Ie increasing positive Tang monk. Tang Dynasty, there are many monks chanting away but only he is the most special, the most popular, so much as they say it is only for the Tang Tang Xuanzang. Also included is the Tripitaka scriptures Shamans, Law and Argument visceral organs. Because he was the understanding of the Tripitaka Tang, laws and theories so called Tripitaka Master.
His biography written more people around the world. Particularly, Vietnam 4, 5 writers like Thich Minh Chau 1 copy, brethren Vo Dinh Cuong 1 copy, Tran Ha also has 1 post, Nguyen Hien Le also have 1 post ... In full biographies say He then set about Thich Minh Chau or Vo Dinh Cuong's brethren. But in summary, there's all of Tran Ha and Nguyen Hien Le scholars. In my opinion, the article is some of Nguyen Hien Le is the most concise and more attention, more profound impression with him - a very special history. Mr. Nguyen Hien Le is a renowned scholar of Southern ago.
In this article I rely on Nguyen Hien Le to summarize. Mr. Nguyen Hien Le placed topic in his article: "Xuanzang and the unprecedented scriptures of mankind".
With subtitles so we know Xuanzang was and how great is it? An unprecedented scriptures of mankind - mankind's own and not China - that the scriptures was unprecedented, with no immediate before and after he also does not have to be, no one making an economic appeal as he did. Before and after who do not like so-called unprecedented. Internal subtitle of Nguyen Hien Le put into it, we see the great noble's how Xuanzang then:
"Xuanzang (French is Hiuan-Tsang) who is not a philosopher, not promote something more to directing, he also is not a writer or a scientist, much less to be a detective insurance as Christophe Colomb, Magellan, he was just a Mage Buddhist pilgrimage to the land, so that his career against Buddhism important than career for Hi Chu Confucianism, he gave the Chinese nation seventy-five books, including over a thousand books, enrich the universal language is Chinese, and saved humanity countless very precious documents on customs, climate, rivers, mountains, trees, relics of the domain desolate, mysterious in Central Asia, especially India, which documents the expedition to the West after he had to be very precisely compliment, very precious. recovered in human history Monday tastes celebrity as he does not? Interior of the Chinese nation a magical appeal of a phone call to the scripture, word of mouth for each copy into an instant the novel Journey to the West - is also a honor throughout history who have not received any more! Especially reading his biography see his example to give us a little shine without trace. The other great, except for couple of saints, can we not have a place to serve, and his lifelong frugal, brave, industrious, studious, polite, humble, pure and sacrifice.
I want to have a portrait of him too! "
The opening verse of Nguyen Hien Le scholar Xuanzang praised as such, we see and imagine what his biography says how to end it. A pagan scholar, not in direct, perhaps their course saying this in a very objective comments, not because religion tells people in the Path of Truth. Internal words he used on his show enough respect and praise him profusely. "Read his complete biography see his example to give us a little shine without trace. The other great men, but few Saints there was not room for recovery. And his lifelong frugality , brave, industrious, studious, polite, humble, pure and sacrifice. "
How many stories or, how many good words are composed in praise of all - there is enough in him before. Christophe Colomb is the explorer who discovered America, Magellan who traveled around the world. He pointed out that to compare two people through his work, not the explorer, not a writer, not a scientist nor philosopher's. But his merits for Buddhism, for China, and for humanity as well big deal.
"He was born in 602 AD, the 14th year Depending life issues [*] District Demand (Lo Chau is Yem Sa District, Henan Province), in a very grand family. Generous Kham Tran Opening knighthood National Army of Northern Wei life; fathers Tran Quoc use incense making life doctors Northern Qi, Chen Tue father is the district serves Depending born in Jiangling, after that kiss Depending worth to be a military, Boredom, from home teaching. Mr. Chan's real name, rank youngest. second brother, Fatherland, as Venerable Buddhist Pure Land (Luoyang). thus his family is a family Confucian, found in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which at that time was a very popular time of Buddhism in China.
[*] Mr. Tran Huyen Trang Tran Ha in all scriptures and history tour (Polytechnic 57 - Day 15-5-59 where Xuanzang, born in 596 (16th year Depending problem). René Groussel I follow in Surles book traces de Bouddha (Plön-1948), p. 22 Tu Hai said no and year of birth of Xuanzang president but said Trinh Quan first year (Trinh Quan's reign of Tang Taizong), ie, 627 West calendar, Xuanzang 26 years old (age in the East), so the theory of Groussel: Xuanzang, born in 602. Moreover, Xuanzang If that is born in the 8th year of life Depending on the problem, rather than 16th year .
Buddhism started in China probably from the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty was less affected; died North Korea and South East Xun, China's corrupt society, constant chaos, suffering people use, not looking consolation is that in the new Buddhism in Confucianism, Taoism should go back, especially Buddhism, but Buddhism new facility flourished. Use life burn North Korea had 900 young Buddhist temple at Luoyang and, in the State Sangha has gathered over 3,000 people. From the king to the people, who also worship Buddhism. monks and nuns enjoy many benefits: from soldier to be exempt from tax, corvee, so the more chaos, the more poverty, the more people run into Buddhist refuge under the door. who would also head of Buddha, from the land to be taxed, to try to expand very quickly Buddhism; Northern Wei to life, the temple occupies a third of the total land area in the country.
North South end of life, the danger to the European court, advocated killing Buddhist monks began 3 million and ordered further down in very many temples. But by the end of the 6th century, the Buddhist revival, then the policy's brutality Depending worth to make people wretched, miserable (three times with Goryeo war, to mobilize more than a million extra page but lost, a time to enjoy Quynh Giang Nam bloom, which began more than a million people to train from Luoyang to experience lecturing), temples to grow up a lot, open to those who are fed up with the times or evasion deep contraband.
Xuanzang's father is the one who fed it. He no refuge, Confucianism still holds, but economic avid reader of Taoism and Buddhism. "
At 8 years old he preferred ritual, very serious approach, perhaps due, upright character, does not like to dance, not bewildered as other babies. When his father brought honor to his lectures heard, he rose from the stage to hear him preach stood up listening teaching experience. Seeing as he rose from that, when he heard his father sitting teaching experience, he also stood up shirt fix. His father was surprised why listening is such that standing up means what? He said, grew from listening to teachers but also to stand alone rather staid hear father taught me that you do not stand up is disrespectful. The 8-year old said he was so right. Since we know that his spirit out alright.
"Huyen Trang, eight-year-old in love rituals, mood serious approach. Few years later, he is a refuge Attorney, Xuanzang occasionally hear him preach Buddhism to hear, according to his amorous wanted. Five 13 years old, he left Pure Land temple in Luoyang for refuge. initially, hesitant temple, damn he is too young, after that he was sincere and intelligent novel, should accepted. " [*]
[*] According to Nguyen Huy Khanh, author of treatises, novels, the Chinese Buddhist Pure Land that was once the imperial court ordered Sayadaws pick 27. Want Monk is subject to an examination of education and ethical behavior (including regulations most of her life from birth Depending new abolished). The number of exam candidates were several hundred. Xuanzang also recorded name, but because younger are not allowed to attend. However, he's still smart Undaunted, hid themselves near the goal but overhear. A fruit meal Thien Trinh - sent to the court - that boy standing there caught even signify a person is heard, saw more handsome visualized as flow repartee, asked: "You would ordained to do?" - Ladies' wishes, remote connection Tathagata Buddha, nearly as bright as the French ". Compassion aside special way to make Increase (Chinese fiction treatise p. 149, Khai Tri - 1950).
At that time in the Pure Land Buddhist temple of the king is allowed to recruit 27 more monks. Meanwhile countless people please do increase both 100. Representative to the Imperial name is Zheng Shan selection too. Xuanzang young age should not be included in the selection list. But he stood outside the door listening equivocal. Results show that Zheng Shan asked about age, hometown, hobbies ... especially when out why he wanted to renounce? He replied: I would like the connection is far from monastic Buddhism, Tathagata, almost as bright as the French (as Lai Vien descriptions, such as legal access). This sentence means, I left home to look for the remote, the front, the Buddha, I want to stream the same lineage of Buddhism. Looking to close in the morning now I want teachings are so genetically his. Renunciation is for that purpose. While age is still small, increase recruitment imperial seat, because childhood is not employed, he will not go home just lounging equivocal stand listening to that, craving something ordained it, so the answer Zheng said that he too natural characteristics make way for him is to increase ".
"He learned the business end of the Theravada, Mahayana and to experience Nirvana, a sublime teachings, learn to forget to eat forget to sleep."
