CENTRAL TENETS.

Middle (madhyamŒ-pratipad) is the way to stay away from two outlawed extremist: desire and practice asceticism, it is drawn from the experience itself, following the life of enjoyment in the Imperial Palace, and spent six years of ascetic seclusion, thanks to the way that Ng achievement of enlightenment and Liberation under the original bodhi tree.

Adjacent words, not only is the view of Buddhism, represented the spirit of moderate openness not bigotry, it's also a profound philosophical system of Buddhism, namely Middle School (Mādhyamaka, Mādhyamika).

From the meaning of central management is defined as "to stay away from the two extremists: desire and enjoyment of ascetic practice, gradually turning into avoiding two extremists: accept and accept the invisible, accept the common observance, no stamens, generally deny the attitude of conservative bigotry, whether this side or the other. From radio-meaning accept led to the definition of Central is the bowl of legitimacy, the middle is the theory of pratītyasamutpāda, Middle relief is filed for non-sense. Probably, of course, every concept of central direction of each different historical periods, although more or less of course they also carry different meanings, how to interpret analyze also the differences, especially to the Mahayana Buddhist era (Mah ˆ ˆ y-na), this concept is a philosophical analysis of the genus ly.

The content of this article, the author attempts to elucidate each of its meaning through the experience of each sect.

1. don't fall into two extreme: exercise and asceticism is Middle

As the Buddhist, perhaps no one does not know about the origins of his direction is the Buddha Sakyamuni. He who is the Prince of the country Ca Bhikkhu La Defense (Kapila-vastu), was the only child of King Represents Sanskrit (Śuddhodana). So the legend, before His renunciation is serve pampered in the Imperial Palace. Winters are warm for the Winter Palace, the Summer Palace is also cool for summer, Consort of America, dance, partying multitude ever since. Experiencing a time of enjoyment, He himself felt in ordinary seed who still suffering not only for people but even for yourself, for the Imperial Court and the country. Results of the enjoyment that is not the kind of true happiness, so that in 29 years (passed to the 19 years old) He decided to give up the lifestyle of enjoyment that made his search for enlightenment and liberation.

According to ' the Bible ' Bridge (Ariyapariyesanasuttam) in the "Central" episode 1 record that, after Germany's first world Crown abandons the family, made his studies, the first in six years that He was under the French tu ascetic seclusion with two direction contemporary reputation as Alara Kalama and Uddaka Ramaputta, His diligent effort to practice asceticism, fasting, until one day just eating a sesame seed, His body, skinny, leather upholstery, which He has seen food poisoning results highest direction that the two claims, however, that he felt the asceticism does not break, no contact whatsoever for spice to life, it also doesn't fix human suffering float, so He decided to abandon the ascetic practices, after renouncing the ascetic practice, on the way to the River, he received th Meditation Venture Ni bat milk from the donation of the Shepherd, He felt his body healthy and whose main, this event helped Him claim his cultivation methods are the way Middleavoid two outlawed extremist and ascetic practices. As you have mentioned in many Scriptures in A function as well as Nik ˆ ya, namely ' Loads to avoid Distinction ' in "the Middle" volume 3, listed as follows:

"Do not ignore the physical maintenance, hå, blackguard, chums, not order, do not contact purposes. Nor should conduct maintenance autism asceticism, suffering, not ranks, not the purpose. Give the two extremists, have the middle was like a hybrid of enlightenment, into the eye, the mind, leading to NET security, win, enlightenment, Nirvana. "1

Content Sutra has the Buddha advised, the lead Male on stilts or rather to all people should not fall into two extreme is live life unfocused enjoyment or incompatible pressed correctly. According to Mr. hai this lifestyle is not beneficial for themselves. What is unfocused life enjoyment desire? Let the problem be clearly understood, they try to find out his materialist faction Ajita Kesa Kambala, is one of the school. Advocates of this faction are given in the "monthly magazines A function" of 154 as follows:

"Do something, do something, run by the implications of something, so soak up rays what, due to see the falls where something, cause beings saw like this, say like this: ' no alms, not society, not paying attention, no newspaper industrial way, the evil, no life, no other life, no parents, no being, no world, in the world there is A-la-Han, Chief Justice, Chief Executive of degree not geared to this world or the hereafter ... "2

