FROM BUDDHA TO BUDDHA AND BUDDHISM.

The  the origin name Buddha or Buddha was very much debated throughout Over the years, although both the name that will be accepted as a session sound of the word Buddha in Sanskrit literature. But as in many competitions other comments, seems to confirm the end remain unanswered. In the spirit  exchange and learning, we contribute this small article, based on the study of Buddhism and Forestry Fund (1) of China to the  shown a link between the Buddha Buddha in Sanskrit literature (or Buddha) in Han culture, which we believe are compelling and more reliable.

In  this article, we are not going into and issues from the original pronunciation, but  why only presented noun with two syllables Buddha was transcribed a Buddha or Buddha with one syllable.

Regarding the name Buddha and Buddhism, there are now roughly three perspectives:

A.Quan first point: Most of that from Buddha in Sanskrit literature are transcribed into Han culture is Buddha or powder Da; and calling off of Buddhism is the Buddha, but Buddha camp reading the word "powder"  in powder Da.

B.Quan second point: Buddha (Nom) is the  transcribed directly from the first syllable of the Vietnamese Buddha in public stage, when Indian Buddhism spread into our country: Bud / Buddha. This view that reading Buddha (the popular reading of the Vietnam) have appeared before Buddha to read (as I learned how to read the scriptural Chinese dictionary), to assert that in the beginning, Vietnamese Buddhist Nam is transmitted directly from the South News from India, not must be transferred from Northern China. The Buddha is read by the image Effect of China, and this reading is available when the Ming to invaded our country, around the end of the fifteenth century.

C.Quan the third point: On the Buddha from the original and Buddhism are different readings of the same word Buddha (Chinese character) that only. The only difference is before reading the Buddha, the latter reading is the Buddha. In general Buddha and the Buddha but the two that one.

Song is a simple thing that the researchers did not address is: why in both transcription Buddha or Buddha are only one syllable, while from the Buddha in Sanskrit, there are two negative more? So guess how emerging Buddha is reading off of Buddha  Da, and Buddha is reading off of lime or as a direct transcription The first syllable of the word Buddha.

Buddha is Buddha, it is evidently nothing to the table controversy. In Vietnam, the fairy Buddha image is used to indicate the first gentle kindness, professional and blessed relief for salary improvement, notably in the story Temporarily restricted. The Buddha has existed for a long time in folk proverbs, and literary scholars.

For example: No one is Buddha Shakyamuni easy / All of humanity is over rings (Nguyen Binh Khiem). Buddha is also quite gentle teacher / Only two dogs fighting compassion (Nguyen Cong Tru). Go to Whose robes / Go with that paper dress (Proverbs) etc. ...

Nguyen Phu Trong authors in their research Buddha or Buddha? quoted in the book The National Assembly History Do's Officiating (New Road bookcases, Paris, 1985) a draft of the Bento Thien (born 1614) is a Jesuit teacher of Catholicism Lord, who lives near the time with Dac Lo (Alexandre de Rhodes 1593-1660) and learned  The National Assembly for the first Jesuit priest Marini, Gaspar Amiral d', Dac Lo. The manuscript shows that two of the Buddha and the Buddha are  concurrent users (2).

According to the dictionary, the word Buddha Buddhism there are other ways  known as: The Da, The Da, Da Powder, Ministry Tha, Retirement, a Da Buddha, Citation, Fee Da, Phu Da, bridesmaids, Phu Toys, Easter Beans, Physics Tha, a leather etc. ...

Above are a few ways that Chinese people, through several stages, negative word used to translate Buddha in Sanskrit literature, translated as Enlightenment is false, which means Enlightened One, Buddha refers to. Two Ways transliteration is used in popular classics are there and in line, but transcription is a classic Chinese still use most is the Buddha. In this article we focus on how transcription Buddha.

According to the campaign messages and materials, the ancient Chinese text Buddhism has many ways set the session. Based on the carrier and the carrier shall file the letter Buddhist there are two versions set, and therefore can be read in two ways by negative Sino Vietnamese:

A. Consistent character set => Ph (u) + (v) at => Buddha.

Two. Bo a set => B (O) + (m) ot => powder.

