Chapter VI

The Year After

-OOo-

PHILOSOPHY FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT

Between the years 515 and 500 BC, in the "Central Highlands", appeared in seven of the guru monk particularly influential. In addition to the Buddha, the Buddhist Sutras resources raised this list are (DN 2.2)

1. Purana Kassapa (Phu-lan-na Ca-lettuce)

2. Makkahi Gosala (Mat-Cu-pear-old relics).

3. Ajita Kesakambilin (A-United-States-health Multi-admiration-she-la).

4. Pakkuda Kaccayana (match-Ba-Ca-fried momentum-forums).

5. Sanjaya Belatthiputta (crown-elegant-coffee-la-di Pi-waving).

6. Nigantha Nataputta (Ni-Gandhara Nha-threads-mail).

These are all the elders, respected (DN 2.2) - but we must always remember that the average life span of people in India in the sixth century - the BC planned for approximately twenty-two age, so a person in fifty is considered very old.

1) Purana Kassapa:

Purana Kassapa was claiming Complete knowledge (AN 9:39), so the name is probably to be explained is Purananoana: with full knowledge, especially knowledge.

We only know about the origin of the clan is the lowly, and the happy wanderer naked - "wearing robes of virtue," nudity is called like that. The Jain scriptures mention a "foolish man ascetic" derives from the name Bebhela Purana, this surely is the Purana. One theory is that he was fasting to death after twelve years of austerity and died in Savittha. But according to a post on the back of the organ Buddhist Sanskrit (Divyavadana), he had a full bottle necks deep into their land.

Some teachings of Purana also saved enough so that we can see the profile of this philosophical content. Ajatasattu King, who has directed the wanderer Purana, reported this to the Buddha as follows:

"Dr. Dao Purana Kassapa said:" Sire, there is no evil done by people who incited down or others do, such as killing, burning, causing sorrow, suffering, agitation, killing and looting. Even people who use a razor wheels kill every living being on this earth into a pile of meat and no crime other jobs as a result, and also not growing crime. Or if any man of generosity, sacrifice, nor merit jobs that result, and do not grow well blessed. Giving practice of mind and body, said word of truth ... What blessings do not have. "(DN 2.17 abridged)

Consistent with the above, a disciple of the doctrine Purana summary of his teacher in these words: "Teacher Kassapa did not see anything in the crime killings, fraud, lying both times. He also does not believe there What good fortune for each person "(SN 2.3.10), and the Licchavi Mahali, the narrative statement of the Buddha Purana:" no causal (conditions) for the pollution of beings. No causal, being polluted. causal No, beings become pure. " (SN 22.60)

Thus Purana holds that the good or evil of what the consequences are not created for the industry, he denied that the law of karma. Because freed without preconditions, it can not be done by our own actions. In other words, not being able to contribute anything to his salvation at all, but to accept fate and wait passively liberated. Fatalism of Purana similar to the theory of the firm stance Aujivika, is Makkhali Gosala.

2) Makkhali Gosala:

The Economics of Bhagavatisutra Jain Makkhali name of Ardha-Magadhi style font is Makhaliputta Gosala. So, this is the son of the singer walking (mankha), the job that perhaps this was the serial fathers. Their son was born that day in a barn (Gosala) in Saravana, hence the name.

Nigantha Nataputta Makkhali met (ie Mahavira), the successor organization Founder Jain, as this is the ascetic practices in the third year (524 BC). Lured by the way, got his Makkhali begged Mahavir as his disciple, but Mahavira silent step. Some time later, Makkhali decided to throw away all clothes like Mahavira and thus live life as a recluse naked. At Paniyabhumi, a place not far from Nalanda Mahavira he met, and asked again to be recognized as his disciples. This time Mahavira accepted the invitation, and for six long years, the two lived together sharing all of life's difficulties so numerous family doctor.

