After the compiler occurred Monday at the residence ly Ve (Vesli) Sangha debate "Cross the illegal" one, Buddhism began to move to a new phase, the phase of the movement of thought appears in Buddhism, Buddhist historians called: The sect of Buddhism Period (370 BC ~ SCN150). According to "walk Luan Luan Tong" 2, World Friendship (Vasumitra) that have a minimum of 20 the parties. In the Land Ministry of Chemicals (§ Oesaka Mahi) a policy: "The past, future wealth, current organic", meaning that there is no past and future, only the present. Actually, this is known to researchers through the arguments of the parties Theory Huu Nhut Set (SarvOestivOeda) namely "Abhidharma General Discussion Sa Pipa" (Abhidharma-a-§ mahOevibhOe • Oestra) , is a work with the ideological content, the Friends thought the side dishes "very future past" Land of the Chemistry Department, to form the thought "Tam the real property inventory entity" 3, which means 3 time (past present and future) is real, the true nature of the permanent law, this ideology also become the object of criticism of Mahayana Buddhism, which is why in " Diamond Business "delivers an opinion:" The past their prime real heart, the current prime interest impossible and the mind is impossible to attain, "which is a criticism of Mahayana Buddhism. The process of development of Buddhist thought as tree life, personal growth and development of its order of time and space affected. Thereby it gives us many lessons from the past, and from the present data, it also gives us predict what will happen in the future.
The contents of this article, the writer does not aim to introduce the history of Indian Buddhist thought, did not have to introduce ideas presented by the Ministry of Land sect Chemistry, simply introduce a verse to the content highlight current time, is recorded in the "Business Samyutta" (Sa × yuttanikOeya), then the disciples of the Buddha explains pretty much business in the "Business Central" (MajjhimanikOeya) or "Business Central A function "(MadhyamOegama).
With the ideological content of the poem, the writer questioned: Is it the thought which is the predecessor of the Ministry of Land sect Chemistry? True or not, it is not the main topics discussed by this article. The main problem is to find out what the Blessed One to entrust to us in this verse.
1. Documentation
If we accept the view that, in five sets Nikya "Business Samyutta" (Sa × yuttanikOeya) is an aggregation of business was the earliest, followed by "Business Central" (MajjhimanikOeya), "Business School Ministry "(DighanikOeya)," Anguttara "(A º guttaranikOeya) and" State Department "(KhuddakanikOeya), the poem is to appear quite early in the" Business Samyutta "Volume 1, Chapter I: Samyutta Devas, products Tree Lau, Mount Forest Business No. 10, page 18, HT. Minh Chau Service, Institute of Buddhist Studies published in 1993 Vietnam. content:
Not than the past,
Do not expect the upcoming
Living day to the present,
Thus, excellent photo characteristics.
Do hope the upcoming
Since than the past,
Fools should wither,
As clean green stem leaves.
Also with this content, and then to "Business Central" set 3 is the fourth economic development: The first is the "Business Nhut appeared Say" (Bhaddekarattasuttam) No. 131, the content consists of two parts of different theories and theories . Theory part of verse 16 by saying:
The past can not hunt
Future aspirations.
The past was the end,
The future has not arrived,
Only the current legal
The main insight here.
No, it does not shake
Knowing this, so practice,
Today zeal to do,
Who knew dead tomorrow?
No one is negotiating,
With a great army death,
Residence so dedicated,
Night on the tireless,
Worthy called Nhut appeared,
Tier calm, quiet.
And discrimination theory is an explanation of the Buddha for the content of this verse. Monday, "Doing A Nan appeared Nhut Author" (Ananda bhaddekaratta suttam) A content author Nan Chun explained this verse; Tuesday, "The Great Ca fought Nhut appeared Say" (Kaccana bhaddekaratta suttam) with The contents of this verse Ton Ton read authors Samiddhi heard, then assume Ca Chien Chun lecture broad meaning of this verse for the Sun and the author Samiddhi Bhikkhu hearing, Wednesday, "Business Lomasakangiya Nhut appeared Assuming" ( Lomasakangiya bhaddekarattasuttam) with Buddha teaching the content of this verse to the author Lomasakangiya Ton ..
