surface, do not have mirrors itself Thien Mu Pagoda on the river Huong.Va did not have the full folk stories from humanity as consciousness, temporarily banned story, Quan Am Thi Kinh story .... There will not be celebrated festivals such as the Lim Pagoda Assembly .... and in the mind away from traditional ideas of giving selflessly, please enjoy the good and firm belief in a brighter future, optimistic spirit away innocent Vietnamese people.

Indeed, Buddhism has side effects throughout all strata of society in Vietnam, not only popular but also among intellectuals in again.

Zen Buddhism in Vietnam and developed a deep impact in the intelligentsia, the supply families from the Family (968-980), pre-Le Dynasty (980-1009) to the Ly (1010-1225) had brought in her a spirit of Vietnam, which is the birth of a new sect, sect mellitus by Ly Tong a king his head out. But development Zen glow Vietnam especially in the Tran period (1226-1400) with the ups and downs just recently thought of the liberal teacher Tran dynasty were learned in the course work of Chen Hu Lu Nhan Tong, French speakers, Huyen Quang has made ​​Vietnam respects academic scholarship at that time would brighten up. Special appearance Truc Lam Yen Tu Zen, by the founder of Vietnam, all shown to be fully characterized and originality of the Vietnamese and it has left an imprint in history unique culture of Vietnam to this day.

Buddhism not only affected the lives of ordinary people and intellectuals but also affect the root of the humanities and social

III. Influence of Buddhism to the root of humanity and society:

In everyday life as well as in Vietnam literature there are many words or less influenced by Buddhism to many users including those with little education . But not everyone knows the words are derived from Buddhism, such as when we see who are in need, suffering mercy, we were told "too poor". The word poor is the jargon of Buddhism. According to Buddhism is guilty of professional poor, created earlier by the industry, leading to accidents or incidents today, according to Buddhism is not a phenomenon accident or incident occurs is random or accident, which is just the result of many causes file created earlier. The reasons that (Buddhists call it causal) when ripe, they produce results. Everyone's talking about the poor but not many people know that it was a word said to a very fundamental doctrine of the Buddha: "retributive karma" theory also goes deep into the folk perception of how such "reap as we sow, sow wind storms" or popular verses:

The almond trees grown players


We plant faith to life tomorrow

Or when you want to describe something so much, we use the word "exponentially". If asked countless definitely is something few people understand exactly, they just know that's saying a lot, by the ancient Buddha often preached near the Ganges basin (Gange) in India, so as to describe a figure so much, he numbers such as the Ganges sands. Or if there are any noise, we were told "vociferous prajna", so when the temple in the days of penance in the temple enjoy the free transfer prajna, which arises out of that phrase. Then there is a vagrant, rarely stopping at a place, when people ask me where to go forever, they answered me "was her world." Her world is our world of Buddha teaching, according to the Buddhist worldview, the world she was to me several times this globe, or when she scolded Indonesia Vietnam or disruptive children , and she said: "We flew the green map hackers", but they do not know from this force comes from? It is from the Buddha, for six months only enemy: color, sound, smell, taste, touch and external measures of airflow always harass us. A word is so deep, but the spread of Buddhism in Vietnam Vietnam has been said of becoming the mother scolded Vietnam. All Japanese Zen master in his life Tay Nguyen Tam Church Mortgage, which states that:

And as the enemy in his six,


There should stir us to maneuver it

Yao also other terms such as compassion, equanimity, enlightenment, repentance was familiar with the people of Vietnam as their mother tongue without any strange embarrassment. Buddhist influences are constantly in the range of terms that it was widespread, deeply rooted in the folk songs and folk poetry of the people of Vietnam again.

Two. Buddhist influence through folk songs and poetry

Folk folk verse is a kind of oral tradition, folk understandably, been handed down from generation to generation. No one knows the origin of the words that sing where, just know that it typically takes the form of lullaby my question, the question of meeting date between the boys or girls twenties to the end of each fairy tales that tell the old man heard the children suggest that the nature of teaching. Common folk folk Alexandrine form includes many different topics, thoughts of Buddhist religious fathers also often mentioned in folk songs folk songs under the subject or aspect to remind warnings and tips that teach, for the purpose of building a happy life in accordance with ethical traditions of the people of Vietnam.