Doing business Nirvana is the highest Buddhist verse says: All living beings have the Buddha nature. The other Doing Business Economics says there is not. All living beings have Buddha nature, in Beijing Nirvana brought attention to the morals everyone has Buddha nature. It is a most sublime morality. Now we hear the familiar long day and so despise, but people hear, hear it very strange, very strange, because their reasoning: Buddha is Buddha, sentient beings are we. Buddha's noble, is super Vietnam, is also being vile, unclean, confused, do not star beings have Buddha nature. Verse only in new Buddhist religions other than how could I not. A sentence that is to say, the emphasis in Economics at University Nirvana bowl. So Beijing University Nirvana bowl has deep meaning is so high. Before going to the Western Regions, the many books he has learned it, because before him, he was born in 1602, first in China in 1607 he had his Ma-translate back to China Pyramid II program. From then onwards undergone 4, 5 centuries many monks in India and other countries to translate it so much and he also learned that the business translate, both Theravada, Mahayana in China.
"In the end it's life Depending early Tang, domestic chaos. Meanwhile a Marauder Drive, South Lake south into the cave beast, Luoyang street full substitution.
Must flee away, Huyen Trang Thanh Do talk to him through (Sichuan), No Additional asleep in 2, 3 years, the business continued to study all of the sects.
20 year old rebellion ended, he of Chang'an, the capital of the Song Dynasty. Chang'an was the first land in Chinese Buddhism. From 5 last century, the monks and nuns in India through stored there and translate business Theravada, Mahayana Chinese from Sanskrit through. Translation that can be divided into two periods:
- From East to West Han Xun (about 230 years) translation no system at all.
- From East to early Tang Tan (about 270 years) has found the service valuable products such as the Lotus Sutra, the Great product ..., but there are interesting literature, but it's not literal. Translators represent the Western Region was named a sheep-ma-la-decade.
In Chang'an, Xuanzang had tried to read the translation business, find the venerable school has a reputation for directing, but he noticed that they also worship Sakyamuni faith that their doctrines far too different, sometimes reflect one another. There are many religious denominations have advocated this much, making him panic, do not get where the communication is directed. "
Because the transmission of Buddhism through China and then he also studied in the research process and also have their own understanding. Therefore should also identify different, so set up a new sect, the Pure Land sects like cardboard, cardboard Law, French Minister of cardboard, Shingon, dormitories, Duy way ... every sect has reviews own solutions. The Buddha understands verse chorus like this should all be like this, others like that should understand that like other initiatives, so as to read, he saw this as the say so, others say another, it seems panic not know what the right path.
"Dissatisfied, he applied for permission to study directing at the north across the Trans-East (eastern capital of Sichuan Province), through Hubei, Henan, Shandong, Hebei. More I learn, the more he came up with many question, did not believe that was the right Sayadaws in the translation of Buddhist scriptures he found many contradictions dim place, or mistranslated. therefore want to understand religion is often the only way leading to the area where the Buddha, ie, India, to study Sanskrit and studied classics at the best place. Italy "Journey to the West" His arising from it. "
From this we know that he tried to learn how to find direction in India. Before through India, he has worked so hard to find the Sayadaws, elders of the remaining business. But sometimes the answer Venerable heterogeneous, sometimes even conflicting. In the service business is more obscure place, wrong translation should be determined to find his roots - the birthplace of Buddhism, to learn to take the top branches. He believes that it is the one sure way to learn from the original place that guarantees more. To learn from the example of his roots, think we should study such as his.
Today, while reading the Buddhist scriptures of the Zen Master, author prior knowledge translation in Vietnamese, it is you. But the more you have to go to the original text of the printing business was, to which we compare the translation is true or before work to the public. When reading Buddhist texts, the Buddhists also have strong awareness of doctrine, it is not quite right any wrong they can find out where you have learned to avoid the questions, or assume that the demand for school where have qualified firm Buddhism Buddhists surely will recognize right and wrong place in the Buddhist texts were printed earlier writings. The Buddhists calm reflection on the teachings of the Buddha, not quick to criticize. Of course, be careful while reading is best, do not think that writing books about Buddhism is true and to the best information.
It is prudent attitude, French major, new Xuanzang should be looking to learn from the spirit of the original is so in India. That's the way to answer the question, this long-standing questions that you are wondering what is right from wrong, and if true, how true to, so he decided to go for the legal press in the West is so .
"In natural photosynthesis year, the first year of the reign of King Street Thai Ton (62 AD)."
There are many theories say five former military buildings dating, photosynthesis II five year, five year interest Trinh, caterpillars in a two year.
"Xuanzang along with several Buddhist monk said to the king again rise over Indian student permission. Tales written to the West Street Thai Ton Zang wrong [*] scriptures go, back to sleep to do, to get them Tang, probably to flatter the court rules that the king, but the truth is different; Thai-ton not allowed, because the average new water treatment, has not been firmly kingship, whose diplomatic with people minorities in the West, in Central Asia has not been good. "
[*] See page Tripitaka which means that three Buddhist warehouse: scriptures, sliced Law, Luan organ; Dharma name Hsuan here only .
According to legend, tell as many people in the West series, Xuanzang went scriptures is by decree of King Tang Taizong. If you say so, wrong, not what went wrong, but not to go anymore is prohibited other. Since then new Road King won the house where the Sui Dynasty, so the average domestic enemy uncertain. The transaction with king prohibit all outside. Any type of foreign domestic real output. Xuanzang find king fled not go wrong.
"Wait forever is not allowed, the Buddhist monk told he is also discouraged to leave. Mr. Chang'an patient stay, learn all the Indian languages. Counting on him to pray for his Bodhisattva smart enough and energy practices in the program of his western tourists, which he said is very difficult, dangerous places to cross, wild, robbers. "
Unit found that 627 to 629 did not have.
"One night in 629, he dreamed that a holy mountain in the middle of the sea, he jumped into the water to wade through just then, a lotus appeared, supporting him, brought him to the foot of the mountain. Steep mountain, climb not be, he did not know why computer, a secret flame tornados lift him up to the mountains. standing on the mountain looking around saw sweeping, brilliant. Mr. prefer too, wake up. "
Since the very sincerely pray faithfully and very highly plausible, so the sensor is a dream he saw a holy mountain in the middle of the sea. Feels so loud he jumped down and not be aware of the error or not! While jumping Such a lotus flower to give support to the foot of the mountain, the mountain is too high not know how to climb. When there's a hurricane winds lifted peaks. When standing on the peer peaks looked around the vast expanse in nothing. He was very happy and invited to imagine that Beijing has its touch.
"Since then he as decided to believe that success and how well the determination faithful, devout people that helped him win this arduous post. At dinner later, the region around Chang'an distress crop hail, tidal strike down projection allows people in the capital are other places to do business, he followed migrants, towards the West, opening thousands of journeys.
That year (629), his 28-year-old (by the east), the 44 year old returned, away from home is always calculated in 16 years.
Age is the age of enthusiasm, trust, that he seriously be temperamental, moderate, so he is many people love and admire. "Water slightly bronzed skin, bright eyes. Solemn expression, his face glowing bright. Clear voice, clear, elegant language high, florid, melodic, who also love to hear ..." Looking at him , people immediately recognized that tolerance of Buddhism and Confucianism - compassion, generosity of Buddhism, ethical manners, Confucian wisdom. He has injured person, just determined, dignified as great stretch, but calm, brilliant as lotus flowers floating on the water. "
He is not only intelligent but very nice. Be very serious personality but gentle, humble. It is very rare. Often people are clever or arrogant, haughty difficult humility, gentleness. People are smart or controversy. But he does not have it, which is characteristic of a comprehensive human moral, intelligent, hardworking, serious approach, gentleness, patience ... are in Him.
"I will share his journey in 4 stages:
- From Chang'an to Ngoc Quan, all the territory of China.
- From the Jade Gate to Kapica The border region of India, through the small country in Central Asia.
- Phase in India.
- Stage on the way, as readers will see, due to an accident that moment on, he followed a different route to go at, the trial record is much more to comment on a then-secret domain.
From Chang'an him to Tan Chau (see map), Lanzhou, and Liang Zhou (now district commissioner, Gansu Province) - ie, Ha Tay, gateway to the district commissioner, Account Services, Dunhuang, Tuu Quanzhou).
Maybe readers are familiar with that name. United completion, the auditorium a poet, is the contemporary name given to all Luong Thi Thien Tu Chau thanks from wild jungle scenes in that domain receipts:
"... Huang Baiyun often times,
still get the First session of san ... "
still get the First session of san ... "
Roughly translated:
Yellow cloud hangs between green hills,
the high-school level Wall, a piece of the
the high-school level Wall, a piece of the
Right from the Tang, but more probably before, Luong Chau is the junction of the trails take the Western Union or traders from entering Mongolia from China. The traders that includes a lot of the same people, the language, different customs, Asian Food Market in order to exchange goods, information, and be sure to also participate due to the security guard very seriously. Admiral Lee was generous to the blockade, not to outsiders China and Chinese people reached out. Xuanzang waiting for the opportunity to linger, he preached on that occasion to traders, it was something he gave thanks and offered it to his temple before. "
He's sermon at the gathering for the traders, when it is offered, to worship Him for all temples.