Ajita Kesa Kambala is host of the only faction, also called Pros, for that 4: geographical, marine, fire, manners are the factors that are independent of the human world and, due to this great establishment 4. Negating the existence of the soul or ego, death is the end, the four great returns for four great, besides the 4 elements are nothing. Therefore, the purpose of human life is in search of the pleasure, and by all means enjoy the pleasure that, when alive, to avoid regrets later. With such ideological viewpoint, so he advocates deny any moral values, said: there is no Bell, no newspaper industrial way, the evil, no life, no life, no, not even a moral parents London spouse usually females, no humanno results ... will cease after death, so this life for an epicurean, even it is the eternal known as nefarious, Rob or murder, robbery wife who ...According to the Buddha, the view of life and how to enjoy so, actually there is no happiness, moreover that no danger to themselves but also to endanger society, partaking negativity, doesn't bring enlightenment and Liberation, the Buddha advises Female stilts should abandon this way of life. But he does not deny the value of the material. As set out in the "Junk Economics A function" of 912 are as follows:

"This hamlet Chief, has three sexual enjoyment enthusiast class, the divine Lady, keep, clown lowly ...

"This hamlet Chief, what are the three grades who liked sex enjoyment, the divine lady continue Prince clown lowly? Is someone's enjoyment of sex contacts by sexual abuse constitute an illegal way, not happily for yourself, don't serve healthy parents, providing for his wife and son, brothers, who in her children, progeny, friends knew; nor does it depend on the donation for Sa, Ba-la-Mon, to demand thing coming at peace where hoped life after birth to the Sun. It's called first-person class, sexual enjoyment in the world.

"Again, this hamlet Chief, someone's enjoyment of sex contacts by taking verbal abuse of French constitute a material illegally, in order to provide all the joyfulness for yourself, serve packages for parents, providing for his wife and son, brothers, who do, her children bereaved of friends knew; but do not depend on the donation for Sa, Ba-la-Mon, to demand thing coming at peace where hoped life after birth to the Sun. It's called the sexual enjoyment of the second class.

"Again, this hamlet Chief, someone's enjoyment of sex contacts by taking France to material rather than by sexual abuse amounting to manually provide all joyfulness for yourself, offer to serve for parents, providing for his wife and son, brothers, who in her children, progeny, friends knew, as well as the donation for Sa-hisShe-la, to demand thing coming at peace where hoped life after birth to the Sun. It's called the sexual enjoyment of a third class "3.

Through the content medium passage leads, the Buddha addressed 3 of enjoyment of desire: first, is the class in any way usurp the property of others, and then let the discharge waste spending, catering to the wish of his, did not help shares to his wife, his parents, brothers, relatives and even also not alms donation for the sa Brahmin subject to future approval of expectation.Second, the class is also by nefarious abuse of appropriation of another's property. After appropriating the spending glee enjoyment, for himself and for his family, but no donation Sa, Brahmin, to expectation blessed future. Third, is the class earn the property not the illegal appropriation, by his strength. After earning the money, her enjoyment of property that I earn, said division of help for children, parents, siblings and relatives, also said Bell donation by Sa Brahmin subject to expectation result reported in the future. In a three-class people enjoy using this material, e c Buddha criticized first-person class and 3rd class n canopy. That shows the Buddha does not advocate a radical way of enjoyment, but does not mean absolute uncontested enjoyment spending materially, making money and spending rationally was Buddha Council. But we also need to note that, although his assets that earn legally, using a coin that enjoyment of sex, lost nothing, the way of enjoyment that is inconsistent with the spirit of the life material used in Buddhism, why? because in view of the Buddha, the physical enjoyment of good and bad has two effects: it is called good and rewarding only when a reasonable use of receptor, helps the body healthy, not a chronic disabilities; otherwise known as bad, because they will make the body healthy, not illness, eating nutritious, so high that the body cannot digest are becoming the illness. Through the developed material excess, depression belongs to the enjoyment of eating a lot, such as the type of chronic obesity, cholesterol ... all have originated from eating outlawed. This is the meaning of why Buddha uncontested first extreme is the life of enjoyment. However, the Buddha also did not agree with the ascetic life, life is doomed body, no benefits, such as the Qi faction Na higher education advocates. Referring to this way of ascetic seclusion, as '' ' the U.s. Economy Suffering Aggregates ' in "Central" narrative as follows:

"Hey Mahànàma, a stay at Rajagaha (Dormitories), Gijjhakuta mountain (Thứu). At the time, a lot of Ni hopea (Nigantha) at Isigili slopes, above the Kalasila (the black Lava), stand, not sit and feel the life experience fighting, miseries, fierce, sharp sensitivity ... "4

This is the main story is the eye That sees the Religious nuns in Qian'an County mountainside Isigili ascetic practices, they all day all night stand not sitting or lying, or lying on the spikes, is located on the stinking dead, do not eat not drink ... endure the life feeling intense suffering. For the purpose of tracing the enlightenment and liberation. As they explain:

"All ranks is the Nigantha Nataputta-tri, all comments ... The claims are as follows: the Nigantha, if chaos who have done evil, let's make her career goals trail by fierce ascetic. The not done evil in the future due to maintenance-related households, the households maintained on word of mouth, the households maintained on your right in the present, stay here. The main such thanks to the scorching, the end of the career of the past, don't do the new career, without the further in the future. Do not continue in the future, the industry be eradicate; due to being eradicated, be eradicated; because of the gauge are eradicated, Shou be eradicated; because sympathy Shou be eradicate, all the suffering will be objective and tear 5 ... "

Through the content medium passage leads, host master of Ni Hopea Prince explained, want to destroy the evil in the past, by practicing asceticism, make yourself more miserable how fiercely the industry more evil goal trail soon. The goal trail the evil karma makes itself, enlightenment and Liberation appears. This career-killing perspective completely different from the perspective of Buddhist Karma removal. Buddhism believes that, in the 3, Italy career is most important, the body has to do evil, evil Word mouths, are both due to my direction. Therefore, the origin of human afflictions suffering is caused by ignorance, want to eradicate ignorance, must take the Alliance News wisdom, to steer for the oral and the trendy talk rationally, not the doomed punk ascetic if body bring the enlightenment freed, the Lifer who became Buddha enlightenment freed before us. Consequently, practices in Buddhism is not ascetic practice, with just enough physical life, to know minimum education tri, and anyway do Leanne Buddha came alive, is the function of human intelligence, when it appears, it is the torch breaks the darkness of ignorance, cut yarn seconds negativity. What is the minimum life of sex, tri? Who knows disgrace, knowing the position and his ability, these indispensable necessities for people just enough spice don't deprivation to be, life isn't spoiled, not that people want to end this and want another one. How does enough levels are subject to each person, depending on social circumstances, should not take a principle would make standards for the know enough.

In summary, the enjoyment of desire is too extreme a degree; In contrast to ascetic lifestyle, an exiled bodies is also an extreme, both this lifestyle is not beneficial for themselves to others, share experiences, bringing suffering ..., so the Buddha advised we should avoid two extreme then, and should live the life middle, i.e. life is not too extreme for enjoying a villa or favoring. This is the meaning of the concept of central Buddha is discovered and claims after He spent two of enjoyment and lifestyle practice. This is also the reason why He defined Middle Road by bowls of legitimacy (s. îryŒ • ÊŒvgika-mŒrga, p. Ariya aÊÊha magga gika º), as he is presented in the ' Long Sentences is taken Unconscious to avoid ' in "A Central function" as follows:

"This radical two depart the Middle, last into the eyes, into positions in, into, taken to another, leading to enlightenment, to Nirvana '. This issue was discussed with the causes? Here, the Saints led the eight genera, from Chief of staff to the Chief Justice, called eight. Because this event that says: depart two extremists have middle, last into the eyes, into positions in, into, taken to another, leading to enlightenment, to Nirvana. "6

Even in the ' Products ' in Zhuan Falun "Buddha Promo Dafang Grave Flowers" also explains the Chinese path ' Bowl of Legitimacy ' as follows:

"Buddha taught the Male stilts ... you need to know, the renunciation has two types of obstacle course. Something called the two? One who is immersed in sex scenes, it's hard to escape the scene, this is the phu HA senseless human class, not the scene to tier to the eye, as it is of liberation, is bringing back the Cup, not to God, not human as the Buddha, is not to lead to Nirvana. The two are not primary legs thinking will bring suffering the brain itself, not the only ones suffering in the past but also suffered miserable results in the present and the future. Consequently, the Male stilts give two types. We're now because he says France middle, the Female stilts need to listen. Something called the Middle relief? The Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of thinking, speech, the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice effort, mindfulness and the Chief Justice to "7

We try to put the matter: why humans fell into two extreme lifestyle: loose in the paint and supplies doomed himself by way of ascetic seclusion? Seriously find out causes, they arise from ignorance (avidyŒ), so ignorance does not recognize the right and wrong, to sexual harassment, the Chief Pagan, so the right is wrong, the wrong is right, the practice should not practice, not French practice is practice, lead to unhappiness. Want to put an end to this ignorance need to illuminate the mind, manifested by the way Baghdad districts, i.e.: 1. the Chief Justice (p. samma-ditthati), 2. Chief thinking (samma sankappa-Ward), 3. Speech (samma-vaca), 4. The Chief Justice (samma kammanta-Ward), 5. Chief Justice Network (samma ajiva-Ward), 6. Chief Justice effort (samma vayama-Ward), 7. Mindfulness (samma sati-Ward), 8. The Chief Justice (p. samm dhiti ˆ). That is when humans live by Chief Justice ant the people the primary foot thoughts; because some thought the foot works for should say foot job and foot well works, lives are also primary legs; also thanks to Chief Justice Chief Justice Ant this thinking, the effort of the foot's Chief, reciting mantras, Chief Justice chon TAM also has legs, so does the public live and work in; anyone living in, he has wisdom; who has the wisdom is know the right the wrong, the good, the benefit itself benefit people hurt themselves to hurt people, thanks so so do not fall into either extreme. This is meant to be the Buddha defined the middle path ' Bowl of Legitimacy '.