The influence of the temple:

It can be said in the hearts of every people of Vietnam are contain more or less to Buddhist philosophy and the pictures of the temple, the Buddha, over thousands of years closely connected with the villages of Vietnam:



Land king, temple village, landscape Buddha

Land king, temple village is a picture close to people, with the village, with such countries, if someone offends God, Buddha is also interpreted as offensive to morality, to country. In that spirit the people of Vietnam to protect the temple as one of his hometown:

Dong Nai never dry

Thien Mu Pagoda wrong crushed new curse

Where is the temple, a Buddhist, there are spots, the pride of their homeland:

Ba Den Mountain in Tay Ninh

There Vam Co river, with buildings Cao Son

In the ancient capital of Hue:

Dong Ba and Gia Hoi bridge two

There are four Noble Truths second floor temple bell

In the ancient Thang Long:

Kiem Lake invite each other to see the scene

Show me Huc, Ngoc Son temple view

Like many other people, the Vietnamese have many festivals, the temple festival is a higher proportion of all:

Me th March seven


Return to Assembly Lang, became the Assembly Master

Me th March six


Go eat rice with tomato Temple Assembly of the West (West Temple).


Whether they go and


Critical that the tank tower is about


Although hundreds of professional traders who


Me on the eighth of Assembly Strawberry


Although parents beat hanging


I do not give full moon day Keo Pagoda festival


Regarding the influence of the temple bell:

Vietnam Folk capital by way of night-time in farming, or engraved on six chickens, but usually when the bird is the bell, the drum of the temple:




The wind that is building momentum as
She bell spiritual life soup bones
On the temple bell was

Tho Xuong chickens were crows, birds on the source asked

Or:

Braid con afternoon traffic farming


The drum beat why do not the temple clause


On taste perception influence behavior:

As a Vietnam can not respect your father and mother, and grateful faith has become insulated nature, ingrained in the hearts of the Vietnamese people. Essence and spirit of this noble that is not natural, which is due to the influence of an education, a cultural organization to the ancient, commensurate with the thought and customs of the nation Vietnam. Of all the effects, the largest and most extensive is also the influence of Buddhism, a religion, an education to the nation were present from the beginning of AD, which is the Buddhist filial piety , the teachings of the Buddha on gratitude and thanked parents reported feeling bold in our thinking of the Vietnamese, and has shown flexibility and constant cross folk folk songs, which we found filled popular throughout Vietnam:




The father as Mount Tai
Mean mother as water from flowing
Honor your father and mother as one church
One Heart is the human taste


Or

The high mountains vast sea


Isle nine between heart burn my son

Dear scenes of temples, Buddha statues, but still curious behavior of children put on for the thanks to him for parental nurturing during birth or how small, toward their hardships. Therefore:

Radio Buddhist temple to see religious


See her elaborate home not spending.

As well as commercial glass parents, children should always pray to Buddha bless sun from two relatives who:

Buddhist pray every night sky


Demand for parents with children living away


In fact, immediate care center has taste, taste very happy issuance fee, fulfill our duty to the child's parents is one of the practices of the Buddha:


Where religious practice by the


His mother glass church is true practitioners


Or go up the shrine of King


Organize the mother church, temple church fathers up


Concept of causal effects:

The Vietnam have generally the same for private as fame vanity, evil and harm to people asking for pain. Eat in the honest and well see how good things, good luck and happiness:




Who Ride in for good

This life not having to spend the next life.

Parents as prisoners to merit offspring were subsequently through:

Trees are also green leaf


Gentle parents to faith for me.

Across the fishing knives Vietnam's image of the temple, on the concept of filial behavior, the concept of cause and effect, we see the influence of Buddhism deeply rooted in the life of the people of Vietnam. The profound effect not shown by ordinary folk, but also accounts for much in this kind of poetry, verse, prose, generally scholarly literature in the literature of Vietnam.

3. Buddhist influence over the literature:

Besides the popular folk songs, in the literary works of the poets and writers we find many poems and works more or less influenced by Buddhism. Here we do not mention the mainstream literature of Buddhism, ie by the teacher works composed during his practice, which only comes to poetry influenced Vietnam's philosophy Buddhist reasons only. The effect that since Buddhism was introduced to the Vietnamese, Chinese character also means that when the rage, but to see more clearly, we only mention the influence of Buddhism in the Vietnamese poetry since Nam wrote the script, the Vietnamese language proficiency that is beginning to the 18th century onwards.