"In a month's time after delays guards, he escaped, Dai Li guards chased the wrong amount; thanks Uy Shamans Wisdom Wisdom sent two disciples followed coup Forestry and Protection. Xuanzang escaped being . they go night, days away, fumbled to Over Chau (now Xi'an District, Gansu Province).
First European history through the reader has Khai Buddhist, but said the court's order, but ignored him, back to his directions again. From Through Asia, moving north at ten miles to Ngoc Quan (at toll roads, the equivalent Quan Ngoc Yen West today), a border gate located on the banks of the river and Lake Lot (this is Number Lac River), fast-flowing water, windy day and night because the riverbed is very strange: On the narrow, wide bottom.
Landscape here is really creepy hair travelers. A century later, the Song Dynasty was recovered in western nations, so that the Ming dynasty poet Huang, just re-think coastal wilderness, rugged also emerged plaintive voices, but injuries to the Government must go where it interesting, and for their young wives at home husband gazed look:
NGUYET WITH PAINT - Li Bai
San periods of Thien Minh City,
Commercial Space Marine brought forth,
Head of thousands of centuries,
has championed the Ngoc Quan,
Han opens Bach Dang Dao,
Qinghai Lake buttons proclaiming,
Do hybrid main battlefield,
Real property is completely private.
receivable Hope sharp edge,
multi-format title from you,
or try high long labor,
ie, the Radicals of Certification.
Commercial Space Marine brought forth,
Head of thousands of centuries,
has championed the Ngoc Quan,
Han opens Bach Dang Dao,
Qinghai Lake buttons proclaiming,
Do hybrid main battlefield,
Real property is completely private.
receivable Hope sharp edge,
multi-format title from you,
or try high long labor,
ie, the Radicals of Certification.
Stroll translated:
White areas of the mountains Thien San [1]
immense water tank is inspired thousands
of miles long running Painful Wind,
Blow put out Jade moonlit Mon [2]
Bach - Posted Han troops stationed close,
peered into two other areas are the eyes Lake.
Throughout history governments Baoji,
the land Forums War, ru guys on?
sad scene the sun,
visitors to remember the spirit of hometown,
high floor, empty night, one that,
to now was certainly lament not subsided.
immense water tank is inspired thousands
of miles long running Painful Wind,
Blow put out Jade moonlit Mon [2]
Bach - Posted Han troops stationed close,
peered into two other areas are the eyes Lake.
Throughout history governments Baoji,
the land Forums War, ru guys on?
sad scene the sun,
visitors to remember the spirit of hometown,
high floor, empty night, one that,
to now was certainly lament not subsided.
[1] Also known as Snow San, in Xinjiang, where there is still snow in May that the government has absolutely no flowers: Five Tianshan snow moon, flowers only very limited. (Ha song - Li Bai)
[2] That Ngoc Quan
"Over the Lot River Lake, Ngoc Quan out then, the court should avoid 5-room fire station signals by enemy fire when coming up to the next crop tops stations saw fires up well, so communication time information for Ngoc Quan time. "
Besides China also placed 5-room fire station. Then they informed by burning up, stations 2, 3, 4 fire up instant message to Ngoc Quan. Go where the gate will prevent.
"Each station is about hundred miles apart (about 600 feet per mile west) and have guards, station between a wilderness setting, anyone want to try to find food and water to the fire station to foot style, which will be detention, interrogation. "
Edge so that the new station only to have the water leg only. Go weathered long it was stopped.
"Seeing the hard way, Xuanzang worry. Horses, he was sick, and died. Couple Norway wisdom that shaman for fear he is by a court order, warrant, require large, while a sick person too , unbearable hardships on the way, he also said the note, so he left alone. Mr. buying another horse, then prepared to hit the road in a domain, named Thach do you have please follow followers ".
Thach-table-momentum is a Ho (the Central Asia) for refuge to his ordination. He knows the road to ask directions.
"That night two teachers depart, met an old man. Hear Xuanzang purposes including scriptures, admiring the old man, but advises:" You should go back to go, where not to place because the roads are dangerous for Westerners really, if you see the clouds moving sand or fire but the wind can not escape. For many traders union and died on the way. "
He does not listen, go ahead, cut sycamore Lake bridge across the river Lot. Over the other side of the river, so tired he slept for a while and saw the Tigers take road name located about hundred steps away from him, draws his sword, crept back the way he walked, then stopped fifty degrees, to appear hesitated a moment and then go back. "
Old Man Lake, the night that he took away a different subfamilies introduced to him. Xuanzang went back to him. When a large place too tired to take a nap, then got up to see the sword Tigers crept to the side once he hesitated and retreated.
"It's almost morning, woke up, he did not mention anything about the night, quietly told him to go get water. He reluctantly obeyed, but a moment later said:" This road is long and dangerous. In style foot fire station last Thursday there is water, water, the right to earn up to night, they were shot dead. He only returned to his game. "He did not listen go ahead. Suddenly he drew his sword, catching him before. Mr. refuses, he found courage, extraordinary calm, he did not dare to lower defense, leaving him disappeared ".
New 1 initially seen as so dangerous that. Why is he making such data? He advised that he was not the reaction back then? To go it alone reveal, if caught, he then declared a disaster will spread, so he's trying to do is suggest he returned, the second to kill him. Both are not so fled.
"He was the loner in the desert. Near the fire station to the first style, he hid inside a dry canal, opened up a new wait until dark, for drinking water. Mr. draw water at the right time, two arrows flew his ear, he shouted: "I am a monk in Chang'an, do not shoot anymore", then he loaded his troops. station commander Lt-up is the Great Wall, a Buddhist ".
It has proved that when it is spread Buddhism in China so his performance here is also Captain Buddhists. Great Wall advised him not to go again, he did not listen, said: "You see that increasing the Buddhist heartbreaking omission that each person understands not know where the entrance is a foot communications director, India should have learned through direct prayer. If Captain efficiency increases, preventing you from going to kill you donate, but you certainly do not have to be increased where the heel. "
Seeing that firmness, Great Wall had come to him, after he gave little real character and write letters of recommendation to the commander of the second station. Thursday stations they own United suggest you avoid, because commanders are not Buddhist, but violent temper.
He listened, through Wednesday from radio and westbound, entered the desert hectares (ie Through-Bich desert, Gobi) and from here he left the land of their ancestors, not cognizable back again.
Looking back at the last one-room fire station Wednesday, his sadness, and then let go as the horse walked.
Road through the desert 800 miles long, 500 miles away young, known as Sa Ha (river sand). The ancients have left the desert that says: "No species of birds, no animals, no water nor grass. Want to find the direction to get the ball out of her and chanting Buddha".
Xuanzang must have to conform to that question. The as-Columbian explorers, Magellan ocean, but encountered stormy scenes, or hunger, but also have elected you, sailor. As soon as Alain Gerbault, but floating alone on a sailboat around the world go round, but was not so lonely world for believing track his journey to the port where there are always people waiting to acclaim. And thui thui Xuanzang in the desert, only days scorching sun of the sun, night only the dim light of the stars, disgusting scene alone that ventured his faith not share needles Who is up ".
The Gobi Desert is a vast, about 800 miles. In previous trips. Mongolia has a chance to place me there. They do a number of tourists go there in a couple of days to see the desert and enjoy the fresh air here. I went there for two nights. That day they took us to visit a camel farm. Sitting in his car driving away quickly find the best way to get to where the camel farm, but he also lost. When he finds his way back to the starting place is lost for hours. Between the Gobi Desert overlooking the slums grass, rocks and horizon only.
Too vast, alone in the desert, so horrible! Nguyen Hien Le, or is there something Xuanzang compared with other adventurers. The other adventurers go on despite the vast sea alone but that both sides have their adoration, they watched, the water supply for them when they arrive. Xuanzang but no one put away, no one to pick, going to go up, lucky along the way if they help to meet friends for a road only. In the immediate future does not know who he is welcome because Xuanzang who knows where? When such comparisons, Nguyen Hien Le has shown the wonders of Xuanzang than previous explorers in the world.
"You look for spring without seeing, just see the troop velvet dress code of felt and fur, camel rides, shining spears and hide out, then back to, changes on the horizon singularity. Mr. end horse close to where the things are gone. Turns out it was just an illusion in the desert. "
Really terrible illusion, that a troop immediate, if not determined, then go back and then he was. If determined to go to the illusion is complete.
