Beginning of what is life?
"Behold, O disciples, the starting point of a journey so far this is inconceivable. Beings shrouded in watertight membrane Ignorance. Exiled Education tightly bound, unable to start exploring of the constant rotation, infinite journey. " - Review A Ham
A fluid with a Buddhist, rebirth is not theoretical but an event can be illustrated by the case of obvious happened. Notes reborn as basic teachings of Buddhism, although the ultimate goal of Buddhism is Nibbana - the cessation of rebirth - can succeed even in this life.
ideal of bodhisattvas, or Bodhisattva, and teachings on the path of liberation are also based on the theory of rebirth.
texts in the history of human thought have noted that the theory of reincarnation, as the reincarnated soul or move , were philosophers like Pythagoras, the great poet like Shelley, Tennyson, Wordsworth and many other characters in the East and the West to accept.
One should not confuse the teachings of Buddhism rebirth reincarnation theory components with souls, or reincarnation, of some other belief system, because Buddhism does not recognize the reincarnation of a soul, a Spirit created by or derived from a Great Soul (Paramatma).
The Karma, which action to facilitate regeneration. Past Kamma conditions for rebirth in the present life. Current industry in collaboration with the past now, and create conditions for rebirth in the next life. Now is the offspring of the past and become the parents of the future.
now is a truism, not need to prove. The past is recorded in memory or somewhere else such as newspapers, books etc. .. and ideas about the future based on plans put before, the inference, the computational performance.
If determined that the past, present, and future, then, we should be standing in front of a problem : the ultimate origin of life is what? The starting point of life at any place?
For answers, the flow of thought holds that the first cause of life is a principle, a power of the universe, or an omnipotent Spirit. One other thought streams have not received the first cause for the overall experience, the chain of cause and effect, the birth outcome, the results become, like constant forever, impossible to conceive a starting point.
According to of thought, the first one starting life [1]. The second system has no initial guidelines. According to the comments of a few characters, the notion that everything must have a first cause is as ridiculous as the concept we have rounded triangle.
Having argued that life must begin in a amorphous public past and that is starting her Creator. In this case there is no reason we can not raise a question: "What causes birth Creator?"
In the discipline policy is the first cause, there are many different views. Many religious teachers and philosophers have used different words like Parramatta, Brahma, Isvara, God, the Almighty, Allah, God, the Father, the Creator, Huon Law Week, Rootless Cause, The Body Spirit, pakati, Padhàna etc. ..
According to Hinduism, all the atma, or soul, both arising from the Soul (Paramatma), and this life from conception to another, as long as that soul eligible to enter the back of the Hon. We can be on a question - "So the soul (atma) that, when entered into the soul, there must be out longer in the womb is not?"
Christian advocate the cause first. One reason is that Almighty God, and all things in life were due to His will.
Mentioning this problem, Schopenhaeur wrote:
"Anyone who thinks he was born from nothing-not I think that will become damaged-not. Thus, before life had an infinite past. then an endless future begins, and through the past, present, and future, that I never cease to be, is a monstrous thought.
"Moreover if reborn in absolute dead time which is of course absolute right to terminate, and asserts that man is born out of nothing required to lead to the conclusion that the death absolutely nothing more. "[2]
Spencer Lewis also argued that:
"According to the principles of theology, man is born an arbitrary, not exploration unwanted before birth, and the birth, not merit nor sin, not to vile not, from the first step of the process of life to the last breath. No one needs to know the will, the desire, the longing, the objective struggle, or the prayers of all the interest of an individual. That is the way of the theory of predestination theology.
"doctrine holds that all people are born sinful and guilty since he was sworn caused by a mistake of Adam, is a challenge to justice , challenged love, compassion, and universal nature carefree side. "
Huxley said:
"If we recognize that there is a character who knowingly created the universe and make it live, then in my opinion , it is clear that he is not compassionate and righteous, but the meaning of the word police, even with malice and injustice. "
According to Einstein:
"If the Almighty's character, or what happens each course, every action, thought, human, each feeling and aspirations of the people, were the work of God. then how can we think that people are forced to take responsibility for the actions and his thoughts before the Almighty who did?