Nom famous works in the eighteenth century Palace of the poet Khuc Soak Curse of Vietnam Nguyen Gia Thieu (1741 -1798), works of poetry written in Nom. But lost to the green bowl, 356 sentences long, the song of the maidens were soaked king abandonment, resentment than on their status. Content of the work was much influenced by Buddhism, especially the three legal publications philosophy impermanence, suffering, selflessness. In describing the human condition which brings suffering and impermanence, he wrote:

God fame mud gray color phase


Front room ceiling sun tan oil smell


Think how that pain itself accordingly


Bubbles in the sea of ​​misery, the dirt with her mother.

According to the Buddhist perspective, describing the suffering of beings is often used as metaphors hard one (tank size). Where was suffering from that, which from work attachments, ignorance of people that have, from the delusion that that is envisioned by the new love (mother's side), thus the name of Buddhism from tank suffering has helped Mr. Nguyen Gia Thieu thorough description of human suffering, the sorrows, the impermanence that not only the humans but also in plants, flowers, leaves, unknowingly world, all under general rule was harsh:

Text of HR has finished


Son Ha also virtual, insect damage also


Statutory requirements of aquatic sit inert stock


Self-standing customary lull us raise


Rooms painted ceiling to the complicated


Miserable to all the other flowers of this grass


Solidarity flew out of here


Students see that life line dau


Hundred years is nothing here


It is just a stage of green grass mushrooms

People and things were impermanent and suffering like that, nothing more to cover mortgage, run it without finding a path to liberation from the cycle and that cycle? Review As I listen to almost make the final solution and decided:

I would rather borrow the Buddhism pleasure


Termites put an end to lost love is complete,


Expenditure again brought the pass held,


Glad the mistress of that desire.


Get the cool wind which means moon,


Borrow to negotiate, make coastal property torch


Died a natural drainage heels


The first body is a foreign object in life

Reviewing a few paragraphs in the same bank resentment song, Almost As we see Wen Tam philosophy used to remind the French Indian life. The wording funereal trade and human and tragic life, but we all have to admit that song is also resentment soaked first novel in the history of ethnic Vietnamese literary repertoire used by sense (23) in which the Buddhist philosophical ideas played a key role.

Through the nineteenth century, the poet Nguyen Du (2765-1820), we have a written plan is immortal poems, is a poetry written in Nom can search based on the work bowl of Kim Van Kieu story of Thanh Nhan Tam Tai (China), comprising 3254 verses. This is a poetry greatly influenced by Buddhism, in which we find most striking is the theory of Suffering God, an important part of teaching the Four Noble Truths, then the spirit of piety and theories of causation and retribution. That is reasonable, since the Nguyen Du describes himself as a Buddhist and had access to the Diamond Sutra Prajna thousand times.

Indeed, Tan Thanh The school seems just to prove cause and effect philosophy of Buddhism. According to this theory, the painting being that people have to suffer in this life that is in my past life karma, life at birth in the industry we must assume that is the result of ignorance, craving that we caused created, and our life will be happy or miserable, or fortunate disaster depends on good or bad karma, good or bad, heavy or light that has caused his own creation:

Industry has on the body bore


Do not blame the sky near the sun and away

But according to Buddhism, karma is not the industry, is out of turn, so he was confident:

Master painting that being the sun

Roots but also by the thought of the


There are also sun that we


From the roots appeal, the petitioners are wired

In the new school Kieu bar to carrying a heavy industry. Because the industry was that the blue girl sex crimes do not step into a new life met so many suffering progressive ج father and brother imprisoned, his first love broken apart, and then she started rolling from place to another building, with the idea out of the ring but then again drawn damnation, until suicide in the Qiantang River, New Dam Tien said that she has passed from the school steps and going to live a bright happy life:

She stars Thick thin sections,


The old life was so easy to please this one?


Mental lens to the sky


Itself is curious, as rescue workers.


A conviction for water for the people

Take a volume to weight the old.


Withdraw the window period


Paragraph longevity pay earned each


Also enjoy the following conditions


Coast past full, after being abundant.

Through the idea of ​​merit, on the karma of The School of Tan Thanh Nguyen Du particular we see clearly the profound influence of Buddhism. Kieu known how things stand in sinking a professional letter, every failure is a sense of the word is increasingly clear poignant for her destiny. Her trust is the trust of Nguyen Du, who had suffered and how phen failure should wake up and find your way back with the Dhamma. In addition to The School of Tan Thanh, Nguyen Du wrote oration being cross type known as Vespers soul, is a work that is deeply influenced by Buddhist philosophy:

Cell line such as student life photo


There are letters that period no context


Who or grab our Buddha


Super natural escape in reincarnation.

