The Buddha Taught That. ************************************************ |
Chapter VI: theory of egolessness
Chapter Six
ANATTA (ANATTA).
What people often called spirits, or ego, is to refer to an absolute entity, nine schools in man, a possible world behind invariant constant phenomenon. As a matter of religion, each person has a soul separate from the like due to God creating, and soul after death will live forever in hell or heaven. Its fate depends on the judge of who created it. According to some religions, the soul undergoes multiple life, until it is completely clean and eventually become identical with God or Brahma, Brahman, the universal soul or Àtman from there it emanates. The soul or ego in humans think, feel, and get the payoff of all its evil acts. A concept like that called Fork.
Buddhism is a unique religion in religious history of humanity denies the existence of a soul, or Àtman like that. According to Buddhist teachings, falling out of a belief is wrong, does not correspond to reality, and it arises the disastrous ideology of "I" and "my" selfish desire, not bored, the good player, anger, evil, arrogant, ego and the UE other pollution problems. It is the source of every tangled lace in the world, from personal disputes until the war between peoples. In summary, all the work of in the hell on Earth stems from misconceptions.
There are two deep-rooted idea of human psychology: self defence and self. Because want to defend human made by God to cry, to be sheltered, be guaranteed security, cry like a child on the parents. Because the want to survive one has to invent the idea of an immortal soul or Àtman will live forever to endless. In foolish, weak, fear, desire, people need two things--to reassure, soothe; for that reason they cling to one another fanatic and engrossed.
Buddhist teachings do not support dung the foolish, weak, fear, desire, that essence as human beings count by eliminate, destroy, eradicated the practice. According to Buddhism, the idea of God and the soul are misleading, empty. Although the ideas he developed profound, woven into the novels, all of which is the launch of sophisticated minds imagine a tangle noun metaphysical and philosophical complexities. These ideas have ingrained roots in the human psyche, intimacy with them so that they do not expect to hear, nor want to understand a moral would reverse.
The Buddha knew that, he taught that his teachings "go back" (patisotagàmi), contrary to the desire of human selfishness. Four weeks after the Enlightenment, sitting under an ancient origin, Mr. "I have evidence a profound reality, difficult to see, hard to understand ... just the new grips. People who are passionate about tame, is ignorance cannot fins would see this truth, because it's back, it's deep, subliminal, subtle vàkhó think the table. "
Think so, the Buddha was hesitant for a while: "is useless if we're not trying to lecture to the world the truth that we were entering?" Then you compare the world like a Lotus pond: he had more flowers in the water, there are other flowers have just hung up on the water, but also the flowers rise up from the Lake and no longer tamper with the water. Also in this world, the level of human development. There are some people who will understand the truth. Thus the Buddha decided to teach the truth he [1].
Li egolessness is natural results, is the conclusion of the analysis of skandha and pratītyasamutpāda (or charm, paticca-samuppàda) [2].
In the discussion of truths (Imperial Gauge, dukkha), we've seen what we call the soul or the fish may be made by the five aggregates, and when the five aggregates analysis we don't see what's behind them can be is me, Àtman, or or any other self standing field invariant. Ðấy is a method of analysis. I also have the same result when considering disciplinary pratītyasamutpāda, synthetic methodology, and this law does nothing on the world is absolute. All things (France) are relatively limited, and interdependence. This is the theory of Buddhism.
Before you actually go into the matter of egolessness, we should have a law about the concept of pratītyasamutpāda. The principle of this theory is summarized in a formula that contains four lines:
This one, then the other is (imasmim sati idamhoti).
This is born, the other born (idam imassuppàda uppajjati). This is not, then the other is not (imasmim asati idam na hoti). This one, then the other killer (nirodhà airujjhata idam imassa) [3].
In principle, the conditions for mutual and subject, the continuation of life and its cessation was explained in a detailed recipe called pratītyasamutpāda, (i.e. the start condition or fate) is composed of 12 factors:
1-ignorance (do) charm (for) action (intentional or industrial activities) (avijjàpaccayà samkhàvà).
2-(do) charm (for) (samkhàrapaccayà vinnànam).