"Thirsty country elected him get out, but he was eager to hand the heavy sky, the sand falls out all the water. Depressed he turned back toward China."
Khat so, so tired, but a little water, until the water jar is holding water loss also drops fall out. In speaking, in only one election hopes droplet of water from his mouth drops off into the wind it flew away hooked. It was the most depressed when he wanted to return to China.
"Only then is he suspected., But after 10 kilometers he thought:" In the beginning we did not swear to the West line of sight when not return home. I would rather go to the West that die than return to the East to live. "Then he ended the horse, which goes towards the northwest.
Dusty sand, touching the skin where they want to run for it. He was thirsty, swollen tongue, lips cracked, blurred vision, dry strength not progress anymore. Forums for five days and four nights and not have a drop of water to his lips. He fell unconscious on the sand, but not so lethargic, even enthusiastically chanting, until midnight Thursday, a cool breeze blowing through the body refreshed as new bathing. He patted the horse, it stood up, hi hi few hours and then go small. About six miles then it redirects natural, how can not catch it in the same direction again. He was surprised but thought it should be left to follow their instincts, though, because there is nothing strange here. Indeed, the distances traveled, the more he overjoyed: a green grass out in front. Well known horses from grass to sniff away. Inside is a marsh grass in bright as a mirror. Resting his tired all cut grass for horses and water trough and elected to continue the journey.
Two days later he moved to the country I Wu (now in southern Xinjiang eyes). He has overcome the most difficult distances, calculated in 8, 9 days through the desert.
I Maize is an oasis, ancient Chinese army plays, but then a colony of Earth. Xuanzang stop step in a temple and met three Chinese Buddhist monk. They celebrate celebration bags ran out to welcome him, hug him and cry, no doubt tha he find the bodies.
King of High Bone (now a pediatrician in parts II Apartments rude Traditional western Xinjiang province) in western corn I heard that he was coming back for the wrong mission. He accepted the invitation, the king or night to place high to citation Thai is wrong then torched the body to act out procession to the palace, and courtiers Faye also kowtows. Thai song writing is still devout but personality is aggressive character of a people less intelligent. He went Xuanzang very solemn, revered as revered teacher role, but certain Xuanzang begged to stay in the country as officials cardinals, then begged not to be threatened. Xuanzang eager to use words that are not denied, have determined:
- You rose to fame here not because that just because I want to study through classic Western Architecture in place to understand Buddhism and the country went through for everyone. Your Majesty should not prevent you from growing. Which is not to be prevented. Majesty can only hold a handful of bones in the back of here, and will also boost your spirit will not be kept.
Van Thai song did not hear, the more cushiony than before, standing almost personally served rice. Xuanzang policy resorting to hunger strikes, sit straight without moving, in three days, not a drop to drink. Through Wednesday, Thai citation see his breath and thinking, affordable feared, he knelt down to apologize, swear before the statue is no longer dared to stop him, but asked him to stay another month high to preached to the people to God. He accepted the invitation back to eating.
Van Thai wrong song up a vast tent cover is 300 people. Each day, the royal family, the Buddhist monk and the officials of the court to hear Xuanzang tent teaching experience.
When Xuanzang on the road, Qu gave him all the same pajamas welding supplies, gold, silver, Leopard build, along with 30 horses and 25 person entourage, took him 24 letters introduced to the monarch in Central Asia Chau, the wrong one general put his street anymore.
To meet high to please the king, he offered up a picture revealed:
(...) That the Great Hidden Plug in the delicate air of comfort pure air of heaven and earth; king hanging clothes, feed the people clapping, east of magnification for the country, west continually pressing velvet pat yen (... ) Back and officer microscopy love, tastes good save from, who mercy distant travel, hospitality graciously to arrive, has been on the most, more solid financial climate plied conversation, found that positive law. He was struck by the work that you, upon reading a love heart. And it was the postman for more than twenty sessions Western Region, with very thoughtful, practical extort false security. I re-injured Western tourist socks, cold snow, the word came down to proving identity, the four Sami to serve the people. What is the legal humiliation cotton caps, wool buffer shoe contempt, second and scooted over fifty gold silk silver money, to make the charge current sung completely in twenty years. Shyly nestled in fear, not knowing how management. Giao Ha initiation of the water at least not for the other grace, balance bonsai Tsung, so define it even worse.
"After this we would like cult master list, click yes the law, brought an interpreter spread unheard. Destory the dense forests of the wrong guys, cool completely misrepresents the superstition of the relationship ( ...) May the little ones of her, Lane replied the other deep thanks. Nay prospect was remote, can not be saved in the long, farewell tomorrow, distress, sadness, indescribable grateful, can give revelation weight against the glass. " (East Asia Services - Southern Comfort 142, September, 1929).
On departure, the court, the clergy and promote nature led him to the door of the West. Xuanzang left heart of the king, had promised on his way to high to stay three years, and then sadly on horseback. But this did not keep the promise because at that time, the tribe Khuc Van Thai perish (by Tang Taizong).
From here his reputation is known journey was much easier than before, and where to put the solemn welcome. Van Thai song had great success during his scriptures.
Through a rugged mountainous region is famous silver mines, Xuanzang to A Ki Ni (Yen Chi is Xinjiang province), a resting place of refuge caravanserai one night and I could hardly Xa (ie Details mendicant country, Xinjiang) and to Ca Lu Bo (ie Additional Wen, Xinjiang). The region is very rich. Since then filled Tianshan snow could not immediately be continuing journey, he has to stay there for two months and have the opportunity to comment, the customs records of the Archives civilized far, so save your document for Archaeologists later; Kingdom which is about a thousand miles from West and East over six hundred miles from the South to the North. The circumference of capital is 17, 18 miles. Land planted red millet, barley, grapes, pomegranates, pears, plums, peaches. There are mines of gold, copper, iron, lead, necessarily. The climate is warm, the people pure salary. Office of Indian self-adaptation. Negative music far more than its neighbors. It is by far the Archives transmitted Chinese Buddhism. Because the fire is on the road from Rome through the Middle States, so far sales have been very prevalent Archives, additives busy Leopard build brilliant things.
There, he met a monk, educated erudition, is Jupiter Remove cubes, over the Indian classic study on two decades. Through that encounter, he knew a lot more about Buddhism and India, but sometimes discussion of dharma slightly bitter tone because Jupiter Remove cubes according to Theravada Monk as most of Central Asia while he is in favor of the Mahayana. After all, Jupiter Remove cubes to get that right now there are very few Indian scholars as well as he.
When the snow began to fall, he resumed the journey, I was in the Black Country and climbing 7,200 feet high cooling in the Tian Shan range. He describes very well the mountain: "It's very dangerous, flame touched the sky. Declare disaster recovery site from, snow, ice closed around the piles of uncleared year. Tapes and hard cover layers brilliant, consecutive horizon, and the clouds. Look at blinding. (...) real Climbing difficult and dangerous. Again more can always storms and snow, to try shoes have two layers under the skin, though mutton dressed still shiver like crazy. Want to eat or sleep, there is no dry place to rest. hanging pot only way is up somewhere that cooking and mats to lie. "
So later as Scout pot hanging on a tree that mimics the cooking is from here, because there's no place dried out, just hanging plant pot place, which is how many people go camping imitate. That evolved from Xuanzang.
"Climbing, the union of Xuanzang than a dozen people died of hunger cold (not counting a large number of cows and horses), leaving only a sprinkling of minorities.
Down to the foot of the mountain, and then he followed a river to Thermal Lake (also known as West Lake engraving). "The lake perimeter is approximately 1,000 miles long from east through west, south and north of the narrow width. Tanks are mountain river flowing into countless. Phon bluish black water, salty and tart." Lake never freezes, relatively warm climate, so the next king of that domain to weld treatment. Fill in the main lake near Diep Thanh (now the province's Easter Long Cat Turkish Republic of Genghis Russia. Past decontamination of Decision), which met Tsang Ho Diep Khac Decision Suddenly Korean origin.
Different in a tent embroidered with bright yellow eyes glare, but that seems barbaric majesty respectable. Which is different from people of Thailand should Khuc Van Huyen Trang solemn salute, hear he finished teaching experience, he admired very much, want to keep, "O master, master should not over Western Architecture. Parish it's hot, winter as well as summer. teacher I fear that which is new face will melt like wax before. Civil them, with black, most naked, not knowing what the ritual, not worth visiting teacher ".
The reason for this he said Indian people naked, not fully naked people every where, so far he only knows one part only. By that time in India USA-na-religion religious sect in which speakers can (they were naked). India has some time there. Sometimes they also go into the street but that number is very small. Maybe he should say that this is the right technology India naked people, but not everyone actually naked, just have a few follow nakedness only.