If in the nineteenth century we Nguyen Du, the nineteenth century we have Chu Manh Trinh (1862-1905) U.S. poet Phu Thi village, Khoai Chau, Hai Hung province, he passed doctorate in 1902. As a talent for poetry, and like good architecture, he has designed and renovated in Huong Tich Thien Tru Pagoda. At the same time (between the years 1891 to 1892) built this temple which he had composed many poems unique landscape Huong Tich and his poetry is of course influenced by the spirit of Buddhism, such as all, "Huong Son Landscape":

Whose sky interesting Huong Son landscape


Wish so long


Behold non non, the water, clouds, clouds.


First question that this action does?


Likewise, tomorrow whispering forests left,


Hole slot oats, fish listening experience.


One hour run time rival ear,


Customers mourning customs startled in a dream.

Indeed through these poems, we see Chu Manh Trinh's poetry reflects his confidence for the Buddhist teachings through the eyes and a scene in which he was liberated, peaceful, quiet, and can be said Huong Son landscape with his own to become a Buddha realms in which not only Christians but for the whole bird, fish, slots, are immersed in the light of Dharma.

By the second century fifty, we have a lovely poet, though not Buddhists, but sometimes he has also written poetry of more or less influence from the language, Buddhist thought, that the poet Han Mac Tu ( 1912-1940), please send a single of his poems:

I am calm mystical poetry aromatic


Compassion grows Director


When we are old bird Phoenix


Flapping flight heavens towering nine


Bay from Dao Li, to heaven, and Performance


Long live the gas meeting the chief results


Word of meditation magical blue color


Crushing our dreams amid telecom customers


God touched compassion welled mist


Fly in the wind Sao soul who leaves

The word compassion sun, nine heavens, Dao Li, What rate, the district .. results are nouns of the Buddha. Or with J. Leiba (24) Vietnam a young poet early 20th century there are also deeply influenced Buddhist philosophy:

Buddhist infinite beings


Friends from the drop with floating life


Who want to watch stained ceiling rate,


Please double over the age of green.


The center is clean and oil spill


Heart from the king a little time


The birth rate in the continental talus


How wire force petitioners lifetime.

It can be said J. Leiba is the youngest poet days are turning to Buddhism to find your peace of mind for the last days of his life:

How consistent has more karma than


Le willingness to choose am not


A ceiling of meditation plays off coast


Forget all the familiar place rose bushes

Vu Hoang Chuong and with (1916-1976) another famous poet of Vietnam is far from over, borrowing even the teachings of the Buddha as Causation, morality, suffering .. to describe the desire to transcend from parents, to the sensory terminals:

I left what?


Behold the young rock slides, cut by this river


Wander test cycle


Fragrant Palm Leaves VGT ago, distant miles


Overlooking the wharf or parents


Collection of thousands of shutters, four surface a.

Through some poetry that Vietnam has the influence of Buddhism as seen on the mind, Buddhist philosophy has left his mark on the board deep thoughts of Vietnam. Not only literary influence on Buddhism published but also in many traditions in Vietnam.

4. Influence of Buddhism through the customs and practices:

Customary show performances and cultural characteristics of each nation. Through understanding the customs, we rediscovered the value of cultural nature of ethnic traditions. For Vietnam, the traditions of Buddhist influenced quite a lot. Song writer here refers only to the common practice in the daily life of Vietnamese people.

a. Buddhist influence through practice fasting, worshiping Buddha, lives, and give alms:

Go vegetarian, almost all Vietnam have influenced this cultural life. Fasting or eating crackers from the concept of Buddhist compassion. Since when has returned to the Dharma, each to Buddhist precepts and morality, which is basically about not killing bad things, but instead to love all species. In words and actions make sense, Buddhists must show compassion. It can not get when people eat meat, and drink his blood beings. To achieve that purpose, Buddhists have to use vegetarian approach. Of course the production in a vegetarian , but there are many Buddhist lay obstacles should only fasting period . Usually Vietnam, both Buddhist and non-Buddhists as well as special custom, they were fasting two days per month, the fifteenth day of each month and day, there are people who eat a day four days per month 01, 14, 15 and 30, if lacking, May 29 vegetarians, who eat there every June on the first day was 8.14, 15, 23, 29 and 30 (if inadequate, the fasting month 28, 29 ), a vegetarian who give rise to ten days per month is the day 1,8,14,15,18,23,24, 28 and 30 and the 1st (if the food shortage on May 27,28,29) also many vows of fasting throughout the month (usually July lunar calendar) or three months (January, July and October) or years, sometimes there are some who take a vow to eat like the school boy renunciation.