3-Way (do) charm (for) the identity (the psychological and physical phenomena) (Vinnànapaccayà nàmarùpam).
4-A (do) charm (for) the continental type (the 5 senses and consciousness) (Nàmarùpapaccayà salàyatanam).
5-enter (do) charm (for) contact (tamper, exposure) (salàyatanapaccayà phasso).
6-Exposure (do) charm (for the) longevity (feeling) (phassapaccayà vedanà).
7-Shou (do) charm (for) compassion (longing desire) (vedanàpaccayàtanhà).
8-Ai (do) charm (for) the seat (cling, cling to) (Tanhapaccayà upàdànam).
9-Player (do) charm (for) hũu (the process of birth and become) (upàdànapaccayà bhavo).
10-(do) charm (for) born (life, born) (Bhavapaccayà jàti).
11-(do) charm (for)
12-Geriatric (elderly) death (death) favor bi brain gauge (sad worry in pain) (Jàtipaccayà maranam jaràm).
This is the process by which life arose, the existence and progress. If we reverse the recipe again, I will go to the end of the process:
Ignorance kills the kill, kill, kill, kill the conscious awareness is a good kill, a good kill, the Mainland imported removal etc. until the birth, death, brain gauge bi ... kill.
Need to know one thing that each of the above factors are just as human as the fruit, it has just been decided (paticcasamuppanna), and just as conditions for (paticcasamuppàda) [4]. So they are all relative, interdependent and relate to each other, there is something absolute or isolated, so that Buddhism does not recognize that "first cause" as we have seen before [5]. Pratītyasamutpāda should look like a circle, it should not be considered a chain [6].
V n deals free will occupy an important position in thought and Western philosophy. But according to the law of pratītyasamutpāda, this problem does not arise and cannot arise in Buddhist philosophy. If all present are relatively limited, and dependent on each other, how alone the will can be free? the wish was also limited as any other ideology. What we call "free" itself is also relatively limited. Can not be something physical or psychological can absolutely freely, because all things are interrelated and comparatively. "free" implies the meaning a wish does not depend on the conditions, with cause and effect. How can a wish or anything that belongs to the will, can arise without those conditions, separate multiply and result-when the whole of the present are relatively limited and, in the law of cause and effect? Again here, the notion of free will is also closely related to the idea of God, the soul, the fair, the payoff. Not the so-called liberty was not freedom, that even the notion of free will is also not escape those conditions.
According to the law of pratītyasamutpāda, as well as by human analysis of the five aggregates, the idea of a possible nine school dies inside or outside humans, though called Àtman, I, Ego, soul, or something, is regarded as a false belief (TA), a shadow of the conscious mind. This is a Buddhist theory of anatta (anatta).
To avoid a mistake, here we should mention that there are two kinds of truth: the truth of Convention, Continue (sammutisacca), and the absolute truth or Win means (paramatthasaca) [7].
When we use normal words such as "I", "England", "spirit", "personal", etc. We're not lying, which says a true agreement under the Convention of the world. But the ultimate truth is that there is no "I" or "soul". As my Mahàyànasùtràlankàra (An old Mausoleum import surplus) taught: "a human (pudagala) should be considered only in the emulator (prajnapati) (that is, by Convention, one or human), but not in reality (dravya) [8].
"Denying an immortal soul is the General characteristics for every surplus Primary tenets system as well as An overpaid, and so there is no excuse for that extra Australian tradition, a tradition completely superfluous to point of view on this issue, has come away with the original teachings of the Buddha." [9]
By then, it was remarkable as recently few scholars (as Mrs. Rhys Davids and others) [10] tried-hopelessly-xen idea of falling into the doctrines of Buddha, one thing is absolutely opposed to Buddhism. The respected scholar, admirers and worshippers of upper Buddha and His teachings. They admired Buddhism. But they could not imagine that the Buddha, who they view as ideologically profound and most transparent nation, can deny the existence of Àtman, soul or ego that they really need to. They don't know that they are looking for the support of the Buddha for this demand, demand an immortal existence-of course not in one felled small fish with a letter n, which in the Fall with a letter N.