Seriously speaking, the meaning of the concept of Central leader, it is relevant to the matter, referring the leader's mention of enjoyment and asceticism were extreme. But this is not the only meaning of the theory of Middle relief, from the concept was later developed into the happenings of arguments are not, usually đoån are two extremists on voter opinion. This is the point we need to pay attention. in section II below, we will learn about concepts like just referring

2. do not accept the two extremists: there is no Central leader

The metaphysical issues that the Buddha did not answer as: "the world often or impermanent world, property boundary or the boundless; b. the network i.e. other lives or other body; As Lai annihilation, or As not annihilation ...? '8 is the subject of the Indian philosophers of contemporary interest and constantly discussed, anyone, be social attention, he must choose one of two extreme views. Likewise, the Buddha is prominent, with the theory of pratītyasamutpāda, given that his life is impermanent, so He also interrogate. Question: the world often impermanent? that means asking: If The Crown believes that the world is often, that means You accept this world ' there '; If You believe that the world is impermanent, which means accepting the view: the world is not there. If the people and the world are non-destructive, then practice what to do? This is exactly the problem that the religious philosopher now want the Buddha clearly states his opinion. In fact, the Buddha was based from moral pratītyasamutpāda, should lead to the conclusion: humans and the world is impermanent. The content and meaning of the concept ' impermanence ' (s. Anitya, p. anattan), it does not mean that denies the existence of our people and the world, the concept of impermanence with regard to Indian philosophers is a new concept, not in ways reflecting turyền President, so they have put the issue to the World as it is very understandable and obvious. This is the reason why, in the Buddhist texts often mention the concept of Yes and no. As "Samyutta" Buddha refers to:

"This Kaccàyana, this world much of this radical second only to health care: Yes and no. Hey Kaccàyana, who with Chief wisdom sees as chon TAM world episode run, do not accept the world's no. Hey Kaccàyana, who with Chief wisdom sees as chon TAM's world, the piece does not accept the world is going. "9

Through the content and meaning of passage has just that, India is an ethnic favoritism of metaphysical thought, want to learn the nature of this world? How does it exist? eternity or the removal? Said that: the world is there (eternity) is a point of view; given that the world is not (the killing) is a point of view. Two perspectives often conflict and antagonistic debate each other, destroying mutual grip. As for the two positions, the Buddha are not accepted, given that there are two extreme. Why? Because this world is not whether or not it exists with a status of impermanence, the relentless upheaval, so the great wall the universe which by fate, so that the combined nature of the French is impermanent. If each element of the world are impermanent, then the world could not know; the world is then no change certain General to call it there, don't call it is not because the world is present the general situation of the French. To clarify the meaning of this "Great bowl of Nirvana" explains:

"The French don't have don't have to, because there are certain general. Why? Because (for example) due to the label, there is good, there is light, there is Italy, which for this knowledge, knowledge should appear not in the label, the colors, the light, in Italy, in memory, not in the Middle, so they don't have to have the will. Because they are so charming, so called, but they don't have self owned, so called. For that reason, so call the French weren't there don't take to fail. "10

The French coast guard personnel by the meeting that the so called that, but the nature of the self, no names of independent existence, so call it. If that is true there is an extremist; Conversely if the France impermanence that it is not also an extreme. Apart from the two extremists: accept that and accept this not, called Central. As such, the concept of central leadership here is defined is not there, nor accept. Accept and accept the justification analysis is the same.