In terms of diet, fasting is consistent with Asian style food, cereal focus more animal foods, whereas fasting helps the body to be gentle, lucid mind is wise. Recently Soteylo doctors, and doctors said Varia Kiplami meat in the toxic stuff, very dangerous for human health. And scientists agree that Vegetarianism is hygienic and is equally nutritious. In that spirit, Vietnam should people, not as a Buddhist vegetarianism as well, and this practice has a deep impact in all social strata Vietnam over the years.

fasting and worshiping Buddha is going together the people of Vietnam. The folk of the Buddhist Church also has many interesting things. Buddhists, Buddhist devotees worship struck them, many Buddhists who are not also use statues or pictures of Buddhist elements to admire the landscape and decorate the house more beautiful and dignified. The concept of this group, Buddhism is an achievement ideology of ethnic culture and humanity.

It comes from the compassion of the Buddhist custom of giving free birth and deeply rooted in the life activity of the masses. By the full moon and a mosquito, the Vietnamese people often buy birds, fish, turtles .. wish to take notes and go temple free birth. Vietnamese people are doing good like alms and willing to help the poor, the tribulation, the great festival days they focus on the temple. However, in modern society, the expression on the nature of this form of increasingly narrow. Instead, everyone involved in the relief phase, similar to fellow international disaster, disaster, complete ports trouble living true to the principles of traditional ethnic village leaves dum tear leaves.

b. Buddhist influence through practice offering the full moon, and th a temple ceremony.

In accordance with traditional practice offering the full moon, th offering a custom care is expected, ie the sun or the moon on smoothly together, so the gods, ancestors can communicate, trade with people, praying will reach the sensitivity to other realms and sympathy will be set to the position on clean up their acts criticism, called on Bodhisattva and days of penance, the faithful at the temple to attend repentance, prayer, healing and remove the evil mind and body modification. The concept of day care on growth prospects are pure, penance, fasting is derived from the influence of Mahayana Buddhism. In addition to temple of penance, at home on a full moon and nets, they shop lights, incense, floral offerings to the Three Jewels and ancestors, expressing reverence, remember the deceased injured and in particular behavioral nature of their nursing care practice.

addition to temple on full moon day of penance, a mosquito, the Vietnam also has other traditions is to visit Wat, Buddhist ceremony on the big full moon festival in January, full moon in May (Vesak) and full moon in July (holiday vu lan). This is a tradition, an indispensable demand in the life of the Vietnamese. However, to visit the temple also depends on the purpose and concept of each person. Temple door is always open to cross promote nature, especially the great Buddhist festival, the folk (Tet) or the major anniversaries of national history, (now King Hung ). These days, numerous classes of people, the social world are gathered here. Before Zen door, their faces solemn, serene beauty of the lilies, daisies mixed with incense mingled shine creates a warm atmosphere, sacred hearts to show their respect for Buddha and the sages. The picture that has contributed to the identity and cultural beauty of the Vietnamese people. In the busiest line, which is not large everyone here for reasons of pure faith. A large number of people who simply want to go to festivals or enjoy the beauty of the temples, but when integrated into a solemn atmosphere they find themselves becoming more poise and calm, this is the opportunity to help they turn to Buddhism.

c. Buddhist influence over the funeral rites, weddings:

This is also a common activity in the life of the Vietnamese. On the funeral, according to customs of Vietnam and China was formerly very troublesome and costly. But thanks to the guidance of the monks, the funerals took place more simple and dignified. When the family (in Buddhism) was passed away, visiting relatives to the temple monks home to help the funeral (usually called a funeral). Usually the funeral rites take place sequentially as follows: (1) enter shrouding the dead ritual, (2) funeral ceremony (3) advanced spiritual ceremony (offering rice), (4) key public holidays deficit for the deceased; (5) The high-tide holidays (ancestors reports before travel agencies) and (6) the ceremony and lower blood cell (7) Take a censer, long position, within the home or temple ; (8) holiday breakfast; (9) also lost (chant and pray for the deceased in the rice offering seven weeks of 49 days, offered once a week), (10) holidays primary wall (adjacent years after the date deceased took a year); (11) celebration of the wall (communal mourning ceremony, after the deceased died two years).