Preferably, one should say that they believe in Àtman or Ego, or one might say now that Buddha is totally wrong to deny the existence of a self. But certainly nobody should take on in the Buddhist idea that Buddha never accept, as we can see from the original Pàli.
The religions believe in God and the soul cannot conceal the two concepts, he declared them out, repeated many times by the most eloquent words. If the result status of Buddhism also accepts two ideas, the two most important ideas in all religions, then surely he has publicly declared them as he has other things, rather than let them be hidden to only discovered 25 centuries after He died.
One stab tempers when thought through the doctrine of anatta Mahayana Buddhism, ego that they imagine themselves there, will be destroyed. The Buddha is not unknown to this.
One day, a Bhikkhu stilts asked Him: "white, Respect What the German people were tormented and confused because no is in itself something nine schools?"
The Buddha answered:
-The fruit of this as Bhikkhu on stilts. When a person has "the universe is Àtman, after death we will be, nine schools, that remain invariant, stretching, we will exist as such until infinity," which is heard As a hybrid or a Hybrid Like Sami's theory led to the complete destruction of all thinking perspective ... brought to the quench thirsty craving, taken to the rescue, putting an end, Nirvana; people will think: "we will become the nothingness, I shall be destroyed, I will not any more." Consequently it moaning, worried, grieving, and crashing out in panic. Like this, where fruit, stilts Bhikkhu people were tormented when found in it something constant field [11].
In another segment, the Buddha teaches: Ask the Bhikkhu on stilts, "we will no longer exist, nothing else" makes people so scared. "[12]
Those who want to find a "Fork" in Buddhism argues as follows: indeed the Buddha has analyzed humans out, tho, thought, consciousness (skandha), and that nothing in it is falling. But he does not say absolutely no Ego, where human or any other place out of the five aggregates.
This stance does not stand because the two are probably:
Perhaps the first was according to Buddhist teachings, humans just don't match the five aggregates as anything else. Neither would the Buddha said there is something different in the people, in addition to the five aggregates.
The second is probably the Buddha repeatedly denied, by the words of transparency, the existence of Àtman, soul or Fall in or out, or any where in the universe. This is a couple of examples:
In the Dhammapada (Dhammapada) has three shelves of utmost importance and essence of Buddha's teachings: Lesson 5, 6, 7 to Chapter 20 (or the verse number 277, 278, 279).
The two first verses says:
"All is impermanent" (sabbe samkhàrà aniccà) and
"All the suffering" (sabbe samkhàrà dukkhà). [or owner, is what is born, stay and kill; be combined due to the conditions – translator]
The third sentence is:
"All France egolessness" (sabbe dhammà anattà) [13].
Need special attention here that in the first two sentences, Word samkhàrà-"the things that condition"-has been used. But in the third sentence instead of the word samkhàra, the word dhammà was used. Why the third verse has not used the word, samkhàrà, "things have conditions", as the previous two sentences, which again used the French noun, dhammà instead? The most important point is the principal of the matter.
Noun, samkhàra [14] referring skandha, of all things, and the restricted status, interdependence, comparatively, all "legal" physical as well as psychological (France and French mentality). If the third verse says: "any (limited things) is anatta" then one might think things are restricted to be egolessness, however there may be a Fall outside those limited which, in addition to Five aggregates. To avoid misunderstanding that French nouns (dhammà) was used in the third verse.
The French noun has a wider operating range. There is no verb in the term for Buddhist studies has a wider range of French letters. It includes not only those things and conditional status, but also the unconditional, the absolute, Nirvana; nothing inside or outside the universe, good or bad, vi (condition) or wuwei (unconditional), absolute or relative, that are not included in the list of words. So, it's too obvious, according to the sentence "all France egolessness" then there is no Ego, no soul, not just in the Five aggregates, but also any where outside the five aggregates or separate from the skandha [15].
According to the original teachings, this means that there is no dirt in the person (puggala) or in France. Mahayana philosophy also has an identical stance, there is a varied yet on that point, the emphasis on the egolessness of France as well as human anatta (egolessness France, dhammanairàtmya and egolessness, pudgalanairàtmya).