It was during this time, Makkhali develop confidence in the nature of things predestined progress. This position utmost admiration of his wise teachers predict many events can not be prevented. For example, it was predicted that Mahavira on a certain day, Makkhali will be time for a fake coin begging, and although Makkhali find every way to prevent this, it is still happening exactly as Mahavira had predicted. So concludes Makkhali "What would have happened to happen that way, but not another."

Main part due to this philosophy and partly because of the bragging that Makkhali constantly put yourself and your intellect teacher in strict destitute. More than once he was beaten ragged crowd. Sometimes it looks like the implicit revenge who refuse alms for him, then their homes and villages they can be a fire, and he also happens to talk!

Since there was no help Mahavira power against the attackers should leave Makkhali experienced teacher he leaves, then immediately and soon realized that he did not have protection, he will face many hardships thrown hard to live without unharmed. Six months later, he found the teacher, but did not learn anything about his life experiences and continue to manners provocative and mischievous. On one occasion a wedding to go through, he commented that both bride and groom are strange ugly. After being married for a fatal battle, he realized that his words wisely did nothing.

The final breakup with guru Mahavira is due to one of the other tricks of the disciples. On the way through Magadha, and cycads Makkhali only a preview ask, cycads own will have any effect. Mahavira have much protection. As they continue to travel, Makkhali go backwards a little bit and wait at Mahavira did not notice, he spit up cycads. Some time later, they both come back to it and see the other cycads, despite being uprooted, still not dead. A rain tree roots made it back and left Sesame born again! Thus, although Mahavira proved to be correctly predicted, Makkhali mischievous joke to try your teacher is reason enough to make the guru disciple rid of this odd.

Abandoned his own way, Makkhali training efforts to attain spiritual powers and knowledge, the purpose of which, according to rumors he attained within six months. This may be recorded in the year 517 BCE. From that time to the public network, Makkhali recluse's life artist, but also never retreat in the rainy season a woman making pottery. Over time, he gradually made some monastic disciples and at home. Surely he has some wonderful features that should have caused even admired Pasensdi O King Kosala, the Buddha's friendship.

The Jain scriptures record full details of Makkhali life again in twenty years traveling the four of them, which is the year he died (501 BC). In that meeting Makkhali six disciples around him to the teachings of the system files. When Mahavira, the wise old guru he, hearing of the case, immediately recalls the crazy game of Makkhali from the two lived together, and said to the crowd threw everything they hear map. This spread like wildfire, causing so much trouble for Makkhali.

Resented being made fun of that, he went to the front of Mahavira, his claim that he is no longer the old Gosala Makkhali in the distant past: many times was reborn mind he has transformed into a completely new person. When Mahavira contempt denied this allegation, Makkhali lost temper and shouted at the Mahavir: "He will be our divine puncture! Six months you will die of fever." However, Mahavira did not fluctuate: no miracles for the impact that this will all come back to those who use it: "For seven nights from now, people will die of the fever."

And indeed, the Jain scriptures said, Makkhali back in Savittha pottery, and began to fall ill. He delirious fever, dancing, singing and cool plaster of clay pottery up all over my body. For the fans he visited in this situation, he also said all the words by psychotic confusion. Soon the crowd was out instructions to his disciples about his cremation, and cremation was to be solemnly celebrated lavish.

If today we can trust the Jain scriptures (certainly more biased), then Makkhali, on Saturday night after cursing the other competitions, has admitted to his transgressions austerity with the disciples that he is not an A-la-winning attain a position that only scammers, so died by his own curse. Hastily retreated injunctions about the organization before his cremation, commanded that he should disgrace his body, the monk three times to spit on the teacher, and tied a rope to left leg and pulled away throughout the body and threw it into Savitthi found somewhere.

The disciples only thing that could offend a holy symbol only. They draw the Savatthi map on the floor of the hut and pulled pottery remains up, then cremated extremely solemn!