3. the first word is no middle

In addition to the two middle significance has just been mentioned in parts 1 and 2. In the Mahayana Buddhist texts also mention the first meaning is Central. Related to this meaning, of "the great bowl of Nirvana" explains:

"Buddha's name is ' not ' supposed first ， the first meaning is not wisdom. The call is NOT not not not not not (there). The place to see it is not just real, (see France) has often and impermanent, suffering and medium medium medium medium fall, egolessness. Not all birth and death, not as the great nibbana, anatta even saw also the birth and death, saw the fall called Nirvana. See all without without seeing any real or not called Middle relief. Even seen all of France are anatta without seeing (France) is falling, it is not called (Administrator). Middle i.e. the Buddha's name, based on this meaning, should know Leanne Buddha is usually constant invariant. They are born because of ignorance obscures, so don't see the Buddha's name; portfolio Gerald Van Visual Coast just to see all of France are not, but do not see the real France is not, see the French as anatta without seeing the France is falling. Because of this reason that didn't see the first meaning, it does not find the first definition does not, so it's not Central Executive Director, as Executive Director for China not to see the names of Buddha. "11

"Great bowl of Nirvana" are classics of Buddhism (Mah-ˆ y na) is a common ideological stance has lost weight and fell. This High definition is the first sense; The first means of intelligence, as well as the Buddha's name. Wisdom that Buddhism is the intellectual type defines three la suite (s. Pra-j-a-paramit ˆ), it is not synonymous with the concept of pa--a, is the kind of wisdom due to distinguish that there. Who are intellectual (s. Pra-j-a-paramit ˆ) who see the truth before the French capital because of pratītyasamutpāda which formed, what do pratītyasamutpāda formed what became known as the impermanent or not, they are impermanent, cannot but not the No. As such, the French never not there. Yes and no are just two of the phenomenon is a problem, accept or accept the irregularities is extreme, the prejudices, the place to see the French just have just not seen that one, honest. So, if anyone who only sees the French as impermanence, egolessness is not, without seeing the French as often, is not, is falling, it's a no-brainer, not visible to the first definition does not, does not see the Buddha's name, not The Executive. In contrast, people would see the France just common, medium sized impermanence egolessness has just fallen, just not real or people uncivil wisdom, saw the first non-sense and sees France's moral Center. This is the meaning of the concept of central direction in the Mahayana sutras is defined as the first non-sense.

4. pratītyasamutpāda is the Middle

Before we go deeper analysis to explain the meaning of ' pratītyasamutpāda is the middle '. Here we first noted, according to the history of Indian Buddhism, uncivil ideology of Buddhism are appearing throughout the time of The Buddhist sect. Thus, in the conclusions of the Buddhism in the Middle-one highly uncivil not thought (§ ènyat ˆ) and ideological critique (bh ˆ va). Here the concept of Mahayana Buddhism which deposed government as advocates ' T so, France can hang ' of the Novel Depth Necessary Possession (SarvŒstivŒdin). The concept of ownership invisible or not, it is not the objects that the classics A jaw or Nik ˆ ya denials had not thought of the layman, because these are 2 different historical stages. A further point should also be noted that, from the Han dynasty room sometimes make us confused. For example, from pratītyasamutpāda (s. prat ´ tya-samutpŒda, p. paÊcca-samupp ˆ skin) is theoretically to be Buddhas enlightenment under the Bodhi tree, maple tree, it is sometimes translated as ' coastal people ', while that from the novel 6 (sad-hetavah) 4 charm (catvārah pratyayāh) of Organic foot 12 also translates as ' coastal ' people strategies. Literally 2 words knowingly, not quite the same, because France pratītyasamutpāda with laws, from which developed into 12 coastal celebration is the theory of demonstration of the process born of suffering, from the psychological theory of human coastal 4 6, also pursuant to the law of pratītyasamutpāda formationbut human charm 4 6 theory primarily analyze the formation of the material world. For example the first products of the "Central" is ' human dignity ' Coast Bar, with content this section Long tho uncontested theory of human fate. But the 22nd products, including: coastal shelf post human born France, fell unconscious a news story ... ', with the content that the French do multiply s/he was born. Affordable ideologies of this cosmetics two. The anomaly is caused by confusion about the words. As such, the word personality charm in the first product was the theory of Organic foot 6 4 kernel, for so Long tho denials, in contrast from the coast guard in the 22nd products only for novel pratītyasamutpāda. This is the point we need to pay attention.

Back issue, in "the great bowl of Nirvana" refers to the meaning of pratītyasamutpāda is as follows:

"Headless Buddha bodhisattva is often shown by insight. Why? because the French don't have the will, there is a certain general. Why? Formula born because due to the coast guard, eye colors, light, mind and memory, so this method is not only due to a human eye or ... is that there is, so the nature of them is not there, not not, nor in the middle section. Due to human fate for so called there, they do not have the nature for so called non. So so As Lai said: France has never failed. "13