In the Soap example Alagadddùpamasutta (Central I), Buddha taught his disciples: "ask the Bhikkhu stilts, he can cling to a falling (novel about ego) if it does not rise to melancholy, bi, pros, the brain. But hey the Bhikkhu stilts, he has found a crumpled conclusion would like it or not, a conclusion which, when accepted, will not arise, melancholy, miserable, favor, brain?
-In Germany The ton, absolutely not.
-Why, ask the Bhikkhu on stilts, Like Hybrids, too. The Bhikkhu on stilts, As Hybrids do not see a crumpled conclusion would which if accepted, would not arise, melancholy, miserable, pros, the brain. "[16]
If the Buddhas have accepted a crumpled conclusion, then surely he has come here because he said the Bhikkhu stilts accept a crumpled conclusion if that theory does not arise. But according to him, there is a theory like that, and any fall comments would, though subtle and subliminal to just pretending and imagining, born of every issue of trouble, trailed by the melancholy, bi, suffering, giving priority to the brain.
Next, also in the then Buddha said:
"Ask the Bhikkhu stilts, when that Ego or anything that belongs to the Fall doesn't do that, then this thinking perspective:" the universe is falling, we are Falling after death, will field nine, existence, permanent, immutable, and we will present it to the endless time ", his views have to be completely insane?"[17]
Here the Buddha clearly states that a Àtman, or soul, or Fallen, cannot find where in reality, and it's foolish to believe that there is something like that.
Those looking for a falling out in the doctrine of Buddha drawn a few examples that they translated wrong, it explains a way mistaken. One example is the attà reputation hi attano nàtho in the Dhammapada (XII, 4 or verse 160), has been translated as "I am the Lord", and explained that it meant the big Fall is Lord of the fork.
First of all, her translations are incorrect. Attà this does not mean that fell within the soul. In the Pàli, noun attà is often used as a noun, except in few cases used a special sense of philosophy to refer to the theory of the soul as seen above.
Under normal usage, such as in chapter XII of the Dhammapada, from that sentence on the soundtrack, and in many other places, attà is used as a possessive noun or verb participle, means "I", "you", "it", "I", "people", etc.[18]
Next, the word nàtho has no meaning "Lord", which is "helpless", "shelter, help đỡû, cover" [19]. By Attà hi attano really means "We are offering our own Lady". It's nothing to a metaphysical soul or self. It just means you have to press that count on yourself not one tree Hill back on others.
An example of the issue brought the idea of the Buddha's teachings fell into the Attadìpà anannasaranà attasarana, viharatha fame was separated from the circuit writer working out of bowl of Nirvana. This verse means by Italian translation: "Let's be the island for you, is for you, and don't see who else is where Princess trees" [21]. Those who wish to find fallen in Buddhism explained the words attadìpà and attasaranà are "get down to light", "get down make refuge" [22].
I do not understand the full meaning of the word Buddha advises A-nan (Ànanda) if one does not consider the context and the cultural circuit of which these words are uttered.
At that time the Buddha was staying at a village called Behuva, about three months before He died, bowl of Nirvana (parinirvàna). Now he was 80 years old, the edifice. But do you think shouldn't die without his retirement from the disciples of capital close to love Him. By then, the courage, the determination, He suffered all the pain, wins the surfer, and recovered. But His health is poor. Once recovered, the other day He sat in the shade outside the place You stay. A-nan, the Buddha's most devoted attendant, arrived in Germany for his endearing Professor of ethics, sitting next to Germany That show respect and transparency:
"The white preferred c World Religion, the German health care was That, having served Him during His illness. But when you see his condition, sky for becomes obscure, and the child's senses is no longer wise. However I have a small comforting thing is this: I think Germany is that Religion will not enter Nirvana without leaving the word Catholic mass to move Up. "
Then the Buddha is full of compassion and kindness, drilled the peace told the attendant dedication: "A dear Nan, unions increase the greying longer wait where we again? I told (the truth) does not distinguish high low. In terms of truth, As Lai nothing like fists closed tightly by a master (àcariyamutthi). This A-nan, if people would really like to old Growth old Growth, leaders are depending on them, then of course they will set out the directions. But As Hybrids do not have thought. So why As a hybrid to save these instructions relate to the old Tank organizations? Now we are already old, A-nan, was 80 years old. Like an old car need repairs to run, too, the body of the Tathāgata now only continue operating thanks to fix. By this, the A-nan, do it yourself to the island for you, get you to refuge, not to cry on anyone else; Let's take France to the island, taken to France as a refuge, no one else can take refuge for the thy [23].