In exchange wedding guru and Buddha Makkhali contempt. He declared: "I do not see anyone bring disaster and unhappiness for many people in Makkhali Gosala,'s insane." (AN 1:17)

In all the teachings of the monk Ba-la-pagan subjects, Makkhali doctrine is the most inferior. Because of this ignorance Makkhali policy statement does not have (the law) the business, no karma, no effort (capacity to achieve liberation). "(AN 3135)

And in a conversation with Dr. Ba-la-du Vacchagotta goal, he said no one sect Ajivika laureates suffering, except God be a world reborn, but this position is not a Ajivika are true and he did not believe in career (thus creating some of their own merit).

Pali Buddhist scriptures record Makkhali profile Gosala theory uttered from the mouth of this position. King Ajitasattu narrative with the words of the Buddha's, are considered medical verbatim:

"There is an affinity for pollution of beings. Causal No, being contaminated. Predestined to no contamination of beings. Causal No, beings are purified. A successful form of existence is not subject to self, others or force effort .... All sentient, living beings, all living beings, all life (Jiva) reaches the existing morphological Our due diligence or are not self, but has matured as a result of fate (niyati), birth parents (sangati) and existence (bhava) in six of his rebirth, which now Here we touch the age or size. Later 8,400,000 lives (in the cycle of birth and death), the sage and the ignorant lot of suffering to take advantage. thought I should not, "because this discipline, morality This, the austere virtues of this or we will mature the immature now, and will rid the industry has matured. "These things can not happen, or communications are suffering and can not rise to the or reduce the cycle of birth and death. Much like a coil launched lasts until drain out, too, the fools and the wise will end their suffering when the full flow cycle birth and death. " (DN 2.20 abridged).

The main point of this philosophy is the fate (niyati) decided to route all living beings through the cycle. It is not affected by anything, so good karma or bad karma are no consequences for the rebirth of nature.

Also, practice the Rule of Law is not worth anything, and even a Aujivika can not accelerate the process of liberation. The recluse hermit Ajivika do because fate has allotted to them as such, and not because they hope to improve future fate. However, a common motivation is the art of their predictions. If fate was predestined people, according to their thinking, they can at least try to know what happened near future.

Because of the way through the cycle all planned availability, should be assigned priority of happiness or suffering that they are enjoying life fate issued before. Therefore, the only sensible attitude is to accept things happen and endure without complaint. Freeing automatically as soon as a person progresses through life 8,400,000. There's a proverb Ajivika sent as follows:

Not the way to heaven,
every part of my life,
Everything happens next and bad
fate were so devoted.
cycle of reincarnation final
purification Makes everyone sound.
Do not wait to know
things about the picture.
(Jakarta VI 544)

About soldiers fatalism is particularly appealing, but many others prefer to recall a certain proverb Ajivika dispatched whenever something unfortunate happens.

Along with the disappearance of sex Ajivika in the second century BC in northern India and fourteenth centuries AD in Southern India, all their books are lost, so everything we know about philosophy of this sect are derived from the poetry excerpts of the opposition. A number of key issues such as the nature of the soul or life (Jiva) make contact between the life together, and the nature of freedom in the final stage of the long road of life and death that are achieving are fate sketches available, therefore no exact answers at all.

3) Ajita Kesakambalin:

No details have been circulated biography Ajita Kesakambalin (except for the fact that the Buddha is much older. Above Nickname proved he brought jacket (Kambala) in hair (KASE) a he commented that as the Buddha (AN 1135), very uncomfortable: cold in winter and hot in the hot season, the smelly and itchy. Nobody understands why he wore it all year round , because he denies the value of asceticism, so he hopes the idea will not do anything for this release.