In the non-Buddhist family but by the deceased or the owner should they cherish Buddhism Visiting monks and nuns to chant prayers for the deceased and funeral directors as believers in Buddhism. In general, burial practices in Vietnam deeply affected from the rituals of Buddhism.

The wedding, the influence of Buddhism have been less complex than Christianity or Islam giant . Prior to marriage, many young couples according to Buddhist belief, often to the temple to pray to Buddha bless each of their coastal plain sailing. By the wedding day, they are guided to the monks of the temple ceremony "constant refuge agreement" before pick strawberries. It was a brief ceremony to bless the monks and counseled some Buddhist principles, to make the guideline for new life.

In addition to the customs of the Vietnam Buddhist influence has been mentioned above , we also see some other traditions are also relatively common and more or less related to Buddhism we have recorded.

d. The other customs.

1 / burning votive practices:

This is a very common practice in Vietnam that the Vietnamese Buddhism has received from China. Many people realize that this practice renunciation from the perspective of causal Buddhist reincarnation, so it has existed from ancient Buddhism to this day. If anyone eats of this life in gentle, religious nature of the later support center will be reborn again as a happy, rich or happy rebirth in the blissful world. If in this life to eat badly, do more evil, after death will be oppressed and to hell underworld ti suffering. The more evil or not one of worship and pray in where the hell they were unjustly hunger and cold, can not escape or first super pregnant. So the ones on earth to worship, chanting to pray their loved ones under the underworld ti less prosperous sin or that breaks out. After the wind, on expectations the dead will receive these items, money was offered and burned it. In the paper and votive offerings of silver to gold coins often have images (or Maitreya Bodhisattva) or words (note rebirth, seal letters) with elements of Buddhism with the intention hope of salvation The Buddhas of the deceased.

make it clear here, burning votive practices is a "bad practices" nature superstitious and absurd, the true Buddhist is never acceptable. It is on this earth, water carries the currency of another country is difficult to be accepted, let alone from the mercy of time, send down burning hell, spend, the story has no basis for trust. According to Buddhist teachings and evil beings depending on the industry that operators born Protestant realm, realms of data. Relatives die as well as our karma evil that is born in the six realms of life, not wait for the burning of votive relatives, both contrary to morality, just costs money to no avail. According to Buddhism there are many ways to show compassion and loyalty of the people who live for death by when someone is dying, relatives must give rise to charity, donation, lives, and it is important to know that information to the job of the family that user friendly to the people, whereby they will be born in a life in peace.

2 / Episode considered to date:

This is a practice ingrained habits of Vietnamese people in particular and Asia in general. Each time about doing something important such as building houses, stabbed to death, marriage, early exodus ... people often ask the teacher about the temple to help gium day as well, to avoid bad day. Usually one or three days to avoid: th 05, 14, 23, for three days their luck is down, is unfortunate, should be avoided.

In the Buddhist perspective, this is also a kind of superstition, the Buddhists should not run. Buddha taught that people do good, day was the day well with a good work day is a good day. Five months for people to do good are good on both, sowing the human good will reap good results. The teaching of Buddhism is causal equitable balance of suffering and happiness of man rather than the distribution of lucky down.

3 / Episode offerings so limited to:

This practice is common and ingrained habits of Vietnamese people and the participation of Buddhism. Cause also from China, after passing through Vietnam and into Buddhism. Three teachers have ancient yuan; Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism, and rules on the source. Advocates alike, the same willingness to contribute to social, moral renaissance, bringing life to the prosperity of human happiness.

In the context of three religions, the Buddhist teacher to be flexible, to find understand, and to learn handed directed you to have a look harmonious, sympathetic, and most Buddhists is to pull back to the hexagram fortune telling, physiognomy, they also worship the stars, fortune quem for tattoos, to return for the Buddhist temple, instead of bowing to their gods, the Lord Buddha better. The second step is the preaching of causality, the Noble Eightfold Path, right view to creating Buddhists remove their previous wrong. The media has had some abuse and it gradually became a kind of Buddhist activities. Knowing this, Buddhists should eliminate this superstitious practice.

