The messenger is Kaludayi tenth, which is the old friend of the Buddha, when He is also Prince. He came Rajgir, Buddha Dharma talk, listen, and ask how long ordained and not certified as nine arahatship messenger before, Kaludayi not forget to turn the words of his father Buddha Buddha invited to visit family. Buddha accepted the invitation, on the road along with numerous disciples.
18th. The King Suddhodana Buddha and
Buddha and his disciples were King Suddhodana, his officials and the people very solemn reception. Buddha heard the sermon, that even the king was so scared (completely from the skin). When listening to sermons second King St. attained second Sakkadagami (freezer function), and then witness her aunt Pajapati Gotami Profile results (Sotapana - Tu're done). The third time, the Buddha Jataka Dhammapala business for his father, and his father attained the third bar (Anagami - anagami). Book said that, after this, on her bed, his father visited the Buddha and teachings. Last heard this last approach, king arahatship evidence. And after seven days enjoy the pleasures of liberation, King Buddha died in round 40.
19th. Buddha and Princess Yasodhara (Yasodhara)
Princess Yasodhara (Yasodhara) is the capital of the king's daughter Suppahuddha (Good Sense), head of the family Koliya. After Prince left the palace, ordained for direct, princess also remove all jewelry, wearing the yellow jersey of the nuns, and enthusiastically adopted son, Rahula to grow old.
Day two of Kapilavastu Buddha to Buddha along with numerous disciples to eat lunch at the palace, at the invitation of his father. After dinner, the Buddha along with his father and two close disciples, Sariputta and Moggallàna to the princess room. After the Buddha into a room and arranged seats available, princess worship the Buddha with extremely reverent attitude. Buddha birth stories Candakinnara duty and said: "O Father, not only in this life, but in a previous life, the princess also had to protect me and my faithful". After recalling past life story, Buddha comforted the princess and royal farewell.
later when King Suddhodana died, her aunt is Pajapati ordained as nuns. Princess also ordained and soon attained Arhat. Among the nuns, the princess is the most good magic. 78 years old, passed away princess.
20. Buddha and Rahula (Rahula)
Rahula (Chinese translation sounds: Rahula) is the only son of the Buddha, the Buddha was Prince. The first time the Buddha back to visit family capital and, after enlightenment, Rahula to 7-year-old aunt is Maha Pajapati be directly Gotami nurturing care. Although still young, but still Rahula was admitted to the Sangha, the Buddha and Sariputta delivered directly to his teaching. Sutta One of the famous Buddha himself preached to Rahula Rahula after renunciation, is Business Ambalatthika Rahulovada Sutta in which the Buddha emphasized the importance of honest nature, reflective of the idea to eliminate all, words and evil deeds, Unjust.
Through practicing mindfulness of breathing meditation allows , follow the instructions of the Buddha, and after my lectures Cula Rahulovada he attained Arhat Rahula. He died before the Buddha and Sariputta him.
During the "Presbyterian Increase Shelf", the following two verses, Rahula, after his evidence arahatship:
"Because we are a full
two good qualities
are sold can place calls:
'Rahula lucky'
I was way mark,
the contraband or cessation,
there is no rebirth
Three intelligence we gain
Seeing the world 'immortal' "
21. Buddha and his aunt Pajapati Gotami form (Ma Ha Pajapati)
is my aunt Gotami Queen Maya, and the second wife of King Suddhodana. After Queen Maya died, her responsibility to take care, nurture Prince Sidacta. Buddha's first visit to Kapilavastu, after he attained enlightenment, there is a direct aunt Mary for ordination as Buddhist monks nuns, but Buddha did not accept, but did not specify the reasons. She Gotami ask three times, the Buddha refused. After leaving Kapilavastu, Lord Buddha along with a large number of disciples to Vesali city, living in monasteries Kutagara.
Ms. Gotami along with many other women of the Sakya clan, shaved head, gold robed body, pulled together to Vesali and waited outside the door Vihara, Buddha resting place. From Kapilavastu to Vesali, 150-mile long path. She and her Gotami Sakya clan, swollen legs, dirty clothes, and he looked sad but resolute, asking him to meet Ananda Buddha. His compassion Ananda, the Buddha allowed to ask women to be ordained as nuns. His two three times pleaded Ananda, the Buddha are not acceptable. Then He said to the Buddha, saying,
"If women are ordained and according to the law and practice of the Buddha, they can experience the results first Holy, Holy effective Monday, Tuesday and passed into the final evidence arahatship not? "
Buddha replied that they were able to witness the Holy aforementioned results. Transparent access Ananda: "If they could see the stars results aunt urban Gotami not be ordained to follow the law and of the Blessed, because her aunt has directly raised Exalted care, from day Exalted longer a child. "
Buddha said: "If she accepted practice Gotami eight following strict rules, then I allow she and the women ordained under the law and practice of Me" . Then Buddha said that eight strict rules the relationship between monks and nuns (see nuns law). Mr. Ananda Buddha said laws provide little 8 with her aunt and other Gotami. The accepted she rejoiced.
Gotami Allows aunt ordained and established the Order of monks and nuns, the Buddha foresaw the consequences of their decisions. He said to the Venerable Ananda said, "Ananda, if women are not allowed to leave home and live in France and the Law of One, the life of the saint's disciple I can maintain long-term, high-dharma 's all I can maintain a thousand years, but because women are allowed to monastic life of the disciple St. I will not maintain long-term, and from this lofty dharma I only exist 500 years alone again ".