Materialist theory of Ajita-nothingness similar to the theory of sex Lokayatas, Carvakas or Nastikas and Ajitasattu king said, are summarized as follows:

"There is no generosity, sacrifice or sacrifice, (those that can bring value for free.) No result of bad karma (kamma), do not have this life or after (but only the meet the senses.) No mother, no father, and no species of life. above this world no recluses or Ba-la-goal achievement supreme finality, the reach enlightened, expounded this world and the other world, as we saw with tri won their place. Rather, this man formed by the four elements. When the public network, the site returned to the land, water back to the water, the fire back to the fire, the back rooms and apartments with air vanish into nothingness. Both years, meaning that four men carrying a coffin and the body in the coffin is the year, go to the place of cremation. guys who abstain determine any praise where praise until there, where the bones of white color and become ashes offerings. Only ignorant people spreading the international charity holidays. When we told the other benefit, which lies just empty. fool and the wise man, the dissolution of the body corporate networks are destroyed, mortal, no longer exist after death. " (DN 2:23)

It's hard to imagine that Ajita, who did not give a glimmer of hope of afterlife or the path of liberation, the monk can be made to the disciples. Apparently he appeared as a speaker alone and just lay disciples crowd only.

4) Pakudha Kaccayana:

An atomic theory of matter was proposed Pakudha Kaccayana, from which it draws the conclusions grossly inferior. This is just a working-class people his Brahmin She names her past. This position recognizes seven basic elements or body

(Kaya) of the seven completely different kinds of things are so constituted. They are innovative, usually existing and unchanging. Seven basic elements that are: earth, water, fire, wind, happiness, pain and soul or network based (Jiva).

"No person was killed or died, no hearer say, there is no known or said. Beheaded Anyone keen for others to not win anyone's life.'s Who only cross swords about nothingness between seven other elements (not hurt anything at all). (DN 2.26)

The fact that seven other fundamental factors, if combined into one overall vitality, possibility involves a phenomenon nobler, greater numbers simply stems all the factors, it is clear that This does not illuminate the theory of Pakudha. However, in terms of history, this teacher has an important position as advocated atomic theory of matter first India. Seven of the fundamental elements were later sent south Ajivika reception, so he also sometimes called a Ajivita.

5) Sanojaya Belatthipputta:

Buddhist scriptures give a pretty dim picture of this position, this is probably the Sanojaya in Rajagaha was a master of both the Venerable Sariputta and Moggallana. In conversation with King Ajatasattu, this position considers himself a follower of skepticism and agnosticism, refutes any theory is not set on observation and experience. Perhaps this philosophy has a positive meaning that content, but if so, the content did not exist two thousand five hundred years early.

6) Nigantha Nataputta (son of Natha clan to give up the knots), there is Vardhamana own name, and is the son of martial nobles more power Trisala Siddhattha and his wife. He was born in 557 BC in Kundagrama (now Basukund) near Vesali, later more famous titles such precious Mahavira (Dai Hung) and Jina (Victorious). The name of the religious gurus, Jain, a nickname derived from the latter.

Vardhamana grew up in prosperous family circumstances, to receive an education of a conventional substrate-town Police. When adulthood, he married and had a daughter. The parents are the teachings of Parsva (Natha), maybe it's a true master in history, legend came from Benares, lived in the eighth century BC and his disciples are called Nigantha ( Ni-Peak-mail: Separated knots). They sectarian very strict asceticism to the point, to achieve self purification to eliminate industrial past (kamma), they starve to death. As parents footsteps, outside Vardhamana, the prefects Nandivardhana is a Ni-Peak-mail. After his father died, Nandivardhana consular missions and used his father's political forces in Vesali to propagation of Ni-Peak-mail.

Two years after his parents starve to death, on the occasion of the beginning of winter, Vardhamana farewell to family life recluse. That time (527 BC) was the thirty-year-old. Because compliance with the teachings of the Parsva profile, he does not need to find a new master that lives only in the case of the Rule of Law. First, he makes travelers ascetic, covered only a medical, but thirteen months after he quit medicine and thus "wear air: ie nude, a practice which a disciple of This is because Makkhali Gosala, a wanderer Ajivika, accepted.