Follow Like Van read the music, the Buddha is On.

This is probably the phonetic basis for the researchers speculate that the Buddha (the reading of the powder camp) and that Buddhism is the reading of a Han only, at two different stages. According to the United linguistic errors Karlgren touch, in the work Grammata Serica, the Buddha has 3 letters reading  is [b'iut / b'iut / fu]. In the modern Chinese dictionary, the word Buddha is pronounced in two ways as [FO] and [Bo]. Thus, we can found that between Buddha and Buddhist pronunciation is related intimately. Also why reading Buddha virtually disappeared from the literature and oral tradition scholarly literature, all studies to prove only are the inference and conjecture, not to have a scientific basis or evidence solid history to claim a convincing way, apart from the phonetic grounds.

If you think that Buddha is the reading of the powder in the powder camp Da, you must accept two facts. First, from the classic Da Flour China has since appeared before Buddha in Vietnamese. Song is still  have not seen any documents cited as grounds to prove that  all. Second: to powder in the powder had become a Buddha in the traditional reading  Da Flour obviously be very popular. Song Da mainly from powder language appears in the legs and mantras in classics such as economic Shurangama, Business Mandala Buddhist nun wins top religious (Translation of Buddhist Sramana Da Ba Loi) etc. ... But in the Buddhist scriptures,  frequency of the mantra, true language with texts by the Buddhist doctrine  not high, in addition to problems difficult to read, hard to remember. The adherents Buddhism is no longer surprising sentence: "Pass the army afraid to climb, as Lang notes error Serious "enough that the legs language, reading mantras, dyspepsia, difficult to remember how no. Therefore, we believe that our powder dry ice is used commonly in order to turn into a folk called the Buddha in Vietnamese.

If only based on the appearance of the word Buddha in the fishing, proverbs or folk tales that we can not determine the time of birth, to confirm that the Buddha is the  direct the Vietnamese transliteration first syllable of the word Buddha, and thus  asserted that Buddhism came to Vietnam before the Middle Nations, the fear is that it is difficult to convince.

Usually, when a word
of foreign language
were introduced to language
Language  native, which we call ourselves or from borrowed (loan-word), then the we must use the same reading of the native language to translate the audio, called possible negative or bar service, so that reserves are reading the original sound First, whether from the transcription that does not mean in the local language. Example Vietnamese people to use the word "soap" or "soap" savon person to call French, or "gas-Waite noted that" to call the American sandwich. Be sure to  spent a long time and are widely used, it gradually forgetting new loans originated there and see it as the native language.

List of Buddha as well. When Buddhism spread to China, the technical language of the translators are Buddhist maintain tone, using the Chinese way  homologous to read for accurate transcription. According to the researchers, not  cases from two syllables in the Sanskrit text was transcribed withdraw any reduced to one syllable in Han culture. Moreover, the Buddha is considered the value  is certainly the most sacred Buddhist does not translate early  transcribed dare turn off. That is evident. For example, Christians teachers who dare not referred to Jehovah, and the LORD who, as believers Muslims do not dare to call off a-la the father who was a prophet or Ma-Ma-coral-reefs are meters.

Thus, from the Buddha is a Buddha must have been transcribed from other causes. As mentioned above, many people believe that  Buddha is reading off of Da Buddha or powder. This assumption is quite common variables, and are derived from The synthesis allergic User Reviews Arts that out. This book read: "Sanskrit sound 'Buddha' is said enlightened. From yesteryear referred to as the Buddha "(Buddha Sanskrit sound, try so enlightened. Depending former acronyms, conduct impulses Buddhist writing).

Sister Chon's no evidence Plum Village monastery speech Buttons The shaman, in a footnote to 25 letter to Plum Village, As follows: "The Master Buttons, Tripitaka high French followers of Xuanzang, the Tang Dynasty, in the book Nghia Lam Yuen Mahayana France Chapter, Vol 6, said: Powder Da (Buddha) is Sanskrit, wrongly referred to as the Buddha "(Sanskrit literature Da Flour, still Buddha strategy exaggerating) 1.