What the Buddha wanted passed A-nan is too obvious. A-nan are sad painful melancholy. He thinks that he will be completely alone, no help, no refuge, no instructor, after Germany's great teacher Dao's death. By the Buddha gave him the consolation, telling him the courage, faith, taught that should come up in the political leadership and taking refuge in the "France" he has communicated, not relying on anyone else, into something else. In this issue about a metaphysical Àtman, or falls, is absolutely not aimed at it.
After that, the Buddha explains to A-nan how to can the island or shelter for himself: he is the academic center of attention a police body, mind, life and the French (French-4, see the next chapter about visualizations) [24]. Here, too, there is not a word would relate to the ego or soul.
Another also very often cited by those who want to find Ways in the Buddha's teachings. one day the Buddha sat under the trees in a forest on the way from Benarès (Three dollars) to Uruvelà. On that day there are 30 young princes are going camping with their younger wives in the same forest. A Prince had his wife bring a daughter Gypsy. While other people are laughing, then she steals a few precious items and fled. While searching for her in the forest, see the Buddha was sitting under a tree they had asked him to see a woman goes through. He asked what happened, and after listening to the explanation of the Buddha asked them: "you think, ask the young people? What is better for you: go find a woman, or find yourself? "[25]
It also left a question so simple and natural, there is no reason to put in the remote idea about Falling or soul. They respond better to search themselves. • Buddha tell them to sit down and preach to them. According to the French article that Buddha was preaching to them is also recorded in the Scriptures, no one would talk about ego.
He has written widely on the subject of "silence of Buddha", when an artist named Vacchagotta asked him there or not. The story is as follows:
Vacchagotta went to the Buddha and the ladies and asked:
-Sir Having-discussions, have fallen or not?
The Buddha silence.
-Well, Sir, there is no falling stars?
The Buddha back to silence.
Vacchagotta got up to leave.
After du (parivràjaka) leave, A-nan asked Buddha why He did not answer the question of Vacchagotta. The Buddha explains his attitude as follows:
This-A-nan, when her doctor Had asked: "you fell?" If the answer: "Yes" we stand on the side of the sa, la advocates the theory exist (sassatavàda). This and A-nan, when du's doctor asked: "there's no ego?" If the answer is "no," I was standing on the side of the sa sports Brahmin advocated the theory of killing (uccheda vàda) [26].
Again, this A-nan, when her doctor Had asked: "you fell?", to which I replied, "Yes," then like there is in line with the notice on my van that France is falling or not? "[27]
-World Religion, probably not.
Again, this A-nan, when du's doctor asked: "there's no ego?" to which I replied, "no", then it will make more confusion were Vacchagotta puzzled more [28]. Because y will think: "that indeed we have a falling out, but now we don't have any more." [29]
Now we have to understand why the Buddha's silence. But we will also better understand if considering the entire context and how the Buddha handled on those questions and people ask-what does matter to people completely ignore.
Buddha is not like a machine flush solution to any of these questions, because anyone who set out, no need for discretion. He is a Professor of Ethics practices, full of compassion and wisdom. He does not answer questions to showcase your knowledge and clever, but to help people ask on the reach to the evidence. When it comes to who He has always been interested in the level of their development, their tendencies, their consciousness structure, temperament and ability to comprehend the problem [30].
According to Buddhism, there are four ways a question:
1. When should answer straight questions.
2. have questions need answered by the analysis. 3. When should respond by asking the opposite. 4. And finally, there are the questions should be cleaned, not meeting [31].