"Like, this Ananda, there are more houses and fewer women men, the houses that are vulnerable to theft. Paying ordained women, living in France and the Law of the Tathagata life of the disciple St. will be difficult to sustain for long. well as a cover a dike to prevent a large water tank, do not let water flow through. Ta too, I set up mechanism 8 precepts strictly inscription is to prevent the nuns not to violate. "
Buddhist teachings, but may not be easy ear for women, but also to recognize that the Buddha was soon evident, for women general nature and easy soft feeling, the monastic life is not easy. Relations between men and women in the Sangha monks also happen to much trouble.
Nevertheless, the Buddha was the first religious teacher in the history of mankind, the nuns established a full and discipline majesty. Brahmanism, and other contemporary religions in India have no religious organizations such women. Moreover, during the Buddha was alive, and after this, many nuns saw arahatship and fame in religious practice, as we can read in the book "Theri" of State Ministry of Economics.
22. Ananda Buddha and
Ananda is her brother and he is the Buddha of Amitodana, you king Suddhodana, father of Buddha. Since the day he was born bring joy for everyone in the family, so named Venerable Ananda (Khanh Hy).
Ananda Buddhist monastic, along with other young Sakya clan, Anuruddha , Bhadya, Bhaga, Kimbila, and Devadatta. 55 year old Buddha, Ananda was appointed an attendant of the Buddha. During 25 years, and from that day until the Buddha entered Nirvana, Ananda always beside Buddha, Buddha servant care, the demands of daily living. Mr. Ananda has a strange memory, he remembers not miss all the sermons of the Buddha as well as a large number of disciples of the Buddha.
When a venerable Brahmin asked to remember how many texts , venerable answer is yes 82,000 posts and 2,000 posts Buddha's monks, disciples of the Buddha. Yes, there are a total of 84,000 texts all.
Buddha's praise of virtue is Ananda: erudition, good memory, consistent, attentive care, good behavior.
was only after Buddha Nirvana. Ananda arahatship new evidence. This is because when the Buddha was alive, Venerable attendant busy work, as well as lectures memorandum of Buddha, as a multicultural scholarly disciples. Ananda passed away, he was 120 years old.
23. Buddha and Devadatta (Devadatta)
Devadatta was the king and queen Suppabuddha Pamita, Pamita is an aunt of the Buddha, Devadatta ordained Buddhist, Ananda in a row with him and the other young nobles, of Sakya clan. Devadatta was not any evidence, but good god some legal information, and be king Ajattasattu (A World Away) origin pro Magadha. Although spoiled lifestyle, and wrong, sexual misconduct, Devadatta is still a good number of votes and submissive. When old Buddha, Devadatta asked the Buddha gave his leadership Sangha, but the Buddha refused to accept.
Devadatta very angry, and with conspiracy to damage Ajattasattu Buddhist king. But the gunner was killed Ajattasattu rent Buddha, the Buddha were preaching and became a disciple of Buddha. Devadatta found themselves down to the new Buddha was murdered. Once Buddha was walking along the banks of mountain Gijjhakuta (Vulture), then Devadatta pushed down from the mountain on a big rock. Fortunately, this rolling stone hit one another and broken rock. Buddha bruised and bleeding feet.
Another time, Devadatta for a mad elephant drinking wine, and butting Buddha scare elephants. The elephant runs to close it suddenly stopped Buddha, the Buddha was tame and rubbed his head. After the plot failed, the king Ajatasattu scared, dare not continue to protect Devadatta again.
Devadatta went farming a plot other, more insidious: the bad as some bhikkhus Kokalika, Devadatta wants to increase harmony , internal divisions Sangha, Buddha Devaddata recommendations issued 5 new rules are as follows:
monks to live life in the forest.
alms are only to eat.
Directive dressed as rag picking in that address.
been living under a tree only.
Lifelong not eat meat.
Buddha's disciples replied discretion, may live according to 5 precepts or not he, but he does not force them. Devadatta advantage of the Buddha refused to entice some young monks, lack of educated and do not have strong basic, go with him to Gayasisa. But two great disciples of the Buddha and Sariputta Moggallàna, at the behest of the Gayasisa Buddha, preaching to them, and lead them back to the Dharma.
Since then, successive accidents to Devadatta. Terminally ill before death, Devadatta repented and expressed remorse want to see the Buddha. But because of bad karma too heavy for Devadatta should die without experiencing the Buddha, and to hell, suffering in many lives.
terms of Devadatta, Buddha monks that commandment, because Devadatta was conquered by the evil way, for so to hell, that is conquered by avaricious, fame, respect, desire, bad, wrong. (See Spending Increases III, 20)
24. Buddha and chief author Anathapindaka (Anathapindika)
millionaire, bourgeois Anathapindika is the biggest benefactor support and increase our Buddha, the Buddha was alive. He called Sudatta capital, but because he alms to the poor and orphans, grave quail so called religious people assumed he was Head Anathapindaka (Anathapindika). He was born in Savatthi. A visit to the Rajagaha (Rajgir) have a job, he is known as the Buddha was staying at Sitavana forest, outside of Rajagaha. He was overjoyed and early the next morning, experiencing a sleepless night because of restlessness was so happy, he set off to the forest Sitavana. Here, the Buddha is walking outdoors and knew before he arrived, Sudatta called him by name and told him to intimate to Him.