This has long become obvious to the most as no one will doubt. Song of the remaining bibliographic Later Han Three Kingdoms period, the word "Buddha" has appeared before a noun Buddha then! Bibliography shows no cases of nouns Buddha currently Buddha before nouns. Buddha can only be added to transcription add this to the Buddha in the later phase, not Buddha is reading  off of the Buddha.

Many researchers Hau Chinese living after Han, when compared with the original Sanskrit text was transcribed word in the previous translation of Buddhist scriptures, that is not common, so that how wrong that is transcribed or transcribed off. In fact, in the beginning, Buddhism transmitted to China is not like them Buddhist India have long been mistaken, that is Buddhist Central Asia, from countries Expenses such as the Great Flesh and small countries in Central Asia Xinjiang, through the  Silk Road. Therefore, when introduced into China during the preliminary period, Buddhist, most are not translated directly from Sanskrit literature which informed through an intermediate language. Only life Xuanzang, the job Translation is considered a collection agency. Therefore, in the work Signing of the Western Lands, he  Tsang had much criticism transliteration Sanskrit literature previous term  is false (wild exaggeration). For example, he said that Yojana is transcribed to du good na rather than by the week or so performances, Vais'ya Xa faction instead Vaisali etc. ...2.  Actually, that nothing is wrong. This is similar to one session Pronunciation of the Greek word in Vietnamese, English or mediated French.

When the Buddhist scriptures to China from the list Buddha in Sanskrit Texts different transcription Toys or Buddhist line, only because the road was introduced in China are different, ie in two languages different intermediate language. Buddha in Sanskrit literature list from the phonetic transcription  Phu Dai Ha and when the water But when the small countries Xinjiang Central Asia. Buddhists and Forestry Fund, with extensive knowledge and arguments  convincing case for language learning has shown that in Islamic texts Beads, Buddha turned into bare sounds (sounds dull) But. And the Buddhists China has used the word dawn Buddhist period to transcribe the word But, because old bare sound of the Buddha (Kanji) also But.

In economic Divine superficially written order, we find the Buddha Homage to chant / French / Increase as follows:

Buddhist master network (Homage to the Buddha) => Namo but

French network master (French Male model) => Namo drm

Increase network Regulations (Male model up) => Namo sag

The transliteration of the word Buddha before entering China, has changed over the intermediate language as follows:

1. India => Dai Ha (University Flesh Chi) => China.

Buddha => Bodo, boddo, boudo => Compliance Map.

2. India => Small countries Xinjiang and Central Asia => China.

Buddha => But => Buddhism / powder.

The following table comes from comparing the Buddha in a number of documents in the Forest Fund:

Great House Bodo, boddo, boudo
Small countries Xinjiang and Central Asia but
Ancient Persian texts (scriptures of the Zoroastrian) BWT
Document on Security News Manichaeism of BWT / but
Document on the Mexican Special Manichaeism bwty, pwtyy
Mexican Special Buddhist scriptures pwt

Thus, because the transcription is mediated by the language of Central Asia 3,  in the middle of the century, but the Chinese have used from the Buddha to session  pronunciation of Sanskrit word Buddha, but absolutely not the way transcription directly. This suggests that the word Buddha is the Buddha can be read in neck. These are the scientific foundation of accents that we feel is worth more reliable.

Thus, we can temporarily conclude Buddha or Buddha are two different ways of reading a single word. And this is not are transcribed directly from the Sanskrit word Buddha text, but through intermediate language of Central Asia.

We hope that this short article explains partly derived from the Buddha and the Buddha of the two. Song in my submission, was  Buddhists, we do not need too much attention to the distribution between the Buddha and Buddha as researchers, but ask yourself from the Buddha has bringing more peace of Buddhist spiritual or not, and vice versa? Buddhism policy of "No real damage theory of general pediatric pretending." In Business Lankavatara, Buddha reminded His disciples that all languages ​​are the causal theory  but the harmony, so can not talk about language theory that the First Great, let alone two from Buddha and Buddha?END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY BACH LIEN HOA.( TAM THANH ).MHDT.23/4/2012.NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).