The content to fit the passage, Germany World Religion commonly use dealer Central direction for use in all matters of daily life, do not fall into any of the attitude of bigotry would, either accept or not accept, right or wrong ... because whether or not just the phenomenon, not the essencebecause the nature of the French is pratītyasamutpāda impermanent turning room, now there is no tomorrow, no tomorrow after tomorrow there, evidence to determined is whether or not? Who is assertive is there or not, presume commit himself to the suffering, because everything is changing. Sad about business plans fail, or put people suffering famous, its cause is probably not beyond determination of his bigotry. Right and wrong, too, how do you decide which is right or wrong, as a common denominator for everyone, with this person is right but with the other is wrong. As the clothes look forward to sunny, but gardeners back to rain. One of them is true, is wrong? Today this convalescent therapy with this drug is right, but it has later become dangerous (false) if not distemper. There is no right or wrong, and it's hard to say, when the problem is not specific. So, who has Tri cannot have a common decision in this case. The main reason for the problem everything everything in this life, all because of people s/he becomes more human and charm of each problem differs, can not solve the problem in a stereotyping, took this argument to other issues, getting the issue resolved today to the problem. This is the reason why in the Mahayana Buddhist teachings generally uncontested the attitude, or take a negative approach to explain the problem. It is also the moral that Life Long advocated pratītyasamutpāda emptiness or the theory of middle. As the Court shelves in ' Products ' in "the great Treatise Of Minds":

若法因緣生 是法性實空

若此法不空 不從因緣有

譬如鏡中像 非鏡亦非面

亦非持鏡人 非自非無因

非有亦非無 亦復非有無

此語亦不受 如是名中道 14.

If France by Frida was born,

France--which is not,

If France does not,

Not from the coast guard.

Such as the scene in the mirror,

There are scenes, mirrors,

Wasn't the mirror,

Don't have to, don't have to human emotions,

This word is not tho,

So call Middle relief.

"The great Treatise Of Minds" is the conclusion to bodhisattva Nagarjuna ideological interpretation of Sutra. According to Lu (呂澂) Sutra is the earliest appearance of the Central Mahayana Buddhism thừa15, thought of the investment is: ' going there ' emptiness (性空幻有). Of known as emptiness, because of the nature of the remedies do not have self owned, however the concept of ' no ' here, no means no; It has but it is not really there that is ' supposedly ' (praj-apti), so called ' going there ', the concept of going as the water bubbles, flowers in the light of nowhere, like dream ... In this sense are the shelves of "Uncivil Dharani Sutra Three La Suite" Description:

一切有為法, Taylor

如夢幻泡影, Taylor

如露亦如電, Taylor

應作如是觀 。16

Depth setting property en France,

As the cell going to dream,

As highway Heron as electricity.

But like the restaurant.

Compounded this shelf article vi is the France by four great form, their existence is not durable, light and height loss, like the dew on the grass, like a dream, like the foam on the River, like the flow of lightning on the Sun ... the existence of Excalibur. Life, too, there are hundred years than those endless immensely! Life was impermanence was suffering, and that the new maintenance, not bigotry to let go of people makes people more and more miserable. Try asking the bigotry that originated from? Presume from ignorance but ignorance about what? is not see the essence of the French capital is pratītyasamutpāda and bigotry that is real. That's why in the "middle" ' Supplies A Tetrarchy ' (k ryasatya ˆ ˆ • ´-par, 觀四諦品) Wed 24

眾因緣生法, 我說即是無,

亦為是假名, 亦是中道義 17.

By Lydia b. France,

I say which is not,

It also calls the pretending,

Also called Secondary meanings.

All of France in the world are due to human fate together. What do human charm made up what he has himself before, because no self owned, so call it not; No, but by no means no, yes but not really there, so that there is just going to get there or fake. If the position clearly understood the nature of the remedies as such, so it's not accept has also not accept no, call it middle. As such, the content and meaning of the Middle concept is built on the basis of moral pratītyasamutpāda. Anyone seen to be ethical pratītyasamutpāda he sees France, who saw the French people, who see the Buddha's you see and live the High life, not have nor accept no, donot also does not accept the paragraph. This is the meaning of moral pratītyasamutpāda is Central.

5. Left of the second boundary is Middle

Actually, the meaning of the second border is absent from the Central DAO has been mentioned above. But the concept of the second border articles this means extreme, bad, not true to the practice have to depart two extremists to be freed. As outlawed desire and ascetic practice, accept that and accept no, usually and paragraph ... are two extreme bad nature is not right. However, here referring to the concept of the second boundary, it means a particularity, that need to be looked at. For example, good and evil is also two extremists to give up. Here, doing evil is not good behavior, should have to give up is right, but why in good behavior also suggest abandoning. This is the point that will be clarified in this section. Concerning the meaning of the second border was difficult, as we see in "the great Treatise Of Minds" are you Nagarjuna mentioning:

"Accept the ego's aside, accept the egolessness is also a party. Give two bigotry "is called The" 18