Mr. issues security Buddha, the Buddha inquired not at peace, the Buddha replies :
"Of course, life is never at peace
in my heart Arahats extinguish any flames.
no longer pursue more sensual material.
realms cool, all born cessation medicine.
obstacles are excluded, cleverly tame,
all suffering in mind
Arahats live peacefully, happily
calm Because the heart is ". (Corresponding to I, 273)
a) Jatavana Vihara
Buddha preached Obediently, he was too afraid Anathapindika evidence (Sotàpanna), and he requested the Buddha lived through the rainy season in Savatthi. Buddha accepted the invitation. He Anathapindika, returned to Savatthi, buy a garden of Prince Jeta (Jeta), and built in the famous Jetavana monastery here.
books after that, he bought the garden in full the amount of gold paved garden area, according to the demands of Prince Jeta. But the Prince refused to sell trees in the garden, and give yourself all the offerings to the Buddha tree. Since then, the park called in the scriptures (Chinese translation) is "Level lone member States have tried." Buddha preached many economic, and spent 19 rainy seasons in this Vihara.
speeches of the Buddha with his Anathapindika have major implications for the laypeople. In a sermon on the virtues of generosity, the Buddha said that "the offerings to Buddhist monks and is great merit, but there is more merit refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma, the Sangha, has 3 more moral refuge is holding 5 world themselves, have more merit shop holds 5 world is about compassion in the moment, but there is merit than intellectual development vision see things as they really are and to understand impermanence of things "(Anguttara IV, 264-265)
Through passages on, we can see that the Buddha considered more important for people at home are ordained or intellectual development, to see things as truth, our true nature is impermanent, selfless. But alms, offerings is also important for people at home, but on their own practice, practice moral life according to 5 world, to foster compassion all the more important, but more important is intellectual development, to see things as they really are, so that no longer crave, the inner liberation, liberation, wisdom is the light.
b) Four fun of laypeople
Buddha said four legitimate joy of laypeople, joy of wealth, the rich have fun, fun no debt, and no joy blamed.
"What is the joy of reform? Here, the owner of wealth by striving positive contribution of the energy collected by hand, by sweat, lawful, and accumulated a lawful way, and thought: 'This Wealth mine, has been striving through positive cumulative lawful ', so fun and satisfying to him. joys That is wealth ".
"What is the joy of being rich? Here , the landlord is rich thanks to positive striving, wealthy and happy by doing many good works. Since there thinking 'Thanks riches that can enjoy wealth and good works', so fun and satisfying to him. It's fun to be rich ".
"What is fun no debt? Here, the homeowner has no debt, great or small for anyone. Since there thinking 'I have no debt, no matter how big or small for anyone', so fun and satisfying to him. It is fun no debt ".
"What is fun is not to blame? Here disciples Saints have fun because the actions of body, speech and mind are nothing blameworthy. With the thought 'I can not reproach the body, speech and mind', the joy and satisfaction to him. "(Anguttara III, 77-78)
Then, the Buddha said in three fun on of people here at home, what joy can not place blame actions, words and thoughts is best than Vietnam.
c) Seven kinds of wives
Once, he visited the Buddha Anathapindika, heard abnormal noise in the house, he asked his cause, he Anathapindika said:
"O Bhagavan, which is Suyata, my daughter is with us. It's rich and came from a wealthy family, it's not something to take care of mother, father and husband husband anymore. It is not respectful, dignified and pay homage to the Blessed One. "Suyata Buddha called back and spoke to his wife heard about the seven categories:
1. Wives have evil thoughts, be mean, no compassion, husband abandoned her, love other men, a female sex, people just want to grieve. It is kind of wife murder.
2. profligate wife of wealth or material resources, whether for business at husband is, by plowing or trading or skilled labor, which is kind of wife stealing.
3. lazy wife, did not want to do anything, the voracious, cruel, brutal, evil likes to say, encroached Ace of contrition industrious hardworking husband. remote It's kind of arrogant wife.
4. affectionate wife, husband affectionately as protective mothers protect and preserve the property of the husband, which is kind of wife as mother.
5. Persons respected husband and wife, as sister to brother, humility, living way up to our husband. It's kind of like the youngest wife.
6. seeing people happy husband and wife, like old friends meeting after many years away way, the stream of nobility, morality, chastity. It's kind of like her friends.
7. though the wife was not well treated, but not angry, remain calm, endures all acts of husband with contentment, anger mind not knowing, living way up to our husband. It's kind of like the waiter wife.
Buddha after his wife seven categories described above, said that kind of wife murder, stealing her kind, kind of arrogant wife away are not good, and kind wife, mother, as the youngest, as friends, as people who serve as a good wife, good praise, and Buddha asked that seven types of wives that a man can be, and Suyata want is any kind of wife?
Suyata pay words: "May the Blessed henceforth think of me as the kind of wife who serves."
d) Ananda Bodhi Tree
Anathapindika He often visited the Buddha daily and see Buddhists disappointed every time without having to be away for Buddha Buddha's teachings in a different place, so asked Venerable Ananda see no way to give offerings to Buddhist Buddha can, even though he is absent. Venerable Ananda white Buddha Buddha asked about that and objects worthy of offerings, prostrate. The Buddha replied that there are three kinds. Type of physical objects Buddha, Buddha type commonly used items, such as music and the kind of thing to remember Buddha. Venerable Ananda asked: "Building a church tower when the Buddha was alive appropriate reasonable?"
"No, a material such as music can not remember the Buddha's physical facilities, only purely spiritual sense. As Bodhi tree, the Buddha used, is an object worthy offerings, though the Buddha The Buddha lived or when it is dead. "
Venerable Ananda said: "When the Buddha to preach elsewhere, this Jetavana monastery big no place for public religious rules and offerings. could I get particles Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya large (Bodhgaya) and sow it in Jetavana Vihara door is not? "
The Buddha replied: "Very well, let Bodhi tree planted here. Like any other I never also present in this Jetavana Vihara. "
said Venerable Ananda Buddha's comments with laypeople as he Anathapindika, Visakha and female householders Pasenadi king of Kosala. By Venerable Venerable Ananda Moggallàna (Moggallana) looking for a result on Bodhi Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya large. Venerable Ananda planted in Jetavana Vihara door. Bodhi's remains today, and is called Ananda Bodhi tree.
e) He died Anathapindika born in the heavens and rate Where
Anathapindika When he fell ill and he invited the Venerable Sariputta to teaching experience at home. Both he and his Sariputta and Ananda police to question him. The venerable Sariputta preached to him a profound experience. Listen texts nearly finished, his eyes fill his movement was too emotional. Mr. Ananda asked why, he replied that he never heard a sermon so deeply. He replied Sariputta, this was a sermon preached to the monks only have a high school degree.