"When issued punishments and rewards, the main character was, in a certain extent, also took his own judgment. How did this event can match the goodness and virtue of justice Union that was assigned to him? "
According to Charles Bradlaugh:
"The existence of sin in the world is a terrible obstacle for those who believe theistic secularists. Suffering, misery, crime, deprivation, compared with eternal charity, and a challenge to answer questions about the statement of the Spirit is considered Perfection, Omniscient and Omnipotent. "
When referring to God, and the problem of human grief. Javana Professor BS Haldane wrote:
"There are two reasons, or suffering a requisite for human nature to improve his mind, or God is not Complete Quick.
"There is very little but suffering is good because nature has blessed was born into a family of well educated, perhaps puzzling facts first.
"On the second point, if you're the one responsible for Spirit of the Almighty, that this course you can create whatever it wanted. On the other hand, if you look at the whole universe, we would see a few flaws need correcting. And a Creator can create whatever He wants. "[3]
In a moment of desperation the old poet Lord Tennyson also strongly oppose God's character once said, as recorded in the Isaiah, "I make peace and create evil" (Isaiah XXV, 7):
"What? I can see that the infinite love that has served us well reasonable?
Or is this endless violence, violence has created everlasting hell?
has created us, we know, has judge us, and God's love to wear all their own way.
deceased mother have better luck, because she no longer heard the whisper of our lament. "
writers arbitrary time ancients have declared that God created man in His image. Several modern thinkers, in contrast, say that man created God in his image.
writer Voltaire said that God is real the noblest that man has created. [4]
With the maturation of human culture, human conception of God is gradually improving. Currently there is a tendency to replace the organic God fell by a selfless God.
Nevertheless inconceivable a similar character, know everything and everywhere present, a crystallization of all that is good in the universe or outside .
Modern science also tried to follow up the issue with the understanding system-of-systems have their limits. According to scientists it is the direct product of sperm and ovum parents., but not science adequately explains the spiritual component is extremely important in the physical body complex machinery of man. while assertive "omne vivum ex vivo", all are living life by birth, Scientists also held that mind and life are born from where there is no life.
standpoint of science, we are born entirely by parents place. therefore, before one's life, forced to have lives of our parents, etc. .. Therefore, "before life is life ', forever in the birth material (protoplasm) first. But this science can not explain why this is the birth of the first her first.
Before the beginning of the problems of life, the Buddhist attitude like?
First, we must realize that the Buddha did not intend to solve all the problems and moral philosophy of humanity. Buddha did not mention any problems towards the improvement of human or enlightenment. Buddha in Christians not require a blind faith in the first cause of life, as well as other issues.
Once there was a monk named Malunkyaputta, feel free practices of each level of Buddha was slow so graciously transparency to the Buddha that he had not mentioned the source of life, and if he did not immediately explain that point, the teacher will give birth to defrock priests. The monk said:
"O Buddha, the theory he explained this was not transparent. issues that he has hung over the side, not to teach that the world is not eternal, the world is presented limited or endless? If the Buddha clearly the things that I will continue to follow his noble religious life. Otherwise, I will retire him.
"If the Buddha knew that the world is His eternal, please explain to the transparency that the world is eternal, if the Exalted knew that the world is not eternal, ask him out to me that the world is not eternal. Certainly in this case, for the ignorant and unenlightened, it is most rewarding to say: I do not know, I is not enlightened. "
Buddha calmly, slowly monk asked the wrong other communications with him to a monk ordained for the purpose of solving similar problems like that?
- White Buddha, no.
Buddha advised monks not to waste time and energy in the only delay the progress of his spirit.
taught him:
"Behold Malunhyaputta, who said that, we decided not ordained by the Tathagata to virtuous life before He gives us the things clearly - he shall died before hearing the Tathagata explained.
"For example, a man was shot into her a poisoned arrow. relatives friends go out and physician to heal.
"In the meantime the patient said: I will not tell anyone this arrow pulled out, take the wall before explaining the origin of the arrow, someone shoot me, is the nature of how arrows etc. .., he will not die before the hearing likes.
"It's the same, who said: -'' I'm not going to live by the Tathagata before his religious life to me clearly the world is eternal or not, the world has no limits, or infinitum ... ", he shall die before hearing the Buddha explained.
'If you believe this world is eternal immortality, the belief that there is the holy life of the monks who does not?
- Yes, there is.
- "oil, however, believe that the world is eternal or not, there is birth, there is aging, there is death. Cessation of birth, aging, sickness and death is something that every explanation Tathagata.
"Behold Maluankyaputta, Tathagata does not raise the issue of the world is eternal or not, the world is limited or endless. Why ?