Vardhamana committing oneself under the harsh rule, Legend is already building a high wall around yourself to meditate inside. For two years he was two months old in that this way, and then began to travel, gradually towards the east from the "Trung Nguyen" in the western Bay of Bengal today, and perhaps to take the sea. He's exposure to eastern Indian masses are not perfectly fine, because the people there see naked form is unscrupulous and do not understand the mendicant lifestyle. Sometimes they even drop the dog snatched the other monk naked again!

Vardhamana extreme ascetic life, though he has not pursued a style that his austerities. The Enlightenment of the event is considered to have made this the Complete Knowledge level appeared after twelve years of his life homeless wanderer, ie in 515 BCE. Enlightenment is a scene near the Sala tree Jrimbhikagrama. Due to enlightenment, becoming masters Vardhamana Victorious (jina) with this title, the period was also popular all over the chain: the galaxy Victorious was treated reverence.

After thirty years of practice and create career success with master teacher status, Mahavira died at Pava (now Pavapuri) near Patna in 485 BC at the age of seventy-two. Like parents masters starve to death. He does so for posterity a recluse congregation and lay disciples, male and female, less than or sect Buddhist monks Ajivika, but also cleverly organized by unions. This is the doctrine Nigantha renaissance, gradually over time is called Jain, exists in India so far and has about two million followers, mostly in Bombay.

General Ky-na doctrine which we find in the Pali Canon (DN 2:29) missing critical points of this system. Fortunately, we do not need to follow this scriptural sources, because the disciples Jain holy comes fully cover the text is copied to the fifth century AD and handed Ardhamagadhi language (language language of the master Mahavira), Apadhramsa and Sanskrit.

In addition, the literature of the Indian population under direct influence of the United-na. This sect view the preservation of ancient texts is important merit merit now by hand or printed copy of this book to decay after about one and a half hundred years.

Like Buddhism, director States-Canada does not believe in the rise or fall of the world on a regular basis. This old world still exists and so does not decay, although all forms of change that goes on in every circumstance and changing services. Everything is going according to the natural laws of cause and effect and not a god of any mechanism to check the whole world. Any external intervention into the natural laws that can not be obtained.

The whole world, including the network and non-living elements of life, which are required to sign-na very clear distinction. Non-life areas (ajiva) includes five categories, morphology, and reality, which is: space, movement, suspension, time and material (pudgala). Material (ie, soil, water, fire, air) by the atom (anu) form, the atoms can not be subdivided further. Atoms combine with other atoms together, and from this arises the sociable many diverse physical manifestation that we can see. Darkness, light, sound and noise are also considered to be material.

Contrary to the non-life sector was the area of ​​life (Jiva). Countless souls or separate self (Ātman) belong to this area, they are everlasting, conscious, full of knowledge, very best and perfect, how long they are not degraded into "the life" ( Jiva) or "soul incarnate" by pollution from outside. Both from Ātman and Jiva are generally only soul, the way it exists in the pure state or states could enter. Everyone atmans are the same, while the jivas are different due to this embodiment can enter.

The degradation of a Jiva Ātman deposited by the impure substance made subtle, invisible naked eye, it can stick to Ātman as dust particles stick to a smooth surface. In this way, Ātman first create a spiritual entity, then it is a physical entity. This entity initially concealed and covered up every last basic properties Ātman. Thus Ātman became a Jiva, is a real living beings trapped in the cycle of samsara (round of rebirths), so the suffering endured constant recurrence.

All suffering comes from attachment to the physical soul. The jivas are not just human beings, but also the grass, trees, earth, water, fire, wind, rocks to gravel again. The animals have a group soul. According to Jain perspective like that, most of the existing range are vivid, while the other school of thought often view them as inanimate property. This belief explains the special interest of the religious people of America-na avoid harming the environment.

