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Below is an interview in the weekly program of its Buddhist figure the Government of France (Radio France), broadcast on Sunday 02.12.2007.
This broadcast carries the theme «Light Aura of Buddhism» (Lumières du Bouddha). Female author of the program as she interviewed the two men Aurélie Godefroy Olivier Germain-Thomas and Christophe Boisvieux. Please be reminded to add is the Buddhist program on television in France entitled «wisdom of Buddhism» (Sagesses bouddhistes), General Assembly Buddha Dhamma celebrates birthday in October.
Her female author, a. Godefroy charge programs
Mr. o. Germain-Thomas (1943, etc), writer, has published several books on Buddhism, and is also in charge of the design and the content of the broadcasts of radio France Culture (France Culture)
Mr. c. Boivieux (1960, etc), author and photographer, Zhou Yu all over the world, especially in Asia, including Vietnam, has published several books and pictures of his travels, the last one is «» Bénarès-Kyoto Prize Renaudot in 2007 also.
The following is the exit interview services:
Aurélie Godefroy : Buddhism today consists of about 350 million and represents a religion stands in the fourth row of humanity (1). From recent years, Buddhism shows the profound innovation in Europe, as well as on the continent that Buddhism has arisen: News Asia. And today, we'll stop together on parts of the globe. We understand that Buddhism was formed on the territory of India. But then religion has developed how, has become so rich why integration with other diverse influences, via long string of centuries? The main tradition? How to determine what traditions? The important reason which has created the power draw of Buddhism in Asia, until today? We will discuss the problems above with two guests of the program are two says: Olivier Germain-Thomas and Christophe Boivieux.
(Back to the Mr. Christophe Boivieux). Hello Mr. Chistophe Boivieux, he is the journalist and photographer. I understand that he has a travel around the world from twenty years now. In particular, he Zhou Yu lot on Asia. He collaborated with many magazines and he has published a number of books about travel. Please thanks anonymous accounts have come with him.
(Turn to Mr. Olivier Germain-Thomas). Hello Mr. Olivier Germain-Thomas. I know he is a real person, who designed the famous on the radio program "culture of France", and also recently won the Renaudot for his latest work, entitled "Bénarès-Kyoto" (from Ca-tì-la-Wai to Kyoto)due to Publisher Rocher. Thankful he was coming with us. And on this occasion the two men come to introduce newly-discovered hảnh by the two books he wrote generally accompanied many photos, the book titled as "Buddha's Light aura" ("Lumières du Bouddha"), as the Publisher of Lodi. This is a book best beauty, sketch the formation and evolution of Buddhism in Asia, true to its present status. To start, I would like to invite Mr Olivier Germain-Thomas explains to know how Buddhism arose in Asia, and particularly in India.
O.GT. : First of all, must say that Buddhism is the brother of Indian country. People often forget that Buddhism has existed throughout the fifteen century on land, and for reasons of India today under 1% of the population followed Buddhism and Buddhism received in the West to Japan and Tibetan Buddhism, so it is no longer remembered the oven hun cast out Buddhism. The oven's Foundation of the thought of philosophy, is the mental and the spiritual experience of the country. As it was known, the Buddhist form on V or VI century before Christ, in the Highlands between Greek and Greek-code-the Ganges River Valley About III century before ... Western calendar, thanks to the Emperor Ashoka, Buddhism expansion all over the place. And please don't forget that Buddhism had spread to the West, i.e. the region on the country as A-rich-Khan, Pakistan, Cachemire.
Ma : So does the Emperor Ashoka of Buddhist refuge is necessarily a deciding factor for the expansion of Buddhism or not?
O.GT.: not sure yet. But anyway, the Ashoka the Buddhist wishes are developed. Although little or much, he still is a Hindu, because anyway the population within the country still holding Her Brahmin. Director He sent messengers to go all over the place, from East to West and the South. The South includes countries such as: Ceylon, Burma, the countries of Southeast Asia to the West, through the Cachemire, and along the Silk Road Buddhist exposed more often, with China and spread on the ground, then to Korea, and then next to that of Japan, Tibet, Mongoliaclearly, one has to know about this period of history. But when people forgot a story is the main schools of Buddhism, although there is the primitive Buddhism, Theravada or Mahayana, later Mahayana and the next is Tan-check (A tribe), all derived from India. Tan-investigation was derived from the Indian Buddhist background mean in Tibet despite expansionism inherited essential English of the Tibetan tradition, but the principle of the philosophy of Buddhism's were imported from India. Indeed this is a wonderful event that happened during one thousand five hundred years on Indian soil, and still continue to this day, it is what most incredible.
A.G.: Dear Mr. Christophe Boisvieux, he can tell more correctly than Buddhism from India has spread out like?