Also in this treatise, Nagarjuna again went on to explain:

"Then again, ignorance is a party (radical), the cessation of ignorance is also an extremist; Bodhisattva is the a side, 6 ba la suite is a party; Buddha was a party, Bodhi is also a party; Uncivil three la suite is a party, the uncivil three la suite is a party. Depart on either side is the Central leader, it's called uncivil three la suite. "19

Or in "The Uncivil Three La Suite" also refers to:

"This Symbolism The Echo! Possible investment conference and 5 provincial legions were cockroach head in the computer it's not discrepancy, no no, no no to go well, there's no result, no good nor evil. "20

Passage through these comments has just that, what it means is not the same as what kind of issue extreme p ch as in parts 1, 2, 3.4, the bigotry both extremism are incorrect, misleading, as the life of enjoyment is misleading, false is also incompatible, so to give them, give up two this lifestyle called Middle relief. However, in the Mahayana sutras back refers to the kind of extreme bigotry carried other meanings. As the evil work is an extreme, but the philanthropist as well as extreme; ignorance is, put an end to ignorance as well as extreme; Uncivil is an extreme, Africa is also Uncivil extremists, even sentient beings is extreme, the result is also a Buddhist extremists. ... Runs real good is bigotry is an extreme, true, but why the left is also extreme bigotry? that's the meaning of it? Try asking, the Buddha advised us to leave the evil with goodness, the effort to practice the subtraction of ignorance, the Nirvana St. result to do? the contradiction? In fact no contradiction of two teachings because there is no right or wrong in case the problem was laid out specific, such as lack of drugs is better than drugs in the Pharmacy, which serves the various depression treatments, drugs known as good or not is subject to the coordination between doctorsthe convalescent and smoking, if coordination is not good, then what good are also became bad, harmful to health. Also, when referring to the second issue, an editor of the treated between good and real, between right and wrong, between sentient beings and Buddhas Chu ... to determine the absolute value of one of these two problems, it's clear that could hardly occur to degrees of enlightenment. If today's society does not accept a doctor for patients taking the wrong drugs, if we view the Buddha as a doctor specializing in psychological treatment, make sure You also cannot arbitrarily a doctrine, a method of therapy would treat everyone. This is the meaning which the Buddha said:

“...Bodhisattva is the person with profound wisdom, can't use mistake to just teach them. So when He declares the sermon did not thoroughly opposed to sentient beings, that's why when You see the Mahayana teachings, myriad said sailings not talking Poisonous doctrines and Gerald van. Likewise; to see the object is Toxic Poisonous doctrine called it sense, to see the van Thinh said the Catechism written by Gerald ... "21

Well, in any case the Buddha comes to, philanthropist is an extreme, working real good is also an extreme, negativity is extreme, Bodhi is also extremism ...? According to the article, this means only appear when the Buddha went bankrupt the bigotry of every Noble literature, (if standing on the Mahayana stance and the U.s.) or right than those that thought, wanted to bring the Dharma to society on the lives of ordinary people. This point presume the venerable conservative nature of course disagree, given that it's a dangerous job, real, harmful to the Dharma, is the way to go against trends of enlightenment moksha or nirvana. This is the reason why in the Mahayana sutras concerning radical evil is friendly as well as extremism, they are extremist radical was also a Nirvana or bigotry. To clarify the meaning of this, here we can borrow the story about the bè22 of Female stilts to cross the River (due to Belgium on the left) in the ' For Sex Snake ' (Alaggadupamasutttam) of 22, "Central" episode 1. The story is that, there are two Female stilts stood before the river feel to this side of the River, across the river an OK and happy, so it's a situation in which you yourself take tree leaves together into the raft, taking it over the other side, when to place the life raft because of graceher taste, so don't give up the raft to enjoy life liberty and happiness, which he left to hold the raft, or wear it over the shoulder. This is first-person attitude toward the raft. The Female second is done also on stilts to cross the River, but its not because of the grace of life raft that must in one way or the other to hold the raft, he explicitly put the raft in the River, to be free living and liberation. So this give the Buddha said: "the French Public have to removed conditions is unlawful." The verse is repeated in the "Diamond Sutra". Through this specialized statements, it suggested to us, the Male on stilts was an example of those who come to Dharma's renunciation, the convent into gaining a couple of France, b. mind the complacent, or feel too happy happy in their achievements, so that self is enough, which led to the case of attitude, not to accept the advice of the other person only commandments, so does unit have missed the meaning of enlightenment and liberation in the Dharma. This is why the Buddha declares: "the French Public have to removed conditions is unlawful." This verse Italy criticized the attitude bigotry. The two Male this stilts Buddha praised the Male stilts Monday and did not agree its National bigotry attitude on stilts. Meaning that in the Scriptures of Buddhism when it comes to evil is an extreme, goodwill is also an extremist; passion is an extreme, Satori is also an extremism. .. it is also mentioned in the same case. Absent from this case that said donation is extreme, Nirvana, enlightenment ... is extreme, it's lost in space.