The bound (yoga) the soul in the material world and the cycle of birth and death have appeared from time without beginning. It was created by the industry (Karman) from Italy, imported by each of the sentient body. Every action is either good or bad, will roll up the dust of karma-called Karman in Jain terminology - they make life defilements of action ie: the Karman is seen as the "sinful nature" subtle. The act cruel and selfish dust pollution created more karma than other actions, and as beings tied to the cycle over again.

The end of the Jain was freed soul from the cycle of rebirth. Freed, ie change lives (Jiva) reverts soul (Ātman) purity, made by living for all past now (Karman), so they are eradicated, and by to not create additional new business. Method to cure this go through so many rebirths and protracted suffering. Therefore must sign-na says that only a few beings that walk the path to the destination, but the majority must be born again permanently.

To destroy the old business as quickly as possible, many Catholics United-na many international practice extreme austerities including fasting to death. Death from the ascetic accepted, although generally considered suicide as a sign of cowardice. For the purposes of preventing the new industry arise, they often follow very strict lifestyle.

Everyone Jain disciples, monks as well as at home, there are five basic rules (Vrata), the inference is pretty loose for lay people, but extremely strict monk, which is: do not harm any Jiva (ahimsa), not steal or lie, sexual abstinence and not create too many assets.

The road to liberation for the layman is divided into eleven stages (Pratima). So can not avoid harming small organisms in the soil, so between the profession, the secular farming is prohibited. So lay community director of the US-Canada business, many people have become rich through trade in gold pearls. Yellow jade is inanimate, so do not use them any harm Jiva.

Attained perfection (siddhi) and liberation (moksa) can only achieve by clergy. This is essential to liberate the soul, restoring the purity of Ātman. Those who are liberated (kevalin) will reside after death in heaven higher than this universe. In which they exist as non-physical soul in a state of total bliss or knowledge, real estate, wedding glasses, very best.

Above is a brief catechism States-na, although a few may have been classified in the following, however, is definitely the quintessential ideas were made from the patriarchs Mahavira, even the Parsva again.

Pali scriptures there is no indication that the Buddha had personally met any of the pagan clerk his reputation at the time. As a rule he avoided such meetings (Snip 828, 912), although chances are you will win any debate he does with text. He was seen as a respectable competitor, hard won.

"Recluse Gotama is full of counsel, he knows many tricks mesmerizing appeal (ie touched) the unbelieving disciples". The disciple Dihatapassin Jain (Schools Struggle Say) report to his guru Mahavira so, after discussion with the Buddha (MN 56). To Mahavira have rituals to easily create a personal opinion reviews "recluse Gotama", since both are near each other in the Nalanda (MN 56). On the other hand, the Buddha is not interested in associating with the Mahavira.

In the two first decades of preaching, the director of the Buddha's relatively easy success. His enthusiastic and inspiring pristine, while the opposite doctrine weaker. DRINKS the fierce competition to prevail between the masses and the opposition skilled masters appear only gradually over time, the first derivative jivikas, sent over from the United-na. In the last decade of his life, almost only have to sign-na is philosopher team with his opposition.

Although the Buddha never personally met any of the leaders of other denominations, usually the guru's disciples did, most of the Mahavina, still in his audience. Pali scriptures cite other visits, for example as follows:

"One time, the Blessed One resident of Nalanda, at his residence in Mango Garden Pavarika. Then Asibandhakaputta village chief, guru disciple of Mahavira visited the speakers to Exalted. When he sat down on the left The Sun, The Sun asked :

This village-chief, Nigantha Nataputta teachings taught his disciples how?

The Sun-White, Nigantha Nataputta teach like this:

"Anyone who lives to kill, they all fall to the origin, hell.'s Not taking anyone for, live in the sexual misconduct, lying, they all fall to the origin, location Hell. According to a person how to live normally felt, who was born headed beasts ". Venerable sir, so that Nigantha Nataputta teachings taught his disciples. "

This village-chief, he said: "According to a person with common practice how they live theirs toward sentient beasts. " But if the situation is like this, no one to fall origin, hell. So what do you think, is the village chief? If an occasional killing, the time is more common (= much more) for men was: who was killing time or time killing those who did not?