Shortly after his two Sariputta and Ananda to go, and he died Anathapindika arise Tushita heaven (Where interest).
At night, all Anathapindika natural, whole body, bright Jetavana garden, to greet the Buddha, praising the merits of the Venerable Sariputta, and expressed his pleasure to see the Buddha and monks Increase residing at Jetavana Monastery. God all Anathapindika said:
"The healing and wisdom, properly practiced law center, both supreme lifestyle, based on true morality., is going to make people pure, and not taking advantage of the world".
25. Retreat
and career teachers of the Buddha's sermon lasted 45 years, from the Buddha attained enlightenment at the age of 35 until the age of 80, the Buddha entering Nirvana. Year after year, the Buddha went here and there, sometimes alone, sometimes it can take numerous disciples, preaching the birth, life taught by the example of the high mass of the whole body, and by words full of wisdom. Only during the rainy season in India, usually between July and November, Buddha stay in monasteries and lecture in place, do not go out. This practice is called retreat, Buddhist monks were sustained to this day, in all Buddhist countries. In the rainy season, the masses are believers or not believers flock to daily mass at the monastery or park where Lord Buddha and Buddhist monks resided, to hear the sermon, and offerings to the Buddha Monks.
26. Buddha and the king of Kosala Pasenadi
As mentioned above, in 45 years of Catholic culture and the birth sermon, the Buddha or alone, or together with a large student travel extensively in the Ganga heartland. But the longest time, the Buddha at Savatthi, the capital of Kosala.
well as Anathapindika Mannequin Head, King Pasenadi (Pasedena) Kosala is a major benefactor of the Buddha and Buddhist monks. At Savatthi, in addition to his Jetavana Vihara Buddha Anathapindika offerings, there Rajakarama monastery built by King Pasenadi, offering to Buddha and Buddhist monks.
Malika Queen, King and his wife is a devout follower of the Buddha and skillful guidance to help the king in a good way in religious matters. Once, the king is seen 16 consecutive abnormally gadfly, the leading Brahmans in court said it was ominous and counsel to international organizations large flocks, kill many organisms new to the ear through sacrifice victims off. King also listen and health organizations prepare Forum.
private When Queen Malika said she advised the king, rather than the organization of sacrifice, let audience Buddha and asked him about the meaning of gadfly 16. And the king was assured, after listening to the Buddha about 16 full explanation of the unusual gull king. The king not only international forum held again.
A great joy is to hear the king Pasenadi Buddha preached many times. Samyutta Nikaya there is a special chapter, titled "Kosala Samyutta" most recorded sermon of the Buddha to King Pasenadi. Here I quote a few paragraphs to introduce content in the Kosala Samyutta:
a) Evaluate how a person is not a simple matter.
Once, sitting next Pasenadi Buddhist king, in Migaramatu castle, they found some pagan wanderer passing nearby. The hair is braided, who is naked, wearing only a medical person. The king asked the Buddha is that of the monk, who showed arahatship, who is on the road to certification arahatship. Buddha's answer to the king who lives in the sensual flavors used from Kasiraja herd sheep, with a wreath jewelry, fragrance, oil, wax, multiple gold and silver, it is difficult to know the number just go through the wanderer, who is Arahant and who is on the road to certification arahantahood. In addition to a long life together with a person, the notice must know, must be reviewed and wisdom to be able to know that there are people happier or not, must share the same profession, who have been known pure or not, must pass the test of time are unhappy knew a person loyal or not, must pass a new conversation with a person who knows that wisdom or not. Moreover, to undergo a long period of time to pay attention, consideration and wisdom to be able to assess how a man is ... And finally Buddha advised the king to consider, should not chỉ nhìn bộ mặt bề ngoài, có thể là giả dối che đậy.
b) Đức Phật khuyên coi trọng phụ nữ, ngang hàng với nam giới.
Một lần, vua Pasenadi, được tin Hoàng hậu Malika hạ sanh con gái, tỏ vẻ không vui.
Also at Sāvatthi, also has a Buddha Vihara Tuesday again, so female benefactor built Visakha. Pubbarama called his residence. Buddha and the Sangha had spent six rainy season in this Vihara Visakha her. She was the daughter of millionaire Dhananjaya, Sumana Devi's mother and her grandfather was a millionaire also named Mendaka. Already in her 7 years old, she was fortunate to meet Buddha, the Buddha came Bhaddiya, She's birthplace, in the kingdom of Anga. Because intelligence and innate morality, after listening to Buddhist teachings, although young age, she has a fear effect (Sotàpanna.)
She has a rich husband, Punnavadhana, the millionaire son Migara. Husband's father was a devout believer of Nigantha Nataputta, the Jain religious teacher. She has skillfully obtained permission to invite the Buddha to the sales guy and then her husband, preacher for the whole family to hear. Dad sat behind her husband but also hear a curtain. At the end of the sermon of the Buddha, the enlightened husband, father, proving effective immediately Admin. Both husband and family to become a Buddhist family happy and devout.
Mrs. Buddha consent requirements for women are made for eight of the Sangha as follows:
Give the robe to the Sangha rainy season, from this until the day she died.
Offering all bhikkhus to Sāvatthi.