"He does not listen, let him go differently. Mr. progress of the West, to blow away the water, over a wide desert about two and a half hundred kilometers, red sand, and water to the Mac Event Room, a place of Accumulated very old, because Xuanzang 9 last century, the Great Son A Calendar to countless Indian thus.
There, a fork in the road for the fire should have loads of valuable goods. Sandy soil fertile again, planting trees whatever. Different ethnic regions he passed. This is the start of the Persian sphere of influence, not influenced by Chinese civilization. Although there are several temple ruins but because the king and the people are not Buddhists worship the fire god.
The king followed Xuanzang disdainfully, but after hearing he expressed an emotional sermon, he sheltered. Once people holding torches chased him, catching their king or something, I put foot treatment, hand cut, he would like to reduce crime, and then people just glass feared, please follow Buddhism very crowded. The following year, the king sent messengers across China showed a spirit of Tang Taizong. Then Taizong knew his work for the court.
From the Mac Event Room, Xuanzang the south, about three or four hundred miles to Set Mon Son, an extremely dangerous place, very conducive to hunting. "It is an alley way in the territory of Afghanistan, twisting beneath two towering mountains, steep walls up as two black, iron, iron ore because more mountains. Countless waterfalls located horizontal lines. At the top of the road there is a door with iron arms, iron bell hanging on the door. that when the wind blows in, the bell rang up like thunder, mixed with loud waterfall sound, but the overcast sky, then it is hell. military only ten names is enough to keep someone in heaven prevent thousands code. Turks weaknesses understand that all traffic control and trade between India and Central Asia ".
Beyond The Gate Design, Diep Ho convoy returning different farewell. He alone toward the southeast, through many small countries then one day accidentally met a young monk named La Martian Turkish origin Tue volunteer nature disciples, took him to India. Within the past two western Great Snow Mountain, over two thousand miles further away they are the orders of the venerable La Hoa Tho king to return from that particular Great House. "
So he went alone. At that time Buddhism was spreading so I always have all Buddhists. The Central Asian origin largely Buddhist.
"Areas such as South Bactriane in ancient antiquity belongs to Persia, after the Great Son is A Calendar accounting, affected Greece in a while, and then under the influence of Buddhism, there are Buddhist temples contain 3,000 increasing map.
Great Snow Mountain roundabout take the most difficult. As thick clouds, snow chaos throughout the day, never see the sun. Road cliff nowhere flat which is three feet wide. Sometimes the scrotum to lie down on the stone theater that move little by little, sometimes right through the clouds connected by bridge swinging in the air, just a little unintentionally falling into the abyss of rushing waterfalls.
From the Wisdom Emptiness back heel, Xuanzang loner in the jungle wilderness, climbing 3,000 meters high mountain pass Shibar to Kapica (Kabul valley), a rich fertile domain; 60 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide . It belongs to India, so he met in many Indian monk Kapica, according asceticism: naked, sat praying in the woods, suffering from hunger and cold.
He thinks there all summer, then Lampaka, but from climate to people, animals and other customs are the domain before. People are fun, like singing, dancing, although small but agile, busy brightly colored cloth. It is true that the Indian nation. Heat climate, luxuriant vegetation, and many monkeys. He crossed the river Indus to Taxila, where according to legend visited the Buddha in a previous life had seen a tiger hunger, not for the bait, to feed seven cubs, came the compassion, crashing down from on high near the mouth of the cave to feed tiger tiger apoptotic bodies, so that the soil around the trees red as the blood that is red in color. "
In Buddhist legend that's a precursor to the Buddha, once dedication goes to feed the tiger. 7 I saw the tigers lying, tiger mother did not know what to get my children that lay shivering, so he was moved to compassion swarm it jumps down to giving body for it, so should fable so in trees that grew in the red.
"Taxila belong Kacmir, a very pure water direction, there are hundreds of temples and 5,000 monks. Place is the land of Mahayana legal reasons. Tsang king heard that also follow mission, so respected, the executive body border and elephants from time to sit parallel to the amenorrhea. meet a shaman For seven decades old, Deserving He Sorcerer [*] familiarized Tripitaka, to find a lot of classics (plus the young a million and a half), Xuanzang stayed Kacmir 2 years (631-633) to study directing. glass master role, and the role he is very dear, very close congeniality. When understood scriptures, Xuanzang New from King and special education teachers to visit the land of the Buddha. Calculated out, he was four years away from home, experienced many hardships, but were close to the target.
[*] That Increase Worthy, Xuanzang studied with Mr. Worthy Increase arguments Xa, upon the chief justice, proving Nhon, Thanh intelligent etc. ..
Leave Kacmir to Cakala, then go get a few days then one day, through a dense forest with his entourage robbed stripped luggage, hid in a cave. Thanks to a group of farmers or information leading to a temple to save his Brahmin She there. He believes all religious temples Balaam, but also subjects like Buddhist studies. Xuanzang would stay a month to learn more Ba-la-directing post, and then go to Jalandhars.
From the study of his extremely interesting, to see where he is also the relics of Buddhism, which spoiled read texts that discuss the shaman, and visiting professor of the practice wisdom.
India is a country famous mystery, in part because of the terrain, partly because of religion. On the terrain, the land that is almost completely separated from the origin around, three east, west and south by the sea, north of the Himalayas have high sequence with rainfall, very inconvenient for the traffic, the religious teaching beginners the two main protagonists, she directed his Brahmin and Buddhism, and Islam is a religion too, passed from Persia; own two Ba-la-directed courses and there are many Buddhist sects that far different theory. Land vast as a small continent, divided into hundreds of countries, there is only a small percentage of other countries. Gold, silver jewels lot, where temples also. The population is divided into many superstitions that class, they dream of aristocratic palaces hunt all the ideas sound excellent, they cultivate his Brahmin She did not do anything, just practice and is very important, business class by wealthy people but also be respected, despised class farmers almost slave class; finally untouchables class is the class other than contempt despise disgusting disgusting leper, that no one dared to close their and their shadows on the object, the object reference that is considered dirty, nestled right away who is not on anymore imploded.
In summary, from the civilized customs, different from China. Xuanzang lived there 10 years young, had the opportunity to go all over the place, see how many things are strange, and innate sense of subtle comments, both in the volume's record signing, a bunch of very valuable material not only help the Chinese people but to help both scholars today understand India again. Main René Grosset, author of "Sur les traces de Bouddha" must also admire his remarks, as he at least every genuine antiquity. "
Kacmir of attackers, a very pure water director, before a country is the pedal, thus where Buddhism comes to China passed through. When the transmission of Buddhism to the West Indies north, Kacmir is a very popular Buddhism.
"From Jalandhara, he advanced to the southeast, to Mathura, then east across the river upstream GANGE (Hang Ha). Mr. Rivers described it as a scientist:" Almost sources, river three miles wide, which close to the sea 10 miles wide. Water is normal in color instead of green, but the water is often immense. Lots of bizarre creatures living in rivers, many do not harm people. The freshwater and pleasant, extremely fine sand. The River native is considered a god, who bath wash all the sins of the river, if only to drink water or rinse mouth alone dissipate the suffering, if they drowned in the river up into the sky. Always on shore has gathered countless men and women. "He is so superstitious."
In India there are 4 ways cremation, immediate burial 4 entrance. Eocene: Death and bring down the Ganges left, they believe that the soul will go to Heaven, Earth Counselor: burial as Vietnam. Dissolve: That offer remains scattered over the country get burned, mountain, farm, land or retain memories in jars. And not agree: Being brought away on the hill wilderness bird and animal feed. That's how canopy 4. However, in India there are now removing the water of the Ganges is the most common way.
"Go Kanauj, he did not meet the king Harsha (best), a very grave Buddha, usually meeting each year all Indian shaman in the capital to argue Path to invite any virtue highest , deepest learned to sit on his throne that sermon.
When sitting down the river boat with two dozen more GANGE to the Prayaga, he met a terrible accident. Boat across a river flanked by forested. A swim a dozen robbers stopped the boat and pulled the passengers to shore. They worship Goddess Durga and every year to earn a handsome man, beefy, killed for sacrifice. Xuanzang see them happy too because his skin was pale but fresh faces elegant, intelligent, goal together will kill him. They took him to the temple grounds, drew his sword down on defense, that he remained calm, they are surprised. He would like chanting before they die, they consent. The companion wept bitterly, while he is more chanting, more refreshed face, not knowing what joy around all. Suddenly a storm emerged, boat and sank down stuffed stuffing up, broken trees cracking. Robbers panicked, thought he had magic, he knelt down to ask for the forgiveness of sins. He opened his eyes, they were asked not to die. "
So know that when you enter the static center in Beijing as saying then: If the mind has become a source of the world's top 10 are melted away. He himself in this moment, 10 the world is shattered for him no. Macabre scene around them until they enter the new he did not know whether to ask: has arrived now dead?