In addition, the Han service, "Business Central A Ham" has three economic equivalent, as No. 165. "Kinh Thien Tuyen Lam Review", No. 166, "Kinh Thien Ton That," and Business No. 167 "Business A Nan Da theory." For convenience of readers to compare, here the writer quote verses from the "Review of Tuyen Lam Kinh Thien" as follows:
Be careful, do not think the past;
Not to seek future.
Recent past, lost,
Not to the future, far.
Now what are
Should observe the reflection.
Fragile concept idea is unlikely,
The wise know so religious.
If you have to follow the Holy,
Who or sorrow that death.
Away from certain death;
Danger, except large end.
So diligent practice,
Last night a little lazy lazy.
So often have to recite
Bat-location-la-base shelf nay.4
These are resources related to the verse emphasizes the current time, is recorded in the business A Ham and Nikaya. In terms of form, we can say the first verse is recorded in the "Business Samyutta" although only 8 questions, but its significance did not differ very much from the verse in question consists of 16 "Business Central" or "Kinh Central A function", if any other matter, just an explanation, which is part prose, but in doing which the Buddha called the verse is the general theory (the weak diamond), an explanation is called discrimination theory. Discrimination is also called the theory analysis (Vibhanga) or Comments (Abhidhamma). From this point, it suggests that we understand that the Buddha, as in this, the Buddha Dharma teaching is not split into three organs, ie business rules and logic. which means that the business has laws and a review.
The content and meaning of this verse is the Buddha as the basis for virtue. Reason as the Buddha raise, we will explore the content and its significance in the following section.
2. The content and meaning of the verse
Standing on a relatively speaking, space and time are the two concepts as fundamental to human perception and awareness that are not attached to the concept of space and time, the problem can not knowledge, the concept of right and wrong, good and bad, good and evil, the law ... can not establish. For example, in 1980 before his A situation in Vietnam is very poor, because too hard to generate much illness. After that first year of his A guaranteed settled in America, since his life as well as economic changes, and disease remission. Through this story, it gives us to understand the principles of perception is always associated with time and space, if we are to understand that he is a left hook before and after the time in 1980 and Vietnam and space America, we can not precisely aware of Mr A before and after the hook time and space. The story of philosophy egg baby born chicken or chicken egg is not what students know which one, because we have cut concept of time and space from them, if we base on the concept of space and time to explain what I was born, so is not difficult issue. A month ago I saw the house he was born a chicken egg, I may say so, and yesterday she saw his house D B produced chicken eggs. Ms B was entitled to speak so. Both statements are true, because in fact the case. Thanks to the concept of space and time that the social order are well established and valuable, even the concept of morality also relies on two concepts.
Why, then, the contents of this verse urges us 'not to think about the past, do not dream of the future, live in the present', that mean? Is it contrary to the principles of human perception? To be aware of the problem honestly and objectively, we should be based on texts for analysis. According to "Business University Ca fought Nhut appeared Say" Sun Ma ha Ca fought authors explain the dangers of tracing the past and advised us not to trace the past:
This current home, what is tracing the past? "My eyes in the past as such." The law is so sharp, and of love and sex there were tied. Because of sex and love being tied up, he delighted in it. So rejoice in it, he traced the past. Tai ... The nose ... The tongue ... Body ... Italy ... So rejoice in it, he traced the khu.5
And this current home, what is not tracing the past? "My eyes in the past as such. The law is so sharp," and in this form are not tied to education and charity. Because of sex and love being tied up, he does not rejoice in him. So do not rejoice in him, he does not hunt past. Tai ... The nose ... The tongue ... Body ... Italy ... So this current owner, is not traced the khu.6
Here, Sun Ca fought author took 6 internal origin is the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind as the subject for discussion about people. Two aspects of human mind and body. Body consists of eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind is mind. Talking to yourself is all about beauty, the status of the human body; talk about what we are talking about ideas and viewpoints. The existence of human existence is always associated with time and space. In terms of human survival time under the law from the past to the present and from the present toward the future. The past is past time, lost, no longer valid, no matter if there are only traces of history, for people to learn lessons and build something for the present. But people do not respect the fact that the chase attitude forgetting his bad points, if someone accidentally or intentionally repeating something not very nice of her past natural heart felt unhappy, not immediately sympathetic to the speaker, sometimes anger animosity born with it; Conversely, if someone asked what his or beautiful in the past, self- However please feel very happy, to say that people who understand and feel very friendly, although now its not the same, or sometimes praise this is a sycophantic, has the map is not good, want to take advantage of something, but listeners still hear words like that. That mentality regret the past.