Here, because of the benefits the tu study Dharma, I would like to present a few personal comments. When referring to the French Chief Justice removed case is illegal, in case he has reached fruition, as people across the River from then speak up or won't leave the boat, this side of the river can not discuss this issue, which needs to discuss how to make the boat, search for the boat, seized the boat, unable to discuss UN role, where the boats that leave? If the other side is not that talking up the boat, then he never passed through the other side. Also, with the new leader, the doctrine a novice must learn to know him personally, or accidentally or deliberately is not subject, in this way or the other Dodge; In contrast want to do master nest, says the phrase subliminal expressions acts oddly, deliberately expressed an attitude deeply accept, freely, in order to satisfy your desire. When the life of skeptical questions in the answer in the style of bending creep like eel, deliberately avoiding the issue, concealed by speaking the phrase beyond Super Buddha, making the listener does not know what is right, what is wrong, what is good, what is bad. Though people should look like, how education or educational body so completely not true spirit of Buddha, it not only benefits the person says, for the listener but also is harmful to another, more and more dangerous, it becomes bad figures, as obstacles along the path of Dharma transmission in Hoangmost are people and today's society. Do it yourself check back yourself, first four Thinh van has yet to talk to discharge the Buddha left Holy? This is the problem the Buddhist we need to pay attention and understand the problem. If each of us understands and accordance the spirit education of the Buddha, the Buddhist is a solid brick building works, the Dharma without any lyrics or advocated the slogan calling for protection of the Chief Justice, but the French public still shine in the world, and the world into the shume Hong Yang Dharma, each one of us was a Buddhist teachers of French are citation export Chief urban planner. By contrast, then we are undermining the Dharma rather than Hong Yang Dharma.

In summary, if as in the primitive Buddhism refers to two extremists were the two areas are bad, not beneficial, as the wild-desire and enjoyment, the ascetic practices of Buddhism refers to two extremists with bigotry inner self. Were is the bigotry on the forms used are right or wrong, whether in good faith or good also from the mind, so it's not ignorance of wisdom. As Zen master Suzuki has said, was cuffed, though it was made of iron or gold were cuffed at all, can't say better iron cuffs gold cuffs. Therefore, the place to see the nature and function of the cuffs, so not because of the gold and get cuffed handcuffed themselves. People do not suffer the evil form as hindrances, for should he be freed, who freed the man who abandoned the two extreme and live in High spirits. This is the meaning of the second border is absent from the middle.

6. conclusion

China is a very important ideology of Buddhism. We've known this ideology through Buddhism, are You Nagarjuna xiển Ocean in the "middle". However, the ideological tenets of central leadership to wait until new Long tho, it was made quite soon through my own practice experience Buddha. during the development of this doctrine of Buddhism also developed according to that dimension. Means through each stage different history, different issues, human requirements are also different, so also has the Middle meaning differences.

If the primitive Buddhism mentioned the Central tenets is referring to the two visitors depart lifestyle of the enjoyment of desire, and the practice of ascetic body molding, or avoid these two extreme world that is often longer or the kill, then Buddhism mentioned angle bigotry in terms of perception, the view of psychotherapy. If only for that, drinking, saying no is actually any good, need to abandon them, but when others need the alcohol to others, or in the case of lying to save sentient beings, it can't keep about drinking or not lying, but need to drink alcohol to others and have to lie in order to rescue sentient beingsstill, behavior consistent with the spirit of the Act. In this case, don't drink, don't lie is the bigotry. As to upset the bigotry of the stupid class so the Buddha says: real extreme is a charity that charity is also a radical, left two extremists is Central. This is the meaning of Chinese Buddhism.

In addition, longer pratītyasamutpāda is the middle or first word not as a centre forward. In fact this sense was no different for the two Central significance in the primitive Buddhism and Mahayana, but the two concepts emphasized in the perception of the nature of the two extremists. For example, when we don't know the nature of the French is so that the harmony coast, so we may be born bigotry is there or not, or or usually, so born suffering when they change, not true to his views. Conversely if we have seen the essence of things is pratītyasamutpāda, they do not have true names, is there or not, so it's not accept that, nor accept. The does not accept this call is the Central leader, it is also called the first definition does not.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.29/4/2014.NAM MO SAKYA MUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).