"When he changed his mind or they do not disclose their pleasure. Just then the wind relentlessly.
After Prayaga, he visited Kaucambi, and Nepal to the north to visit the Holy Land of Buddhism.
Before then he had celebrated places:
1. Country Gavastis (Sravasti) where Sakyamuni old shelter and most preachers long.
2. Country Kapilavastu (Ca-Pi-la-defense) where he was born (now the province Gorakhpur).
3. Country Kusinagara (verse-contest-ghost-masterpiece-la) near Nepal, where he was president.
4. Benares (Ba-la where he lodged-enlightenment).
5. Country Vaisali (Ve-residence-town) is Besarh province, where he preferred base in the rainy season.
6. God that is gaining momentum and the original Bodhi.
In this pilgrimage, his heart flutter, recalled almost always hear the melodious music. Life sacrifice Sakyamuni's up, this recovery continued in another brilliant enough detail. "
When visiting the scene of the birth of Buddha relics He imagined he saw the Buddha. Buddha once saw a stage.
"This is where one of his aunts, and his foster mother again, ask him to take refuge in women, after building up a Buddhist temple for the first nun".
That ruins of her Ma-ha-ba Ba-soap-topic, please take portable form of Buddhist monastic. She was pleased to renounce the first Buddhist to make an ordained woman, but not in India before any other religion, and she was the first ordained in His teachings. The original monastic ask her not to accept Buddhism. As Buddha fear into every woman will increase the initial chaos should not accept him. But thanks to the Venerable Ananda Buddha repeatedly ask him to accept the new. When he accepted the eight conditions in French law called the Glass Bowl. A female monastic ordination and France to keep glasses anymore, ie 8 glasses of measures to increase supply. It is the woman ordained in His teachings so.
"This is where his native land. Misery Oh landscape. Ancient palace where the grass has only a positive sicken under him! Capital's father was devastated beyond recognition to the point the perimeter again. Fortunately relics left behind little more. Aboriginal longer just a place where Prince Fighting and winning the competition, where the first scene he saw old age, sickness and death, but his path parental leave under the night his wife and children, wealth or honor, shake off the dust in search of direction. Recalling that, Xuanzang tear that saw his sacrifice far less sacrifice of faith Buddha. catheter to visit a field, where he lost that rough farmer harrowing, weeding and kill the worms and worm eggs, seemingly hurt their loved ones were so bad. Oh mercy of His vast as the universe! And the temple at the other edge of the forest, where he rode away to beautiful clothes, get a haircut sword, gave Channa, said he returned home? Business stories still crying copy and Channa His horse also touching, licking his feet before the bye.
This is the place where the Lord President. For more than 11 centuries already. The house of a blacksmith who had invited him to use last meal there. Which other place is his resting place, where one man take fire to burn him.
In his visit to Deer Park of Benares, where his first sermon to five disciples first. Xuanzang was heard echoing his word:
"O monks. Has two extremes that must be avoided.'s Life a joy, it's vile, glitzy, one is the ascetic life, it's tragic, ugly and useless ... O Monks, here is the truth of suffering: birth, aging, sickness and death, would be away something you love, there is pain. And this is the origin of suffering: Long Duc (...) And here is allowed to destroy the truth of suffering: it is the indulgence kill kill pain ".
He stopped long at the base of the Bodhi. This is the Holy Land of Buddhism, where faith and religious Auditorium admissions director. Currently the original Bodhi no longer old, but when he arrived, it was lush "Trunk white gold, green and glossy leaves, summer and winter are lush., But coming Nibbana holidays fall Then all at once the following day grow lush little. kings that date back to the tree watered milk, lighted candles, cotton represents, then picked up the little leaves. " Later they built a brick wall around the temple and put a ring near the northern port city.
Tree beside a statue of Buddha. It was rumored that the oracles have been land filled object that is lost Buddhism in India. Xuanzang found buried object to the chest, just guess of 200 years after it was buried whole. Oddly enough, the 9th century, Buddhism extreme distress in India, except for a few regions such as Magadha and Bengale, even those who do not follow anymore.
He knelt at the base of the tree, lament, pray and visit the ancient lakes of the Sakyamuni or bathing, washing, before the Nalanda Temple (water Magadha) save school.
India has thousands of temples that Nalanda largest, most beautiful, is also the oldest university. Almost as a separate market. "
The oldest universities in India, ahead of Western universities. Xuanzang in the 7th century, the end of the 6th century, when the world did not have all these University. Nalanda University is a top, containing the 3000 Rising. Those who want to learn to pass a new question nodes are illiterate, said that Buddhism was popular at that time. Temple built 700 years that Xuanzang late 6th century, such as building up before the end of the 1st century BC.
"Around a brick wall, there are dozens in temples, houses and numerous conference rooms, room chanting. Standing in the hallway overlooking: The roof as" fly on fumes "," style so say around "but" brilliant blue lotus on the water in ". tone when he describes the scene as a slick voice Chang'an poet.
Temple has a very old library and complete: Mahayana, Theravada, Vedic (over 150 feet), and medical books, astronomy, geography, mathematics, engineering ... always always ten thousands of monks to the Mahayana doctrine. Discipline is strict, since the temple built by then, over 700 years, not only civilians but also respected the king's spirit in the temple monks, to provide for so many: every day 200 family brought rice , milk, butter, fruits together.
About monk is chaired professor Constitution (Cilabhadra), a scholar at that time, he was 106 years old but still lucid mind. Or to believe Xuanzang, false shaman 200 clergy and thousands of devotees holding banners flags, though, to bring floral welcome. Go to Temple, Xuanzang greeted shaman, follow procedures in the domain, and knees, banging his head on the floor, worship, discipleship adopter. About constitutional practice of touching sa: "A few months ago, I was seriously ill, just wanted to be freed quickly. One night I dreamed that three orders have lived to a venerable Chinese queue to which transmitted directed to. Now I come here with a dream that much. "
His Hien About 106 French and all life. Four great body and torturing his rescue but want to dream that night's three gods told to wait 1 monks and missionaries to China and then freed them, then the next Xuanzang.
"For too old, long About Hien shaman no longer teaching experience, the last time that Jiang for critical commentary Xuanzang is the Yogacara Comments".
Already a Comment Duy Du-learning method, 100 books.
"Dates, clergy and faithful gathered around the eastern region as the festival. Huyen Trang towards learner, thousands of monks in the temple map, lucky to get 10 people under his stand.
He was in the temple 15 months (634 AD) learned of Yogacara philosophical reasoning and learning more and Ba-la-subjects Sanskrit, composed a Sanskrit grammar book that is right reductive.
About Mr. Hien permission shaman traveled to India to learn more of other denominations, especially in a situation where Buddhism.
He visited the land Bengale, down Tamralipti harbor, close to the boat across the bay to the island Bengale Ceylon (center of Theravada sect) but someone advised him not to go by sea, waves as he went by road, yeast Southwest carried to sea, to the island of Ceylon and then horizontal boats will pick up, so just take three days at sea.
On the way, he visits Odradeca origin, Kalinge, Andhra, Pallava (he arrived here in 640).
According to René Grousset, Xuanzang not pass the island in the island of Sri Lanka for confrontation famine and rebellion, but according to Tran Huyen Trang Tran Ha in all scriptures and history tour (Polytechnic of 57, 68 and 60), the Legend Version crossing over Sri Lanka, is not clear what the correct theory.
Go to southernmost India, he followed the western coast, which nearly borders India - Persia, through the land of Maharashtra, Nasik, Bharukacha. Comment what he also notes carefully. That those remarks are very true, not just Mahratte character in Maharashtra State (Calukya), he went back through the stars, so now too; simple, straight, but pride and temper, mean weight contempt for death and sacrifice that venture gift reports for vengeance, and very properly, warned enemies know before hand.
Their generals who were detained as they would rather die not bear the insult to their winners began selling clothes to women. Just the same it is the most martial in India.
His notes on the irrigation and the Persian silk is also very true, although over the land that he only heard people recount.
By extreme western India after examining customs and religious texts in the temple throughout (a place he stays in the direction 1, 2 years), he crossed through central India to the east, to the land of Magadha Nalanda temple and back. This time he review all of these things have been learned, and thought to find the truth.