"Because these things are not useful, not as a foundation for the holy life, not end hatred, negativity, do not lead to extinction, tranquility, intellectual enlightenment or Nirvana Tables. So Tathagata does not mention this problem. "[5]
According to Buddhism, we are born from the womb of action (Kammayoni.) The act or Karma is our past and nourish the fetus to facilitate regeneration. structure Parents the foundation material. Thus, before being being there. before a being in this present life to a being in past lives. At conception, the Industry to facilitate the first of their livelihoods fetal cells. the invisible karma arises from past lives, create spiritual phenomena and the phenomenon of air in an available physical phenomena - ie sperm and ovum parents - to include all three elements, ternary, constitute human.
Referring to the issue of conception, the Buddha taught:
"Where there are three factors that is pre-integrated life arises. If mother and father come together, but not for the mother's time and do not have a seed (gandhabba), there is no living germ. If parents met during the mother's without the cooperation of a seed (gandhabba), then there is no living germ. If parents met for the mother's time and be born there live pathogens, due to a combination of three factors. [6] "
gandhabba here does not mean "a god that people have an obligation to that witnessed the conception" [7] or a midwife grandmother, but just a seed, or a core element in fetus. noun gandhabba only in this particular case only. should never be confused with a soul.
Having rebirth in this place, there must be an immediate death being somewhere else. Speaking correctly, the birth of a living being, that the structure of aggregates (Khandhanam patubhavo), or the psycho-physical in the present life, forwarded immediately by the death of the last one being life, as they say, when the sun set in a place that is sunrise somewhere else. seemingly cryptic statement that can be clearly and easily understood if we visualize life as a glider waves, not as a straight line. Wavy emerged, then down to start a new wavy. Yet two different wavy but not a hiatus. Birth and death are only two phases in a process. Sanh and death, birth and death, the endless revolving birth-and death-birth of the long chain of life known as reincarnation (samsara), an uncertainty away, forever and without purpose. [8]
The origin of life is what?
Buddha clearly stated that it is impossible to know the limits of life revolving in samsara. Beings, covered with layers of ignorance and craving rope bondage, forever wandering in samsara. The starting point of this journey distant unrecognizable.
Life is like water flowing endlessly. Every day the muddy water was received of ignorance and craving, the life cycle is smooth and only stopped when ignorance and craving completely severed. As long as he is not reborn, as the case Arahat monks. We can not determine the starting line of life. The origin and evolution history of the universe, not to mention the Buddha.
Footnotes:
[1] "There is no reason to suppose that the world had a beginning. idea advocated things must have a beginning position arises due to poor ideology." Bertrand Russell - "Why I am not a Christian".
[2] See "The World as Will and Idea".
[3] See his article on "A plea for Atheism - Humanity's Gain from unbelief".
[4] " Obviously can not exactly prove the existence of God. So far, most have yet to prove the axiom as evidence, what will be proved in the conclusion. " Reverend W. Kirkus for "orthodoxy Scripture and Reason", page 34.
"We were instructed to be recognized that there are sinners in the universe. And it is God's responsibility. undeniably We cons God has for sin and suffering exist. " Canon CE Raven in "The Grounds of Christian Assumption".
[5] Majjhima Nikaya, the Middle Nikaya, Sutta Cula Malunkya, No. 63.
[6] Majjhima Nikaya, the Middle Nikaya, Sutta Mahatanhasamkhaya, No. 38.
Though available lighting Heart and oil, but without external flame lit in surely no light.
[7] See FL Woodward, "Some Sayings of the Buddha", page 40.
[8] Anamataggo 'yam bhikkhave samsaro, pubbakoti na pannayati avjjanivarananam sattanam tanhasamyojananam sandhavatam.
"starting point, dear brethren, it can not be measured or calculated. schedule it progresses too. The first point of the long running log of the class being covered filled ignorance and craving were tied on, indeed unexplored ". FL Woodward, "Kindred Sayings", Part III, page 118.
"No conceivable starting point of the cycle. could not discover the original starting capital beings, veiled in ignorance and stick with craving, are hurrying, hastily, running through the crazy island cyclic consecutive continued "- Nyanatyloka Thera.
Samsara, Samsara, learned the true sense of the word, is to wander the estate and do not stop. Atthasālini Samsara noun defined as follows:
Khandhanam patipati dhatu-ayatanana ca
ti Abbhocchinam vattamana samsaro pavuccati.
Samsara, Samsara, is a continuation of the relentless aggregates, four elements and senses. END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT=WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.5/11/2013.NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).
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