Offering all bhikkhus from Sāvatthi.
Offering food for sick bhikkhus.
Offering food to those who care for the sick.
Offering medicine for sick bhikkhus.
Offering porridge for bhikkhus.
Offering swimsuit for nuns.
happily accepted Buddha, the Buddha preached many times for her Visakha. In a sermon, the Buddha said to the eight precepts for lay Buddhists should follow in the days of potash (uposatha). At present, the world is still eight Buddhists, in the days Bodhisattva in Buddhist countries.
Mrs. Visakha is the biggest benefactor of the female Buddha and the Sangha, as well as his male Anathapindika is the biggest benefactor.
28. The Buddha and King Bimbisara
Bimbisara (Bimbisara) is the king of Magadha, there is capital in the Rajagaha (Rajgir). Buddha met King when first ordained Buddhist, and Buddha requested visits back kingdom, after attainment of enlightenment. Keep the old promise, the Buddha along with numerous arahant disciples, away from Gaya to Rajagaha the capital, and at Temple Suppatittha in a forest of coconut palms. Be believed, King Bimbirasa crowded with courtiers came to the Buddha and the Sangha. As disciples of the Buddha followed almost there Venerable Kassapa which has a great reputation among the people here, so many people classified still not clear who is the Master, the Buddha or the Venerable Kassapa. Buddha knows every part of the masses so that, Kassapa asked him for what reason he quit the practice sacrificial fire. He Kassapa said, he left the practice sacrificial fire, because he found nirvana calm, noble than worldly pleasures. And he bowed to the Buddha and said: "Blessed are the Master, the disciples of Him."
Buddha Jataka's Christmas party for everybody to hear him Kassapa, said that in a previous life, the Buddha was also at the origin of Narada Kassapa him. Listened to Buddhist teachings, securities immediately Bimbisara was so scared. The next day, rising son screaming in the palace, the Buddha and to invite them to attend. Then the king gave the Buddha and the Sangha park Truc Lam, including Soc Son Temple and Vihara Veluvanarama, where Buddha underwent 6 rainy season.
Ms. Khema, second wife of the king, the latter of What Gotami and with her leadership nuns. As chief queen of king is her loss Kosala Devi, the daughter of the king of Kosala Pasenadi. Kosala Devi's son Ajatasattu (Asajatu), later robbed and killed his father's house, which is now past due Bimbisara too heavy. But because the king has a fear of fruit, so the death of the king and gentle, tragic resolution and after his death, the king immediately Lummaharajika born to heaven with the heavenly host name Janavasabba.
Ajatasattu with Devadatta after negative Buddhism failed murder plot, said repent repent, ask the Buddha for refuge and became a Buddhist at the top of the Buddha. Due to heavy industrial past, so in turn he, his son was also killed and robbed his house.
29. Buddha and the robber Angulimala
A memorable event, marking the 20th year of Buddha's enlightenment is directed to Angulimala, the notorious robber brutality of Kosala. His real name is Ahimsaka Angulimala (the innocent). His father was an official in the reign of King Kosala. As a youth, he studied at Taxila, the famous center of contemporary education in North India. He did well and loved him most of the students. Unfortunately, the envy of his classmates, he slandered with his teacher and a teacher stabbed gullible hate him, and wanted to kill him by forcing him to pay 1000 tuition to human fingers. Angulimala to obey him, although mental suffering. He then retreated into the forest in Kosala Jalini and start killing people to have enough fingers needed. Initially, he hung on the tree fingers, but because the fingers were too dim to eat, so he strings fingers hand into the ring to wear around your neck, so he named Angulimala (ring finger). Book says that, when he had collected 999 fingers, the Buddha appeared. Angulimala glad about to have a sufficient number of fingers required to submit to the cruel teacher, Angulimala swords, chasing Buddha.
Buddha For use magic, so Angulimala chased as fast, as the Buddha did not catch up although Buddhism still go slowly and deliberate. Finally, panting and sweaty, Angulimala stopped and called: "Hey Reverend, please stop." Buddha said softly voice: "Even though we're going, but we stopped. Stopped And your house or not?"
Angulimala not understand the words of the Buddha quarterfinals how? Because walking Buddha, stopped to say. And Angulimala then stopped, then the Buddha said, "Please stop!" Angulimala asked the Buddha and the Buddha explained as follows:
"It is true that I have stopped forever, the Angulimala,
Never use violence against living beings.
And your house, your hands do not have to stop killing fellow
So that I said that, I have to stop,
and how ye also stopped! "
Angulimala's past karma impact on his thought, and he knew that he was standing in front of Buddha, because he had compassion his mercy but to save him from sin within. He throw the sword into the ground, ask Buddha for he was to become a monk. Buddha said one simple sentence: "Ehi Bikkhu" (Come! Bhikkhu).
Yet, although ordained bhikkhus spirit of Angulimala still not be safe. Frequently, he was obsessed with cries of those he has murdered. One day, begging for food, he is chased masses, throwing stones, he returned to the monastery, the first hole, bleeding. The Buddha explained to Angulimala said, it is Angulimala repay his former misdeeds.
One day, Angulimala alms, met a woman who became labor, birth and are extremely difficult pain. Do not know how to be, Angulimala asked Buddha returned. Buddha Angulimala bring presents for the following words to say to the woman:
"Hey sister, since I was born again in the Holy our customers, I can not kill any sentient being. candid speech this May helped her get out of her pain, her children she was safe birth. "
Buddha Angulimala memorize words, and to speak to the woman in pain, difficult birth. Immediately, the woman pain, and give birth to children with ease. Words of the Buddha is called Angulimala paritta. Today, in the land of Southern Buddhism, people still read words Angulimala paritta practices to relieve labor pains of women.