About Hien wrong shamans still alive he chaired a lecture about photography Mahayana comment. Mr. Tran Ha, in all leads, says that:
"Now the Master-e-Optical, property lists are also disciples of existing gender shaman, not for the chairmanship of the ... Tsang, but Tsang wrote 3,000 verses when reciting" The synthesis ", both temples Increases for both of them, and compliment existing gender shaman sobbed. caustics seen his fledgling school, temple shame go away, come back later than year.
"Well then, have a professional Balaam reasoned written 40 articles pasted in front of the temple brought Na-lan-momentum, challenged that: - If one of the doctors is that I will cut off the first apology.
A few days later, still no one dared to measure physician. Hien Tsang About shaman went visiting to witness to him argue with his Brahmin who she was. Ultimately, the Ba-la-rays of subjects and are required to follow the promise. Tsang replied: - Venerable is not killing.
The story does not make it right but there is unbelievable. One person has experienced, knowledgeable and temperamental to moderate all courteous as he is not aggressive, but in a land of messy sects, such as India, to have noticed very often these debates between sects , then how he must also take opinions, sometimes to reconcile, sometimes to the wrong place bar. I know he, like most venerable wisdom of Chinese Mahayana inclined, he reconciled standing out in the sub-elements by Mahayana sect in India, said that the damage was caused by the economic front caption Typical of his own will, but the damage was not great, but an allergic universal elementary, so we should give universal primary defects which give off conflicting.
For Theravada, he more strict. His strongest criticism is directed Ba-la-keeper, and the ascetic sect advocated, according to the procedure grotesque, barbaric. Have you rubbed the ashes until pale skin so new for enlightenment. There is no worry guys clothes, hair feathers are spit out, as the chrysalis ceiling. Confucian spirit, mind conscience had he not withstand that stupid action. He was annoyed that the "religious" worn on a neck chain of the skull, or you stick enough clothes dirty things, eat the rotten meat to the "liberated soul".
King of a neighboring country, the country Kamarupa (king sheep-ma-la-ma Ca-long water-grandmother, this is now the province of Assam) finance his fans, he invited to the capital of teaching experience. But at the same time king Harsha (best king), a most powerful monarchy in India at that time, ruled most of northern India, the talented devout Buddhist literature, he also wants to relay its capital Kanauj (Female Khuc a). King Harsha King Kamrupa into submission, leaving his program, and the two thousand elephants, three thousand boats, led the soldiers to escort Karughira Xuanzang, Harsha king or camping spot. Xuanzang to at night. Impatient king Harsha not bear to wait until the next morning, then torched the wrong colonels pick. Xuanzang met the king knelt down, kissed his feet, he wore the full flower. At dinner after the king and his procession to the capital is king Kamarupa Kanauj (643 years). Army of two countries that meet once again, a solemn procession ever seen. Bells, drums, rumors, illustrious wine flute on the river. Emirate vassal states to also welcome. Up to 18 monarchs central India, three thousand monks Mahayana and Theravada, two thousand Ba-la-keeper and a thousand monks at Nalanda temple at Kanauj gathered to hear him preach.
Then staged, golden Buddha procession has left. Where Buddha, the king Harsha to sprinkle gold and jewels there. Then prepare dinner for everyone; treasures donated to the monks.
Xuanzang master thesis chair, faculty of speech is of heavy Mahayana and many other principles. King Harsha for his lectures copy, paste in the door to bring people to assume, under the bar all add that whoever is a wrong place to reward, the king will give that person was decapitated her. Tsang did not want to do that! When politicians interject religion to obscure the truth! 18 days and still no one dared to argue with him at all. King Harsha both happy, claiming the Mahayana sect have won and gave Xuanzang a thousand gold coins, silver coins three thousand, one hundred and clothes in good fabrics, elephant, help him to sit on armchairs, stroll around the capital. Theravada monks and Ba-la-keeper much resentment, but dare not violent. King Harsha bringing his whole possessions in storage report distributed to the public, just keep a rough linen. But 18 of his vassal king hastily gathering of wealth in order to buy back the folk treasures that King Harsha was distributed and presented to the king. So back to the city where African king Harsha language lessons compliment the waiver in accordance with the honor of Sakyamuni.
Xuanzang not serve but do not dare criticize, please allow about China. The king retained, Nalanda Buddhist monks advised to stay well. He replied:
"China in the far West Architecture, roads so dangerous to delay transmission of Buddhism that few people understand the technical teachings of Sakyamuni. Therefore should you donate new swimming came here to seek the Way, this has finished, so please be on the water not only for those who are lucky as you increase the Buddha land. dare forget where you increase self-awareness and awareness tips his neighbor. "
King Harsha (best) could not stop listening to this again, but would like to ambassadors of the sea to bring the opportunity presented his credentials to Emperor Thai Tong. He also rejected due to high bone king promised to visit when staying at five countries: debt of honor that can not pay.
King Harsha gave him many treasures, elephants, he sent a convoy to the border of India, the second letter written extensively introduced him to the king of the toll he took over. Scriptures and Buddha As the wrong person was carrying. King of Kamarupa (Assam) also presented him with a robe of welding, and along with his king Harsha bringing dozens of miles out of the city. Now sa bye everyone ratio.
Attachment of two hearts that really touched monarch. Three days later, Xuanzang surprised troopers chase led by two kings, farewell to another ramp again, then sadness at parting. This time, goodbye. Four years later King Harsha was killed and a brilliant piece of Indian history ended.
Vacation Bilsar Xuanzang (north Kansuj) two months of the rainy season in 643, then go back to the old way, through Jalandhara Taxila. Full of bandits that region but he was calm because they know his job scriptures.
In early 644, he crossed the river Indus. Go to the middle of the river, its waves raging, a tilting boat, into the water holder Economics, rescued, but lost much prayer book manuscript and many seeds.
King of Kapica or to believe him, to pick him up at the river bank, seen people go so wrong at the business lost copy. Many other kings also dozens of miles away from his farewell to the people as to where he also followed the solemn procession. Up to his 10 years in India. "
In India 10 years, going on 7 years.
"Look on the map, to Badakhsan his readers that do not follow the old path that led to the Quan Set eastward turn over.
King Kapica has enough reserves to his real character, costumes, hundreds of people took him wrong through the Great Snow Mountain distances, knowing that the most difficult climbing. He took 14 days to climb. Landscape extremely cold, desolate, not a tree top, just piled up rocks to attract the eye. Mountains high and strong winds so that the birds could not fly over.
Out of Snow Mountain then Dai Ling. The domain in the cold too, live in cave animals, storytelling times thousands of merchants and camels which meet full snowstorm buried in snow. They recounted two living Buddhas, sitting meditation, not eating, not moving, in a cave 700 years and dry skin, not just up. And much more bizarre story.
He arrived in Kashgar, Yarkand (Ka-Tan), electricity is a rich states because of good soil, strawberries are planted. In ancient Chinese kept private and sericulture sericulture way because it is a huge resource. Maybe readers have known medieval Chinese mainland European transport across Europe so expensive to catch up on weight but in exchange for gold. Legend telephony king married a Chinese princess and the princess had been smuggled in under a few strawberry seeds and less water-worm enrich husband that China's secret word is revealed, then passed through Byznace mode.
King of electricity saved seven months he preached to the people to hear. He asked a group of native traders helped bring a piece of statement of Chang'an court for permission to enter that country (because before he sneaks away).
Laughed expression reads:
"... (I Xuanzang) travel cycle shows seventeen years (by China), far from water-la Bat-old part-through-all-candidates mortars, Ling mountains across the river exceeds three love, go on to the State electricity. Due to bring big elephant goes, it's drowning death, brought about a lot of experience, not to be rented truck, so to stay in suspension. could not limp on to early audience with the currently selected pad. waiting for their immense. should be sent high to keep water district code name is Tri commercial tour go on before they give expression said before the king to hear "(East Asia trade - Mr Tang Tang Xuanzang - Southern style 143, 10/1929).
During that time, he also sent him texts that the king took the wrong Kapica copied him.
Go to the Chinese territory, he stopped in Sa Chau (Dunhuang district) to wait edict of King Street. Imperial also upset at first because he dared to order, but the past 10 years, his reputation has up his great work, gracing the water in strange places, should be king Taizong letter he is very funny, absolution and catch the local reception to help him on his way.
One early spring day in 645, Chang'an street jubilant young and old, boys and girls helped each other pick pimp, he warmly applauded. Vertical banners, fluttering pile, bell peal drums, incense smoke spiraling up, bustling scene longer than original weekdays. The monks gathered in the capital to carry the classics, Hoang Phuc Buddha temple.
He was away from home for sixteen years, nearly three thousand kilometers across 123 countries and bring about the:
150 relics death.
7 wooden statue quarter to 3 meters high from 50 yards.
And 647 sutras. And translated 75 books of 1335.