C.B.: Dear well, since at first, when the Buddha preaching, not literate in the Valley of the Ganges. Know just how Word of mouth. And in the Christian era, the new text is recorded and transmitted from master to disciple, (2). This is a basic principle of truth. In some of the directions practice Buddhism, in particular I would like to highlight the case of Tibetan Buddhism, the Buddhist, the passive transmission from master to disciple real is primarily. Later, a number of teachers have role mainly in the expansionist French Leaders. I am also thinking of the Chinese case, thinking him Bodhi-hit-ma brought French Leaders on China century VI (3). And then, a master other has made a decisive influence for Tibet in century VII: it is full of wonderful teachers named Padmasambhava (Padmasambhava). The radiance of the main teachers as above has helped to spread Buddhism.
A.G.: one could say a little more clearly to explain about the influence of geography in the expansion of Buddhism or reasonable? As I seem to have two different gateway?
C.B.: the right way, the first is the silk road goes North, I'd say is the way of the nomads through the desert, but this is the way of trade, but also the way of belief. With this gateway to Chinese Buddhism was first, then from China to Korea. Korea to continue to become first player to spread Buddhism into Japan. Next, the South has a maritime route, connecting one of the important centers of Buddhism is the Ceylon with the countries of Southeast Asia, such as Thailand, Burma, Cambodia. Buddhism also spread to both In Indonesia-Indonesia, but today has declined. Before Buddhism developed on the land urgently.
A.G.: to be able to understand more about Buddhism in the present situation, can we need to talk more about history of Buddhism and Buddhist tradition is the main three primitives, Mahayana and Vajrayana. Could you explain more outline about the tradition's or reasonable? Let's start with the primitive Buddhism?
O.GT: core derived from Indian country, but then the great adaptability of Buddhism has helped Buddhism integration with other cultures. In fact, the differences between denominations, or between the various Buddhist, only those related to two points: the first is the traditional culture of the countries where Buddhism developed, the second is the text that the teachers have used. For the case of primitive Buddhism, teachers based on the text, the Pa-li. for Buddhism, the text used is Sanskrit for the Buddhist text, the Tan-at the beginning is Sanskrit, but today's Tibetan. Talk like that to understand that when traveling in the country that, if there are two teachers come together, and when they left out the cultural customs, then they both realize that they were derived from a common root, this indeed is what downright amazing (4). Nevertheless, people still have to admit in excess Tan-have many things mystical, meanwhile, Zen Buddhism Zen instance, to symbolize what the simplest. But when did practice with meditation, we can visualize the inside each of us what shows up are very close together.
A.G.: Mr. Christophe Boisvieux, he also knows quite a lot about the primitive Buddhism, so he has nothing to present more or not?
C.B.: As I see what fun and causing many of the most impressive in the primitive Buddhism, is a combination between clergy and secular: clergy cannot exist without the secular, secular society as a whole serves to clergy, especially the Buddhists, cosy looks daily for tutorHere's a happy world is recorded from the instruction of the Buddha: a monk, or a Bhikkhu without pretentious, must themselves khất real. Happier not found encouragement in other traditions. I think of the case of the Vajrayana, Tibetan Buddhism to such. The cosy looks certain to be there for the clergy, but not in the form as above. How nasty it looks above are a customs have ingrained in day-to-day life, the result is the beautiful gesture. Really very touched when she saw, in the early morning fog, the faithful go Crystal barefoot to the glass palace, stand for the front doorstep, awaiting the monk passes to it the food.
Ma: O.GT : could you tell us the specific points of the Mahayana or affordable housing and, if possible, both on the Vajrayana, Vajrayana seems like a continuation of Mahayana?
O.GT.: refreshing and most prominent Mahayana is the appearance of the Bodhisattva-slaps, which are already, or can afford to achieve Buddhahood, could mean the form of Buddhism, but they save as to lead others on the path to enlightenment and the cessation of suffering. Thus, compared to the original Buddhism, this is a new image appears to add. Say like, but Buddhism will explain right now for us is the main Buddha preaching about Mahayana atop Ghost Thứu, but the sermon's been kept secret (5), so perhaps those Buddhism shall not be admitted as Theravada Buddhism there before. This is just the argument between the factions can ignore easily. Anyway, on the General, who can guarantee that most of these icons is the deity, in turn is made when entering the Mahayana, and especially when entering the Vajrayana. However, in Mahayana practice directions are still very simply: it is the Meditation school. Meditation classes are derived from the way of meditation in Buddhism called (dyana), from which arose in China and studied Zen Buddhism sect of Zen in Japan, and also in a intermediate Zen icons become less important than, because the main body is going to find real sex inside of each person. As you can see, all of these things are quite complex, but essential part as stated above, what is passive transmission from master to disciple, which is what the system is more important than all the outward symbol.