Later, Angulimala attained Arhat.
30. Ambapali female Buddha and technical
skills Ambapali is famous and talented women of the city of Vesali. Along the way Kusinara, to enter nirvana, the Buddha stopped Vesali, and stay in the mango orchards of Ambapali. News, Ambapali to greet the Buddha, and Buddha and invite them over for dinner Increase boy at her home tomorrow. Buddha accepted the invitation, and refused every invitation Liechavi nobility. They promised to pay her Ambapali a huge amount of money, to give back to her aristocratic privilege Liechavi are Buddhist and they increase rice but she refused and the next day, medical promise, and they increase the Buddha to her home Ambapali Using banquet son. After dinner, Ambapali glass Buddha and gave them tremendous increase her mango to remote provinces. Later, Ambapali also ordained and certified arahatship. Angulimala and Ambapali two facts show that the island's Mercy open to everyone, regardless of wealth, poverty and social class. A robber Angulimala, the female sex as Ambapali, if sincere remorse, can also ordained and diligent Bible study and witness the best results. A devout faith, and the greatest effort: it is the basic condition to go to Church and religion become saints in this world. Buddhism does not require other conditions.
31. Buddha will enter Nirvana declared
Buddha 80th round this year. He said the cause of the sermon, Catholic culture of his birth has been completed. The time has come for Him to enter Nirvana. Along the way Kusinara, when the Buddha stopped at Vaisali, Capala in remote provinces, he told the Venerable Ananda is three months away, he will enter Nirvana. He did not accept the request of Ananda, ask him to live a longer life, happiness, peacefulness of living beings. Ananda Buddha preached to him about the impermanence of all things in this world, and told them Bhikkhu Ananda gathered at Vihara in Vaisali Mahavana, to listen to Buddhist sermons. Buddha then told them Bhikkhu the following words: "O Bhikkhus! Everything is impermanent way. Be diligent striving. Tathagata soon enter nirvana. Between now within 3 months, the Tathagata will enter Nirvana. Years Old I was old , short human life. farewell the people I will. Be diligent, mindful awareness and moral life. distraction Those who do not live within the law, he will be freed from rebirth and end all suffering. "
And one last time, looked Vaisali city, said they Bhikkhu Buddha:
"Gender, concentration and insight, ultimate liberation. Tathagata Those are done."
32. The last meal of the Buddha
From Vaisali Buddha with Ananda Bhikkhu and we sailed Kusinara. Along the way, they increase the Buddha stopped at many places, people exposed to them, the sermon being.
At Pava, blacksmith Cunda (Net Da) party boy screaming Buddha and they increase. Cunda Buddha prepared for a special dish called sukaramaddava. The Buddha advised Cunda that dish dedicated to the Buddha, and the rest of the plate to bury it. And said: "Only new Tathagata eat and digest this food alone."
Finish Buddha severe dysentery. Although tired but kept his spirit calm and decided to go back on the road Kusinara, about 6 miles from Pava. Buddha bathing in river Kakutthi last time, and after a short break, he said to the Venerable Ananda: "There may be people who blame Cunda the last meal served to me, because after a meal that I will enter nirvana , and can Cunda remorse. Houses need to tell you Cunda said that, there are two meal offerings to the Tathagata, giving the greatest merit for the offerings. meal offerings That Tathagata before Tathagata attained enlightenment and meal offerings Tathagata Tathagata before entering nirvana. Tell Cunda know that, thanks to donate Tathagata last meal before the Tathagata passed away, Cunda was great mercy, retribution large, whereby the long-life Cunda, reborn in good realms, wealth, fame, was born to heaven and have great power. Ananda, you speak thus to remove all that remorse of Cunda, if any. "
Having said this, the Buddha garden in Kusinara Sala, where tribal Mallas in, and told the Venerable Ananda prepared for the year, to Buddha resting, head north, lying his right foot to the left foot, calm, sober.
33. Best way to honor, pay homage, praise, adore Tathagata
Seeing the unseasonal flowering tree Sala, and other manifestations of belief, cherish, respect Tathagata Buddha said to bhikkhus present as follows: "Ananda, do not respect, pay homage, praise, endearing manner such Tathagata. Bhikkhu But any public or nuns, or Upasaka Upasika that staying true to the dharma, conduct yourself with direct and act righteously, then such person with respect, pay homage, praise and adore Tathagata best way. Consequently, this Ananda , the person must practice it. Everybody go live with the right approach, conduct yourself with direct and act righteously. "
34. Four places worship
Buddha then said to the four sites related to Buddha to Buddhists can worship. That is:
Where Christmas Buddha, in Lumbini garden (Lumbini) in the border areas of India - Nepal.
Where the Buddha attained enlightenment in Bodhi Gaya (Bodhgaya).
place Buddha started the wheels moving France (Sarnath) near Benares ie Deer Park.
Buddha enter Nirvana Place in Kusinara (this is Kasia, 32 miles from the station Gorakbpur).