Concerning this issue, we should get some experience in daily life to better understand the teachings of Buddha. Suppose if we modeled before, ever known a time, now you are an older person, body not as it used to anymore, just young generations have replaced their beauty, in other words society has been eliminated. Thinking back at that time, the joy, who brought the welcome, so many people love to indulge in ... now, by contrast, think more and more sad, more and more comparable deserve it. How sad and not deserve it, no reasonable person to accept reality? living with mental dreamed regret the past too much? Well that's sad regrets attitude about the past, do not accept the present. Another example, if we have employees who have previous psychological regret the past nor so inevitable. He, thinking that the old days like this I like it, power in the hands, for his subordinates may decide in its sole discretion. But, in fact I have now are elderly retired people, not even in office anymore. The position has changed positions, but the mentality and attitude of the great leadership that has not changed with age, his real position in society. Since then, the conflict arises not only in society that even his own family, and it seems everyone has more attitude to glass distance away from children. Why? If that is not acceptable behavior is not present, life regrets about the past, what is it?
He forgot one basic thing is the confusion between emotional life and reason. Romance is the area of activity of the heart and reason are areas of activity of the mind, heart function of the material to make love to live; function of the mind to solve the task. In family life, if we do not use your heart to share your feelings, but to get the li calculate, succinctly expressed the mind of the emotional feeling that is like the calculations, which rigid form of life, lack of enjoyable clichés. In other words, if we take the work style of organs for use with his wife and children in the family, it is the underlying cause disruption happy. Also, for use with friends, then friends and alienate. The main cause of the problem is the failure of perception or, more specifically, is the confusion of space and time. Confusion is the spatial family mistakenly turned into the office, time is mistakenly confused idea that family life work.
Attitude do not accept real life, always dreaming and regret the past is slowly killing knife to kill the invisible trail of happiness in the present and even future. So what pink paint in the past, which means currently only future suffering and sadness. That means the sentence:
…….
Since than the past,
Fools should wither,
As clean green stem leaves.
Ask, we take the standard to make sure that the current comparison is not as good as the past? first love is love best? If first love was not broken, then became husband and wife love it pretty? If the answer is not good because the concept of broken and his regret, he brought a lot of illusions and recognize the feeling. So why should we take the past to make a standard for present and future, to live in regret and sorrow? Think the same, nor themselves justice to myself, if the past is what is evil in their beautiful back deliberately forget, nor want anyone to mention, why beauty is so bad, try regret Lost? In fact, time and space are always the pros and cons of it, people that live in happiness or wisdom of man, and know that choosing the appropriate space and time while, in other words no time, no space mere suffering or happiness. That is the meaning and the reason why the Buddha advised people not to have the attitude of regret about the past.
If living the dream and regret about the past is one reason to bring suffering to human life, the attitude to life than dreaming of the future was also a factor causing the suffering. To describe this idea as well in this economic analysis Buddha
And this current home, what is the future aspirations? "We hope that in future my eyes would be so, the law is so sharp," and he was taken for apprehending what is not. As such grace radial, he delighted in it. Due to rejoice in it, he hopes future. "We hope that this will be my future is so, the sound is so ... (as above) ... We hope that the future of my nose is so, the flavor is so ... (as above) ... I hope that's tongue in the future will be like that, the position is so ... (as above) ... We hope that in future my family will be so, the contact so ... (as above) ... We hope that my future is so, the law is so ", and he was taken for apprehending what is not. As such grace radial, he delighted in it. Due to rejoice in it, he hopes future. So this is the current owner wishes the future.
And this current home, what is not the desire for the future? I hope that the eyes of the future will be like that, the law is so sharp. "He was not taken for apprehending what is not. Do not apprehending grace, he does not rejoice in him, he no desire for the future. "We hope that this will be my future is so, the sound is so ... (As above) ... We hope that in future my nose is so, the flavor is so ... (As above) ... I hope that's tongue in the future will be like that, the position is so ... (As above) ... We hope that in future my family will be so, the contact is so ... (As above) ... Here's my hope that the future will be like that, the law is the same. "He was not taken for apprehending what is not. Do not apprehending grace, he does not delight in it. Do not pleased complete in that, he has no desire for the future. As such, this current owner, is no future aspirations.