4 / Episode apply tattoos by hexagram:

Please fortune hexagram tattoo is a blessing. Also from China, a kind of living quite frantic at temples, temples in the New Year or other holidays. The village temple worship Quan Thanh De Quan often coupled with the application for tattoos. The applicant first tattoo to the altar to the Lord Buddha and Quan Thanh, pray for a hexagram tattoo, tattoo then they shake tube 100 card to get a card fell out, then they took hexagram tattoo ask the monk to answer gium our destiny. Each card with a built-in leaf tattoo that shows the prediction of the business, education, marriage, family ... loading of each hexagram tattoo is there. This is an unfair practice by faith in the chance of fate has been set, arranged in advance. As the old book that said, "even spiritual blessings, god renders hybrid flowers." That is a blessing to meet at the time hexagram are good, when the competition draw graphics card always bad tattoos. That's good in his bad, not at the hexagram tattoo. The true Buddhist should eliminate this kind of superstition.

Manners and customs in Vietnam in the process of survival and enduring development impact of different cultural movement. Most are from China. In Buddhism it was the important part in shaping and maintaining many traditional practices that we see still exists to this day. However, not all practices have the effect of all Buddhist as well, in which certain practices need to filter it to fit with the Dhamma. It's heavy task of the missionary in modern times. Besides the influence of the traditions of the nation. PG also influenced by the type of art, visual arts, theater arts reformed ...


IV. EFFECT THROUGH BUDDHIST ART TYPE :

1 / Buddhism expressed through theater (Theatre multiples, singing opera, reformed and drama).

theater is also a type of culture, especially This species belongs to the heritage nature of cultural identity of ethnic groups in parallel with the parts mentioned above. Philosophical "retributive causality" of Buddhism plays an important role in the opera songs and plays in accordance with the lifestyle of the east and ethnic traditions.

First of all, what kind of opera singing original appearance mainly in the northern delta provinces, attracting elite folk arts such as dance, sing and play the traditional story Nom. Most notably the play "Guan Yin ocular" opera went on to form the typical mainstream when it comes to this art. There are other plays "School List", "Save the Pacific Festival", "Kim Nhan", "Chu Mai Spirit" ... penalties are in-the evil and reward good play called typical so called "ancient rowing."

Second, multiple original songs into the royal lifestyle, unlike the old opera, art becomes a advanced forms of entertainment for kings and nobility, the other one is it for those who can enjoy the art level, relative to be able to look and feel of this unique species. It can be said throughout the 19th century was the golden age of theater art multiples. The play "San Hau," "Three Women Toys United", "Home Vo Dinh", "Yao Oyster Hen House" ... is the nature plays mainstream and ethnic integrity philosophy contained "causal retributive" and a beautiful user friendly.

From classical music, musical forms amateurs become "shift out of", so from became reformed theater arts from the early twenty (1922) of this century in the South. We can say people do not have any art developed rapidly, putting his strong temper and intolerance many folk as subjects reformed. Because of that factor liberal, reformed easily advanced into the truth of Buddhism, opened the door the area Buddha and many different historical heritage of Buddhism into his art. This is an art form is a large number of Labour of Vietnam is the suburbs cherish and enjoy. The doctrine "causal retributive, punishment reward good evil" ... Composer can be reformed and the play has enthralled audiences enjoy and have to stand on stage during the forum decades. Typically, as the play "Dak Dao Shakya," "Guan Yin Thi Kinh", "Dieu Thien Quan", "Item Contact Noble Truths", especially recently (early '90s) there are two notable plays "Exit Loop Luy Process 'and' Prince Ajatasatru" of the Enlightenment writers Duong Kinh Thanh Dao, are the two main pro first drama of Buddhism in Vietnam, has been performed many places and have made ​​videos and cassette tapes circulated widely at home and abroad. There is also the play more or less influenced by Buddhist thought as the play "The Cuc Hoa Pham," "temporarily banned", "Kim Van Kieu" ... by influence the spirit of compassion and equanimity of Buddhism should always be the reformed opera in the end have post. Son Nam researcher once said about this: "Our country has traditionally Catholic tradition Tam , especially through the influence of Buddhist culture that move, the character in the drama even ridiculous (...) it is important that the main character, supporting characters that must be resolved at the last screen in the spirit of compassion intellectual, brave, according to the Buddhist law of karma (...). Buddhism is a miracle to reconcile any contradictions, only anchor for people from the tortuous plight, the most puzzling. If you get rid of her moral, reformed will be a body without a soul. "(25)

Finally drama, this is the art form was introduced from the West after World War II (1938-1945), the first major performance of the play adapted from the drama of the service of foreign colonizers and missionaries The Back. After the 60s, a new drama with the actual location of the stage and the people of Vietnam response by the people who play by the Vietnam staged. Repertory not have any significant contribution to Buddhism as the other art forms. The contents also contained many ethnic humanitarian grounds in which Buddhist influence.

not only in theater, acting and we see the love of a large mass of Buddhism but we also see this through visual arts.