A.G.: Update for this broadcast, now people are witnessing status progression or backwards of Buddhism, depending on each country, such as South Korea?
C.B.: in Korea, the right place is is Receeding. The missionaries of the Gospel has made tremendous efforts in making true missionaries, although Buddhism is still very lively and keep the tradition. On the contrary, I think that the CAP over the Communist country brandishing being unfold gradually, and we see these as China today are the true innovation is important, if I may say so, one finds the temple always filled with people. And then, it is exciting when you return what he has just presented. Olivier Right on Indian land, and since the country gained independence, but that the suspension was a minority, have had numerous people in the working class along the nail returns to Buddhism. Each year, several tens of thousands of people in the class to consider welding for large-scale collective health, they want to escape the system divided the working class men in their lifetime. Main source of strength the Buddhist, the power that did explode all system hard uninstall and bottle hard caste system, that strength is the strength of the liberation. Exactly so, today again found on Indian revival that's the strength of Buddhism.
Ma: O.GT : to end the broadcast today, I think he has an eloquent example, which is the case of China?
O.GT.: well, I've gone around China, by car or by rail passenger cars, and I often visit sacred mountains, and then I have to be a small island, called Pu-ko-chan, can say that Mount Athos (6), located off the coast of Shanghai, take the train to take a night. The island completely dedicated to the worship of a bodhisattva manifest by an image of females (7). I saw thousands of Buddhists, woman, child, adolescent, teenager, pull together walking or kneeling down to Earth and go with two knees, long standing along the road brought up the temple on the Summit of the island, to Buddha, bodhisattva with đãnh ceremony to face females. What's most spectacular, is thinking of today, according to the latest figures, China had 10% followers of Buddhism. If Buddhism may come back as something truly essential for China, the face of Asia and even the world anymore, and will be completely renovated. So, exactly where it would happen something strongly related, and anyway there is also a case of extremely excited.
A.G.: Please thank the two he has immense to us today.
1-until the beginning of the twentieth century, Buddhism is the largest religion of humanity. Beginning of the XXI century, Buddhism dropped every Wednesday.
2-this is not true at all. Sanskrit has had from century XIV before the Western calendar, the Rig Veda Nikaya (the first of the four Nikaya Scriptures of Hinduism) written in Sanskrit was drafted in 3 900 ahead schedule. The instruction of Buddhism Ashoka is engraved on the head stone and false stele from century III before the Western calendar.
According to the ancient tradition in India, what word of mouth brought sacred personality, vivid and mysticism, unlike what the stored form of handwriting. In Hinduism also, the Minister must also be memorized. For Buddhists, over the centuries, the Buddha's teaching and learning in khầu to each other, from father to son, from the master to the game, from generation to generation. Thus the majority of Buddhist scriptures are long, go up again repeatedly, every sentence has replaced a Word, only for the purpose of easier to remember. Business can also write in the form of poetry or shelf for ease of rote learning. The Bell rhythm beat mõ is also a means of helping dementia when litigation. Form of mouth still holds to this day in the Tan-check (A tribe).
There's a theory that the teaching of the Buddha has been testimony recorded on the aggregation French Leaders after the second Buddhist President kill, but no specific documents prove this hypothesis.
3-this is not true, Buddhism was introduced into China century i. Sir Bodhi-hit-ma only bring Meditation India into China.
4-Yes, for all the sectarian and studied Buddhism, not even the mutual pogroms or wars, including the problems or hatred, although the level is too. People in all are children of Buddhist sectarianism, the main legs Buddhists are aware that all beings are living in ignorance, ignorance of our uncertain brighter than the ignorance of others, obtuse help each other where there is not enough, we see the ignorance of one higher thanmore and more, correct the ignorance of others. This is a peculiarity of Buddhism that ngưởi is often "forget", (Please be allowed to borrow the word "lost" due to two guest interviewed was used above).
5-Sanskrit Mahayana sutras appeared at the beginning of the I century before Western calendar, the classics, the Pa-li appeared in the seventh century, the Western front I deviate very little, so can not say Hinayana or Mahayana appeared before. According to tradition, Buddha taught according to trends, levels and the ability of each person or each group of people listening. Theravada Scriptures record shows preach overwhelming personality, while the Mahayana Scriptures recorded the lectures more narrow.
6-Athos is a sacred mountain in Greece, was founded in the X century, with less autonomy, including the monasteries in orthodoxy. Characteristics of this place is like the taboos every creature except hens for breeding hens for eggs of the Dominicans.
7-i.e. Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva or Buddha's Music.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY BACH LIEN HOA.( TAM THANH ).MHDT.19/5/2012.NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).
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