The past time has passed, what was the re-attachment can not be, if the hook was not regret the past, but what form of suffering. Also, the future is less time, less than that put too much hope in the future is born of suffering factor. Why? because time never stopped, not changing time again, people survive in space and time of great change that was not affected by how the law of impermanence? Moreover man himself is a case of cause and condition, and human perception is formed by the transformation of space and time. All things are impermanent, even human perception, then how to ensure that future dreams like this one or the other? If a matter is the assumption that only a dream, they are built from the current element, but from the present to the future has to undergo a period of time, that time again impermanence. Then there is no factor that brought the firm to decide the future like this one or the other. All things that change people's perception is not so hard to change life. Suffering was not so very often that by not accepting impermanence in other words by the dream of the future. Into a dream without the pain is the bitter laments. Vietnam brides build dream to marry a foreigner, to hope to change a life of poverty and of his own family, but the truth is not so, the dream collapsed form of the pain the pain. The most specific and clear from the story "of her greatest asset" of Reporter: Nguyen Van Tien Hung - Yen Trinh made, be made available on Website: www.tuoitre.com.vn on Monday, 27 / 08/2007, with the contents say the pain of the mother when the broken dreams of girls love their unique (see Appendix). It's a painful story like this is not the only one that has thousands of different painful story in Vietnam as well as society around the globe. That is the meaning stanza:
Today zeal to do,
Who knew dead tomorrow?
No one is negotiating,
With a great army death,
There
Do hope the upcoming
(Do than the past,)
Fools should wither,
As clean green stem leaves.
Almost all of us who also built for themselves a future agreement, but that dream has been accomplished or not, depending on many factors of conditions, one of the causes and conditions which are separated can make a broken dream, can build a life, but only for a moment dream of clouds of smoke. Impermanence is invisible hammer always lurking inside us and is ready to break when they meet all predestined, not compromise anyone. It is
No one is negotiating,
With a great army death.
Yet if you do not live life regret about the past, the dream of the future. Not to say that Buddhism denies the past, do not care about their future lives. Buddhism views the past as lessons for the present, see the future as the target user to, and view current as the foundation for what in the future. Aim toward the future but to build from now, because now is the basis for the future. If the current is the factor can not be good, bad future, if current is bad, people can not be a bright future. Therefore, strengthen and build better for the present, that means building good dreams for the future; If you look down the present moment, only that building something in the future, that no other does not require school primers University. This is a significant verse:
Only the current legal
The main insight here.
No, it does not shake,
Knowing so practice.
In the third period: past present and future. The past is past time, the future is not the time, now is the time people are living and working. Happy or sad that life, happiness or misery depends on solving rational or irrational human. To clarify this sense, Ca Ton fought author explains as follows:
And this current home, what is drawn in the current law? This letter, if the eye and the physical, both in this current, and knowledge of sex and love he was tied up well in this current. Because of the way he was tied to sex and love, he delighted in it. Due to rejoice in him, he was attracted in the present law. This letter, if the ear and the voice ... (As above) ... if the nose and the flavor ... (As above) ... And if your tongue and ... (As above) ... ; If relatives and contacts ... (As above) ...
And this current home, what is not drawn in the current law? This letter, if the eye and the physical, both in the present, and he does not have knowledge of sex and love is tied up in this current. Because of the way he is not tied to education and charity, he does not rejoice in him. Do not rejoice in him, he is not drawn in the current law. This letter, if the ear and the voice .. (As above) .. This letter, if the nose and the flavor .. (As above) ... This letter, if the tongue and the ... (As above) ...
People exposed to the external world through the five external senses are eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and an agency within the mind. Objects of the five external senses as colors, sounds, scents, tastes sweet, touching, and an object inside a method (ie, silent images of excellent taste contact). In the five senses are exposed to the good object is lovely heart (mind) immediately prior appropriation immersed object was, to which students are not so hard; contrast, the five sense organs (root) exposed with 5 subjects (ceiling), if the object that is not good to love the mind anger, because that still does not want to be exposed, so the pain of birth. Both cases are arising suffering, not only their love object. Why? The main cause of the problem is with the mind of ignorance (ignorance), the object is in contact with students are also suffering, like closing your eyes, whether beauty or color are not that bad at all, not only do not see beauty.