2 / Buddhist influence via the visual arts:

- On Architecture: As Buddhism spread to Vietnam, of course has brought the architectural style pagodas, hung empty bell tower model architecture of India, Burma and China. But over time, the liberal spirit of Buddhism also coordinate with general thinking of the Vietnamese people have created a very specific architectural model for Buddhism in Vietnam. Temple in Vietnam are often built with special style of architecture, the temple roof always hide behind bamboo villages, under trees or in a place that has the natural landscape beauty or quiet. According to Quan and Phan Cam Thuong Nguye the temple tower architecture in Vietnam as "an architectural scale is not large, relative to the height of the distribution layer of the architecture in a prolonged longitudinal sense not going along, bringing in natural alternating components, focusing on the riverside landscape, temples, making the open nature is always greater than the actual mass of it ". (26)

The architectural model styled the "public": Buddhist sanctum and electricity are connected together by a natural flavor; arrogant words "Ding": previous type "Tam": there are three parallel sticky , or type "of the country": the first is money and power lines Buddha, after a square piece of ground to plant tree, bonsai put behind is the climate of the two sides is the East and the West ( 27). Buddhist left many unique architectural and scenic beauty for the Vietnamese, like many famous temples in the north have the One Pillar Pagoda, Temple West, Perfume Pagoda, in Central Thien Mu Pagoda, Temple Tu Hieu Bao Quoc Pagoda, and in the South have the Giac Lam Pagoda, the pagoda of Vinh Trang ...

- On Sculpture: now have the opportunity to visit the major museums in Vietnam, we will see more core subjects, Buddhist sculptures on display, which is not only a pride of ethnic Vietnamese culture but also traces demonstrate the influence of Buddhism in this area. Typically we find works such as the thousand eyes thousand hand Guan Yin (28). Ha Pagoda (Vinh Phu, North Vietnam, 3.2 meters high), 16 wooden statues of the Tay Phuong Pagoda (Ha Tay, North Vietnam), The Bat La Han statues Cross Phuoc Lam (Hoi An, Quang Nam Da Nang) Ministry in the Cross Bat Trang Pagoda (My Tho), the Percent Tuyet Son Pagoda (Ha Tay). Buddha statue, 1.07 m high bronze is kind HCMC History Museum ... These sculptural works of art unique in Vietnam there are scale sculptures and historic as the "Buddha's" Tra Cu mountain 49m long, Phan Thiet that formed in 1962, Shakyamuni Buddha 11m high lotus position in Vung Tau, 10/3/963 inauguration day; object "of Buddha" 24m high at Long Son Pagoda, Ho. Nha Trang is done in 1964.

And about painting: the ancient roof between quiet mountains or visit the temple on festival in early spring or unique ideas of philosophy of Zen Buddhism is a recurrent theme cause a lot of inspiration for artists and artisans and Vietnam. Many pages of silk, watercolors, oil paint, lacquer refers to Buddhism were artists and artisans in Vietnam over the age shown vividly and subtly through such works as "Thay Pagoda" of Nguyen Gia Tri composed in 1938, "Le Temple" by Nguyen Chao, "files Rising" by Do Quang Em, "attend temple" of Nguyen Khac Bay. Especially from the eighties onwards, the "Meditation", "Quan Am Thi time"; "Bich Label", "Forest Meditation" by artist Phuong Hong, "In First Thi Ngan" Week of Huynh Ba; "First United Van French" by Van Quan ...

At this point, we can conclude that the ideas and images of Buddhism left a deep impression in traditions, in literature and art Vietnam's arts in history and it will continue to shine the essence of their unique to the Vietnamese people in particular and humanity in general in the future. END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY BACH LIEN HOA.( TAM THANH ).NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).11/2/2012.

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