Buddha said: "Those who died in the midst of worship, with a heart of faith, it will be born to the heavens. "
35. Buddha and the final Subhadda wanderer
wanderer Then there Subhadda, living in Kusinara, news Buddha will enter Nirvana to watch tonight's final in Kusinara. Wanderer thinking as follows: "The old masters, the monk had told him that the Tathagata event, Omniscient appear in life is rare, very rare. Onto the scene last night, Shakyamuni Buddha, Omniscient shall pass away. Here we have confidence Buddha, may be he will preach to us so that we are enlightened. "
Then go to the forest wanderer Subhadda Sala tree, and ask Great faith to meet Ananda Buddha. But he said Ananda Buddha was tired, could not be. Subhadda request three times, Venerable Ananda are not acceptable. But the Buddha story between monk Venerable Ananda and Subhadda, said to the Venerable Ananda, saying, "Let Subhadda on. Wish he was here to hear the legal, enlightenment, and not to disturb Me and My words, Subhadda will be able to understand. "
Buddha said to hear about the path Subhadda eight branches, and only those who follow the law and practice of the Tathagata, the new road leading practice eight new branches and can become Sa Junior subjects, subjects II Sa, Sa third goal, Sa Fourth goal. Subhadda so happy and ask refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma, the Sangha. Also would like to become a monk, right now in front of the Buddha. Although by law, supposed to, which is Subhadda pagan wanderer, to undergo four months of trial and then, if we accept the increase, the newly ordained. But for very special cases, exceptional for Subhadda Buddha underwent 4 months free trial and told Ananda Bhikkhu imparted to Subhadda world. Subhadda after a diligent study time, become an Arhat. He was the last of the inflorescence.
36. The teachings of the Buddha finally
saw the Venerable Ananda Buddha sad cry, came intimate consolation, praised the virtues of the Venerable Ananda as an attendant, a model student, and strive to encourage Venerable diligently to soon be liberated, became an arhat. Then the Buddha said to the Venerable Ananda to tell people Mallas know is about to enter Nirvana Tathagata planted late tonight at Sala trees. Originally Mallas believe the majority population, men, women, old people , youth, children flock to crowded woods Sala expressed reverence, grief and Buddha goodbye for the last time. Here are the words of the Buddha instructed the disciples, before he passed away.
"Ananda, you might think: Only the great sects that are no longer masters, we are no longer have more masters. Not! Ananda, be ye not think so, but France and I have taught law, said it would be your guru, after I enter Nirvana. "
"Hey Ananda Sangha if desired, may skip the secondary and minor precepts, after I enter Nirvana. "
"Hey my disciples, if ye have a doubt about the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha or the spiritual path, the I ask the method, not to regret later, think that, faced with the Tathagata Tathagata without asking any questions! "
Buddha had finished speaking, they were silent disciples, the Buddha asked three times , disciples were silent.
Buddha said: "Maybe because you respected masters without question reasonable? Then let that person speak." Again, the disciples remained silent.
Venerable Ananda white Buddha that: "Wonderfully! Hy useful instead! Dear Buddha. During our disciples here, do not have a doubt and questions questions to the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha, the path and method. "
Buddha said: "Ananda, you speak for the faith in the Tathagata, the Tathagata knows, the disciples present at here, no doubt wondering what to Dharma and Sangha, the path and method. During the five hundred disciples, the Ananda, the worst has attained Save Project, no more regressive eventually will surely be enlightened. "
final statement of the Buddha: "O disciples, I encourage people, all variables are compounded damage. actively striving Be". Then the Blessed One was silent. His samadhi quietly, undergo sequential meditation levels from low to high, then finally enter Nirvana initiative.
37. Cremation and the division of the relics of Buddha
Buddha's remains were brought people to Makutabandhana Mallas respect, and to be there for seven days prior to the official cremation (cremation). Venerable Maha Kassapa also here to pay homage to the Buddha goodbye for the last time and presided over the cremation ceremony. After cremation, people Mallas relics to collect donations. Neighboring countries and the king Ajatasattu most part also requires the relics. Since the initial public Mallas refused, so the risk of an outbreak of war around the distribution of the relics. But eventually, the parties agree with each other as well as relics divided into eight sections, the population distribution Mallas, Magadha king Ajatasattu origin, tribe Liechavi in Vaisali, in Kapitavastu Sakya tribe, tribal Bulaka in Calakalna , Krandya tribes in Ramagrama, the Brahmins in Visudvipa who Mallas at Pava. Brahmin Dona, who successfully organized the distribution of the relics reserved to themselves the relics container. Those in Pipphalirana Maurya, because the slow, only getting ash remaining stake. The parties are divided relics, towers are built in their country to make offerings. Thus, all 10 towers: tower containing eight relics of the Buddha, a tower built on the relics tank, and a church tower of ash stake.
Conclusions
The above is a brief biography of Buddha, based on the resources of the mainstream Buddhist sutras. In this biography, part historical truth, part legend and mythology, due to the generation of disciples and followers revered Buddha added later, which is something we can not identify . However, based on the documents scattered and re-codified, we may have a few comments about the character following Shakyamuni, unlike all other religious teachers like.
1. Buddha is not a God created the world and save the world. Buddha, in the true sense of the word Buddha, the enlightened one, and who are enlightened as Buddha called the Buddha. So, according to Buddhism, the Buddha had many before and after Buddha Shakyamuni, the Buddha will also have much longer life. Buddhist faithful reject metaphysical conception of a human, from the initial numbers are not that spawned the world, things, etc. The doctrine of Buddhism is everything so many people, more interdependent, the called causal theory was born. Buddha is not a savior, because Buddha "Teach the way and if the people go this way, everyone will make an end of suffering." (Dhammapada, verse 275).
Buddha always reminds his disciples that make your self to become clean. And also for your do it yourself dirty. Who do not allow anyone to clean or dirty at all.
"made themselves evil,
polluting themselves.
themselves as evil not
pure themselves do
not calm yourself Purification
Nobody pure one ". (Dhammapada, verse 165.)
Because of the above reason that many other religion that Buddhism is atheistic, in the sense that Buddhism does not recognize God created the world and save the world. But few religious people and uphold human love as Buddhism.
Even someone says Buddhism is not religion, because religion must have been recognized by the world God's creation and who have a soul. But Buddhism rejects both theories at the same time God and the soul theory.