So how to end his suffering? According to the Buddha only correct perception, that is when the five senses contact with 5 being 5 ceiling ceiling dominates, love or hatred infection, so do not fall into misery. The reason that the mind does not fall into the control is the wisdom, the only role of the new intellectual can clearly see the Minister of Justice, and direct the mind to use the law appropriately, new drainage from suffering. This is the meaning of the passages has been Religion lead author explains fought Ca.
In fact, the meaning of 3 times the Sun author Ma ha Ca fought explained in texts, emphasizing the human attitude to the law, if the reference delusion will be swayed by the beauty of the bad measures to which the pleasures and contrary to clear the mind should not be swayed by the beauty of the bad law, so the heart does not born happy and sad. Meanwhile meaning emphasizes current role in the third period. Do not recall or retrieval of the past too much, because the past is the past, did not return; contrary to what the future is yet to come, life too seriously put forward, prone depressed , because from the present to the future there may be a shift change. That lead, three points of time they have contact with each other, but in the current time is most important. The time now is forming the basis for a future dream, that dream has been accomplished or not, depending on many factors, but of which the most fundamental factor is the current time has done nothing, if the current is zero, then how could the future be. Also, want to or living in a Buddhist Dewachen present how the seeds of enlightenment, which Buddha germinating seeds sprout buds emerged, the future Buddha bear fruit, if not currently planting seeds enlightenment but ignorance planting seeds, how about the Buddha in the future? That is why Buddha emphasized the role now.
Here, we can get the two cultures of East-West to further clarify the meaning of this verse. Vietnam in particular people or Oriental people in general are focused on losing. On it, the body shop to fix many donated gifts to relatives, but pre-birth birthday of a loved no one noticed, the view that as wasteful and useless conversation fanfare. However, the Western way of thinking, by contrast, they are focusing more on Birthday lost, birthday must be a happy day, party organization, but on a sad day lost memories simple.
Another example, the Vietnamese (Eastern) or we have the foresight, to take care of her husband, care for children, for people to neighbors, worried about the next life ... but do not worry yourself, care for life later, but this life did not care. This calculation or foresight, but which have or carry many bad points. Because the care of others, unknowingly becomes the attitude control, making their lives deprived of their liberty, feeling endangered monitoring, care to take care that the enemy does not accept to become angry. If a religious person, then worry about the afterlife than Yao, but this life did not care. For example, potential out of the next life, do something to life after being born in the realms of sound. Yet few people understand how this life is happiness. But the views of Western life is not so, think their ears more realistic, they are interested in modern life is more life to come, think for themselves more than others think, so how their education to help people learn to live independently. If people are aware of independent living, self-employed to take her, do not rely on others, it is the basic driving force enabled progressive spirit, efforts to learn, exchange knowledge, it is also a factor for people to know their duties and responsibilities. In fact, this spirit is the spirit of "Who is the island itself, was none other than to rely on people", the Buddha repeated several times in the business A levels and Nikaya.
3. Epilogue
In terms of living forms, Buddhism is a religion like any other religion, but Buddhism does not deny the value and role of modern life, promote life after life; back to that life How's this life is the basis to form the next life. Thus, this life is the result of the next life. If the results of which are issues that concern our people and not worry sow we reap, because people have grown to reap the fruits. Also, to life after a good life, then life must sow goodness, goodness itself had sown the good fruit shall reap also yourself, nobody can replace, it is the law of cause and effect. That means we need to consider in this present life, not the other life.
Relatively speaking, time and space as the fulcrum for human perception. In other words, no concept of space and time, people can not form a human problem, legal or social order and morality can not be formed, because the man has a close relationship with space (social) and time, space and time of change, how people change with it, the law is the rules that are set in each period and each society, not fixed. Therefore, there is no space and time people are not aware of things. This is the principle for perception.
Regarding time, the past is precious lessons to help people understand the current issues in more. The future is not the time to, but not for less than that deny future. Now is the time to pass, people are living in it. If it was past must be present, they must now have a future. How does the future that depends on current. Therefore, we need to appreciate the present moment, see it as a seed for future dreams. END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY BACH LIEN HOA.NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).
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