There may be many ways of describing a problem. One way is to issue, he had no answer, that is how the Buddha had once spoken with you singer when he then Vacchagotta put those questions on the space the school exists or not, etc.[32] Also with this way, he has answers for Màlunkyaputta and others. But you can't do that on the issues that fell or not, because he has always discussed and explains it. You can't say: "fall" because it contradicted the comments of his award that all France egolessness. And he also doesn't like to say no, as this is unjustly made the poor guy Vacchagotta has puzzled more and more confused, as he was recognized [33]. He has not enough basic understanding of anatta. So in this case, the question aside by silence, is the wisest attitude.
We also do not forget that the Buddha has clearly knew Vacchagotta long ago. This is not the first occasion that the doctor's question du visited the Buddha ascended into full Professor of ethics. wisdom and compassion who saved paying more attention to people looking bewildered. There are many sections comes to you in the Pàli texts Vacchagotta artists, he used to look to the Buddha and his disciples to him quite a lot of times, repeated several times along the questions, obviously he's very disturbed, almost haunting other issues [34]. The Buddha's silence probably is effective for Vacchagotta than any one answer or discuss any eloquent [35].
A few viewers falling means what's commonly known as "mind" or "consciousness". But Buddha said that there would rather people should watch their physical body's "intersection" than watching the mind, or consciousness (citta, mano, vinnàna) is falling because the mind, or consciousness, transformation of non-stop days as well as nightly, and more rapidly changing body (kàya) [36].
The vague feeling of "have I" arose the idea of ego, which has something equivalent in reality: and see the truth then that is proven one thing, Nirvana is not easy. In Samyutta Samyuttanikàya sets [37], had a conversation quite clear this point problems between Mr. Bhikkhu Khemaka name stilts and a Bhikkhu on stilts. These ask Khemaka has seen in the five aggregates an "intersection" would or anything belonging to the "intersection" is not. Khemaka answered "no". Ðoạn the Bhikkhu stilts said then he must be a La Chinese got rid of any contamination. But that confession Khemaka, although he does not find in the skandha a fall or anything belonging to the ego, "I'm still not a La Han (Arahant) got rid of all polluted impure. These lettered Sage, for Five Prime aggregates, I have the feeling that "I", but does not clearly see "the thing is that I am". Then he explains that Khemaka calls "I" is not good, not longevity, not ideas, not issued, nor knowledge, nor anything beyond them. But he still has a sense of "I" for 5 player, though he could not see clearly the "this is what I am."[38]
Khemaka comes just as the fragrance of a flower: it is not the fragrance of the petals, not of the color of flowers, not a Cup, but the aroma of the flowers. He also explained, adding that even a person who has reached the first stage of the evidence still has the feeling of "I". But the next time you proceed further, feeling it completely disappeared, like the smell of a new shirt dry fly will take some time after the out of the box it.
This discussion benefits and unravel problems for them so that later, as a business record, everyone, including both the A-pod credentials Khemaka la-Han, freed of all pollutants, and they eventually defeated the feeling of "I".
According to Buddhist teachings, claimed that "I'm not there" (i.e. the theory of killing) also make mistakes such as accept that "I fall" (theory), because both opinion are bound, both arising from the false idea of "I". Right attitude towards the problem of anatta is not holding a point of view or "opinion", which tries to look at things objectively, look at them as true, there is the release of mind. To see that what we call "I" or "intersection" is just a mix of spiritual and physical aggregates operations correspond to each other in a line change ever seen na, is governed by the law of cause and effect, and in the whole of existence, nothing is fixed, forever immutable.
Here a question naturally arises: "If there is no fall, who suffered the consequences of karma (action)?" No one can answer this question better than Buddha. If a Bhikkhu stilts asked him that question, the Buddha said: "ask the Bhikkhu on stilts, we teach you clearly see computer pratītyasamutpāda in all things."[39]
Buddha's teachings about the egolessness should not be viewed as negative or destructive. As well as Nirvana, it is the truth, the reality, and the reality is never negative. The false belief in a self imagine no new fact is negative. Anatta teachings dispel the darkness of space and the arising intellectual light. It's not negative, as Asanga (Asanga) has said is very true: "there is a reality as anatta" (nairàtmyàstità) [40]END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY THICH CHAN TANH.MHDT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.6/8/2013.NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES )..
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Monday, 5 August 2013
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