The Sun-White, who of course was not the time of killing is often more.

-But he said: "The way a person can practice how to live normally, then who's being headed beasts". Thus, according to the teachings of Nataputta, no one is rotten country, hell.

(This is also consistent with the Mahavir karma was rejected).

The village head, the other a teacher lecture (the opposite statement to what Mahavira) and his disciples put their faith in him. But he thought: "I declare that killing anyone - they all fall into the origin, hell. Now also killing us, so we will have to direct the country, hell." And because the wrong man was clinging there, not letting go wrong there, not sure who's in hell, fall origin.

* But here, the village chief, Tathagata appears in the world, grade A-la-wing Enlightenment. As Lai vehemently criticized the killing, taking what is not given, in the sexual misconduct and lying. The disciple put faith in the guru, he thought: "I am now killing. It's not true, is not so good. Should always keep in mind that other evil actions do we have missed, let us now repentance ". And by that thought, he abandoned this by killing and overcome evil he (kamma) ... and right understanding and practice, upholding the apartment, meditative development, consistent sound from ...

Like conch horn echoed by four, he turned to the four winds chronic kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, discharge, countless, countless bienA, the village chief, thanks freed and discharged from the center of the mind practiced exit so, what qualities would not have limited the amount of residual remains, will no longer exist. "

Upon hearing these words, the village chief Asibandhakaputta told The Sun:

"It's rather wonderful, revered sir, it's rather rare, venerable sir, Exalted wish to receive the specified threshold laymen Exalted from now until forever." (SN 42.2,8 abridged)

All of this is interesting, not only for describing a discussion between the sects, but also because the techniques used by the Buddha argued here, this technique can be called a "limited way". After stating the theory of karma (kamma) is the extreme of Mahavira A (evil actions happen occasionally lead to karma), and the other is a master extreme Z (all evil actions were taken to karma), he presented his theory about the cause of the Middle Way M would be: "Business results of an evil action can be overcome through repentance and faith practice of sex development blessing. " Both the fact of the matter as well as theoretical methods, here are the Buddha's Middle Way to prove him.

Buddha did not appreciate the ability to preach the teachings of Mahavira. He told the monks monks, the United-na teachings unsatisfactory from any public viewpoint. Because if the suffering of sentient beings are due to past business decisions, all students must sign-na, who live in harsh Discipline, endured so much suffering, there must be those who create many evil deeds in past lives. Or if we assume communication is suffering due to a certain creator, or by accident, they would all be disciples of America-na by a malevolent Creator into effect, or the result of random catastrophe fully unhappiness. (MN 107)

Hustler intellectual flexibility of the Buddha that he easily refute the opposing philosophy by noting points of their internal contradictions. An example is the dialogue with the village chief must sign-na mentioned above, is another example of his conversation with Dighanakha Aggivessana pagan wanderer, his sister's son Venerable Sariputta (MN 74) . Dighanakha (School awarded) visited the Buddha on Vulture Peak (Gijjhakuta) near Rajagaha, and opinions stated: "All are not interested me." The Buddha said that if all (sabbam) he will not enjoy, this should include both philosophy is always with you anymore. Perplexed, Dighanakha forced to admit this is so. Then the Buddha preached that the contradictory notions such as internal obstacles to peace of mind. The ends liberation can only be achieved by abandoning all public philosophy Coliseum, thanks to insight wisdom as true nature of existence, identity itself is impermanent, suffering and non-self (ie no ego exists in after death). This understanding will lead to people feeling cynical glasses (pain, touch, any size any communication), dispassion, cessation liberation and rebirth. Dighanakha impressed when listening to this lecture, and he would join the congregation of laymen Buddha.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT=WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.4/11/2013.NAM MO SAKYMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).