At dinner later, he arrived in Luoyang Emperor in providing Long Phung, Emperor Taizong asked why he went West Truc without ships before, he replied:
Lower god who had said before, but that should not be too small for filed. And because so devout, so had to sneak away, actually brings great sin. "
The answer was so good, so wise, so we must imitate. Interior of a king's story is a great sin, to answer the question why the King said to the king pardoned them go. He replied very clever. He said that for those who've said before hypothermia because the process is too small but not remarkable, not worth more. King also said so pleasing because it was too small, so do not accept.
"King just smiles, inquired about the water Xuanzang passed. Advises him to the King, he refused.
The Western explorers, such as a ten, then everyone in the country to ask the court or the government go further, but it also encourages them to go, because the first is only for navigation, but the next time new facility and attempted to gain. Xuanzang probably want delivered after the Chinese hospitality with high bone of the king, Harsha, Kapica ..., and ask yourself Tang Taizong returned to the country that they with a trader, and then with some military team to expand the Chinese empire as departmental policy, Italian, Chinese, English, French later ".
But no. Where his heart such pettiness! "
The other expedition explorer not go nowhere, they take money from their country, they came to the place and then led the troops to invade that country. Xuanzang was not. If others can be persuaded King to China after the peaceful interaction that brings military invasion. But he has no heart despicable, despicable as Western explorers.
"Deny all fame, he just thought he had the time to translate business in India on the popular masses. Gentleman that I am, he was sitting in rows parallel projection own private world in that place. Which translate his work as well as visit the great scriptures made Buddhism spread very fast, very wide in the realms of East Asia, has made glorious Tang fame in the history of mankind.
New water more than a month, he immediately started doing translation work and large scale rapt as always 19 years until death.
I have for his scientific mind when reading the page's Up, in which he was properly recorded and meticulously from the terrain, the local climate, customs ..., he comes across domains, we again While more and more admiration that he organized a translation very methodical, very thoughtful, thought it is today, in this era of science can not be certain cultural institutions are doing better. Mr. Hoang Phuc Pagoda in Chang'an, invited the monks informed both Chinese and Sanskrit to cooperate with him.
Start the transliteration of the Sanskrit words for the Chinese philosophy, write the word means, then find the words in Chinese to translate properly, without which it is created.
Then divide the translation, if someone is having a place to ask the question "all services", ie, one having a comfortable place mainly dictograph.
Translated book does a person read Sanskrit, a detector in the States and make sure the police service does not yet, if possible, to discuss topics with repair services.
Then left again on how to divide more, chapters, paragraphs and punctuation is spelled correctly. This work can be done immediately after translation work, detective work before that.
Next to trim back the sentence.
Finally compare both the original and the translated text again, see no real right and virtuosity.
Xuanzang translating business leaders and commanders hardest job translating other sutras. In the first three years, he was nine business services (of which there are two sets of Tibetan Bodhisattva business and economic Disc), in 648, he offered to bring in Yuhua Tong Thai king palace.
The king seated institutional preface "Some ocean gametes Tripitaka", a Buddhist monk and wrong way to use Wang Xizhi text copied to carve up the beer. A modern calligraphy Toai why supply two copies, one inscribed on the temple From An Nhan Tower, at a European Council, currently there are still two stone monuments (as Tran Ha).
This is a paragraph in the article itself:
"Now there is Mr. Tsang shaman who choose a path leader. Lite has spiritual introspection, not centroid, early awakening of old, the gods love grow, before privatization implies for all (...) , mindful of the legal world trade Noi each reflection, to the district, the false illusory concept consultation. means that separation might want to share, more extensive text rien; puppets continue killing foot, open to post-school. Wherefore land forward Western Province through the game world, venturing far away, patting his (...) Chu's western region, ten and seven years, the country approved schedule, asking for primary education (...) The domestic economic calendar is over , obtained summary Tripitaka scriptures, six hundred and fifty-seven ordinary, delivering the translations where diffusion China, to celebrate victory now. sacred teaching that the circular defect, birth injury that eternal sin. Irrigation tops off Agrochemical fire scout, preferably off the mesmerizing; sedimentation in wave-galaxy charity, and step ashore. wicked world knows now collapse, charity promoted by grace, excuse or failure are promoted by people at all ( ...) The economic hope this is all over, gone extremely happy how debt eclipses leap away, along with Peak extensive wisdom, copper pots translation. (Documentation on).
October of that year, Crown Prince built temples in Chang'an and Publications From a business service in the hospital yard, new translator Xuanzang waiting for you on that.
The following year he translated the ten anymore. In 660, he began working on the largest and most difficult business, doing the Great Wisdom. Disciples that he was very weak but doing it long, short service proposal, he would not, for such is negligent, the original harm. He determined to translation, not additions. Is the most expensive reference prior to service. Since there are three bowls of different greenhouse University, have brought about in India. Meet every place he thought suspicious, dare compare and scribble. By the end of the year 663, he translated the six hundred volumes.
In addition he has been left to posterity the further three projects:
The translation of the Sanskrit ethical philosophy to introduce China to India.
Writing the West Region of the ocean, including 12 books copied what he saw and heard in over 128 countries visit scriptures. This set contains very precious material for archaeologists India and Central Asia later translated into several languages: English, French, Russia, Japan, Germany ... and helped fix Indian scholars many mistakes in their history in the 7th century.
Especially Mahayana translation from Chinese speech volumes back to Sanskrit. Original Sanskrit India's long-lost, but in China still kept kanji translations, now he translated backwards to favor the Indian guru and close friend has taught or warm welcome he (according to Tran Ha).
To carry out such a great career, he held a strict life. Every morning he established many programs to translate documents, if not complete, day to night mode to finish, without delay. Often his three new holiday soup, broth years taught, preached to over 100 followers, then the translation; day like today, year after year, always 19 years. Energy and effort his real work experience disasters.
As I've said before Xuanzang few people as sheep-ma-la-Cross translation of Buddhist scriptures. After his Indo tsing over four hundred and more time to the business, but not much service. We can do it before then, two-thirds of his translation of Buddhist scriptures is about.
According to the volume of work that not only Superman makes Buddhism thrives throughout East Asia, but also a great influence on the language and literature of China.
Words are more wealthy Chinese have three and a half thousand hours, based on the great Buddhist dictionary. There are English translations of Sanskrit hug as Nirvana, moment (a very short time), bless (Buddhist temples, famous Sanskrit translated as: ignorance, sentient beings, predestined, as foot .. . Which is more 35,000 hours were 35,000 more idea.
Van fine voice reached platinum reason people choose to translate the language simple to understand, therefore, give counseling, using transparent dialogue.
Van subject to change. Sanskrit and Chinese backgrounds. Thanks to the translation of that exposure, compromise between the two languages. For example, Buddhist, no damage from use, but very good duality ... Change page characteristics that affect a portion Tang literature, especially in terms of phonological.
- Office of China's capital at imaginary or theoretical reading, by reading the story in modern scriptures that mimic mental hell writes novels. As the Spirit Collectibles Signature, and the story Shui Hu, Hong Lau Mong latter are influenced by the economic Great Adornment. Nirvana.
There are certain writers poets in Tang and future lives that greatly affect annoyed that?
But it's time that power failure Xuanzang times, self-knowledge is not going to live much longer. He remembered relatives and villages. The first brother was required at all, just a grandmother. He was back home, happy happy with my bag went ancestors ancestral graves. Still the spirit of a grape, although born in the forty years or Buddhism. She's beautiful soul.
One day, he instructed his disciples: "The team is coming off. Lay down I do not draw anything presented here. Patron in a cot and buried in a valley somewhere secluded, tranquil, okay?" . before awakening him as president, said: "I saw a large lotus flower in sight, strangely beautiful." Thirty-five years ago he saw a lotus sea He brought Buddhism to the mountains, this lotus would take him to the Buddha realm.
Mr. President February 5 th year young former German Lan (644). April 14, one million people in four countries and Chang'an to take his coffin to burial in Bach Loc Nguyen [*]. King Taizong then had ice; Cao Tong King and ordered him cry funeral is a solemn celebration. Then three thousand men to take the side of the grave mourning. In human history, from ancient times until now, no one's been a great honor. "
[*] By Rone Grosset, the pagoda from India. There are books in his arms temple. Bach Loc Nguyen is an area near the temple From An affordable?
Before she died, she told Xuanzang, he died only reference book in which to bury. This is what we need to learn. I'm not as smart as his great men, where there is more air with him. What all is lost. Even he was told, do not bury almost buried in a deserted place to avoid contamination.
Before going to see the lotus also sometimes Economics. Now also found nirvana lotus. END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.26/3/2014,NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).
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