But Buddhism is a religion, in that, first, it is a cardinal, a Buddha to Buddha Shakyamuni, although imported killing more than 2500 years ago, but is still religious subjects millions of Buddhists around the world today. Second, it has a system of teachings are recorded in three classic organ with two principles is the ancient language of Pali and Sanskrit, and has now been translated into most major languages of the world. Third, it has a congregation of monks, accepted and practiced Buddhism all statutory rules at the time when He was on earth, and is recorded in the monastic Patimokkha.
2. Buddha advised his disciples always is to believe in their power, in their ability to achieve enlightenment and purpose of ultimate liberation. In the final days of his life, the Buddha told Ananda, a close disciple of his as follows: "Let's rely on myself, as the lights themselves. Be based on the strength of the main body. Be firm based on Dharma. Stop looking for a prop other than myself. "
We can say, special Shakyamuni as a rabbi, is not a power to impose man ever upward. Buddha never exaggerated features weak, sinful human place, on the contrary, Buddha always emphasized fully human nature good direction, and have sufficient self-improvement. Try it yourself and strive, then we will be enlightened and liberated. That advice is often referred to, repeated Shakyamuni.
3. Buddha is not a revolutionary and activist modern sense of the word, but a social point of Buddhism is very clear. Buddha did not approve of the caste system in Indian society. Church by the Buddhist Sangha founder irrespective of caste. Buddha said: "O bhikkhus, as well as major rivers, the Ganges Ha, Yamuna river, river Aciravati, Sarabhu River, Mahi River, they flow into the sea, they lost their previous name, and is called the same name as the sea only, and as such, four iron level advantage, Brahmin, commune, and Prime was that once they had come to France and the Law by Tathagata preached from life family life are not home, they lost their previous names, their old tribe, and is called the same name as priests. "
In the ranks of the disciples of Buddha Sakyamuni Buddha, made home as well as at home, there are enough of people of every class, from the greatest king of the powerful kingdom in India at that time as king Bimbisara, king Ajatassattu, etc. Pasenadi king. until the Brahmin clergy reputation as smart, direct high as Kassapa brothers, his two Sariputta and Moggallàna barber until he was Upali Sakya tribe, famous women who dared to Vaisali is talented Ambapali, infamous bandit Angulimala in Kosala.
Everyone, regardless of location, source, to, cowardly, if directed sincere repentance error before, can a practitioner and evangelist, became rank Scripture between beings, that even in realms like Nirvana. Buddha always emphasized equality between people and people. Buddha talks about the Brahmin caste, who often see themselves as superior social class: "A Brahmin or untouchable is not by birth but by his own actions. Brahmin or untouchable is not caused by birth but by his own actions. brahmin is not born from fire, by friction of two sticks together, nor from the sky falling or flying out from wind, nor emerges from underground. Brahmins who is born from the same womb as fully Prime once were. Everybody has the same function in the body identical, nothing different at all. How can that be the kind of self or someone special like? ".
Buddha no gender bias, but that the Buddha said that the nature of woman is weak, and the Buddha was cautious when unions set the first nun. But after renunciation, many nuns has become renowned for his high moral purity and academic scholarship. Like his two Moggallàna Sariputta and was the head of the Buddhist Sangha, Khema and two Gotami she also was the head of the religious nuns. Two women were also witness arahatship.
Sangha by Buddha Shakyamuni is a founder of truly democratic unions. Churches that theocracy is not known. Church that is based on solidarity, mutual charity, known as continental air (conditioning of six).
4. Shakyamuni Buddha was a teacher all very generous and humble, often for the Buddha Dharma as the raft across the river, such as finger pointing to the moon or the path to truth, but not the Dharma itself is the truth ultimatum. Already a river raft through the boat may have many, many friends across the river along different; has the finger pointing to the moon, you can have multiple fingers at the same time pointing to the moon; was the path to truth there may be many different paths that lead to Truth ultimate destination.
Hai again, enlightenment and liberation is a real personal experience, meaning no one can replace enlightenment or liberation for all who are. There are things I can do but others do not, I do for other people to do difficult, in this context, but not in other circumstances. A world-class religion like Buddhism can not be rigid or narrow-minded. That is one reason why in Buddhism, there is too much religious sects, and between the sects together, past and present, absolutely never have the strength to dominate over time even though there are many Buddha teachers have more advantages, such incentives are key government state religion (as in two dynasties Ly, Tran in Vietnam.)
The Buddhist monks, if live according to Buddhist precepts, the proletariat is entirely . They have no power nor money. They only have two things: compassion and wisdom. But with two weapons, Buddhism for a while, had to win the hearts and minds of the majority of the world's peoples and ancient feudal [*], and today it is still a world religion with hundreds of millions of believers.
[*] The whole period from the last half of the fourth century AD VIII century can be called the Buddhist era of Chinese history. In fact, it's possible to call Buddhist era of Asian history. And so to speak, of the whole world, because at that time, more than half the world's population is Buddhist. Buddhism spread across Asia throughout, except two Siberian and Far Eastern regions, forming the continent a cultural unity unprecedented. (East Asia-The Great Tradition, - East Asia - the Great Tradition, p. 147-148, Edwin O Reischauer and John K. Faichanks, Harvard University)
monks, is the example of the moral and intellectual, is the teacher and the teachings and moral precepts. Temple is the center of intellectual and moral, is not only cozy place is, and worshiping. The sutras preached by persons who have been born to understand and follow, but not for the clergy to recite. It is geared towards the true Buddhist will long remain in the hearts of Vietnam, in the lives of Vietnam, Vietnam on our country.
Duty counsel Namo Buddha Shakyamuni.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT=WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.26/3/2014.NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).
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